Basic course of hand-made Coffee

Among the many methods of making coffee, hand brewing can not only give full play to the rich and fresh aroma of coffee in taste, maintain the pure taste and rich and soft taste of coffee, and maximize the personality of coffee, but also has the advantages of easy operation, easy to learn and easy to make. The appliance is easy to manage and so on. But this does not mean that hand-brewing coffee is to brew coffee at will without any foundation, nor does it mean that a good cup of coffee can be brewed in any way.

Hand-brewing coffee seems simple, but in fact, in the brewing process, there are certain requirements for brewing mode, water temperature, extraction time and extraction quantity. From a small point of view, the steaming time, the thickness and flow rate of brewing water, the interval time of each water injection and so on will have a subtle impact on the taste of coffee, among many factors that affect the taste of hand-brewed coffee. A change in any small factor will change the taste of the final coffee. There is no standard for the taste of hand-brewed coffee, but the basic requirement of a good hand-brewed coffee is to have fresh aroma, pure taste, no miscellaneous astringency, acidity, bitterness, sweetness and other rich taste and achieve a balanced harmony. after drinking, the aftertaste of the coffee is obvious and clean.

In the past few years, in the process of coffee training in Xiumen, students have also encountered all kinds of problems in the learning process of hand-brewing coffee. I would like to sum up these problems and summarize some basic operational norms according to personal experience and understanding. I hope it can be helpful to those who are beginners in hand-brewing coffee.

(1) posture

Hand-brewing coffee can be said to be a kung fu job, which can be fully reflected in the control of brewing water. Good brewing should keep the water flow fine and uniform, soft and stable, on the basis of maintaining the stability of the coffee powder layer in the brewing process, maximize the extraction of good flavor components to avoid the extraction of bad flavor components. In that case, the most basic thing to maintain a stable flow is to have a good posture, so that you can operate the hand pot more stably and achieve the stability of the current and the stability of brewing.

There is no standard posture in the operation of hand-brewed coffee, according to personal physical conditions, operating habits, bar and operating equipment differences will be different, but the basic operating principle is to maintain a stable, comfortable, easy to operate and beautiful and generous posture.

First of all, keep a good posture. You can maintain an upright posture with your feet about 10 centimeters open, or you can keep your legs together at a 60-degree angle. In addition to standing upright, the legs can also be separated back and forth, with the center of gravity on the front leg to keep stable, and the back leg to help keep the body's center of gravity stable. In short, according to personal physical conditions and habits, it is basic to adjust a stable and comfortable posture before operation.

Secondly, hold the pot with your hand. Here, we should pay attention to keep the water in the hand flushing pot nine percent full, so that it is easy to control the flow. For beginners, the hand punch pot has a certain weight, and the stainless steel handle is easy to slip and unstable, so it is also very important to find a more suitable position to firmly manipulate the hand punch pot according to your own operating habits. it is recommended to hold the upper part of the handle in the position of "lifting the pot" rather than in the position of "lifting the pot". In addition, we should pay attention to the thumb not leaning against the pot wall so as not to burn.

Third, the distance between the pot and the body. During the operation, the body and the bar should maintain a certain distance to ensure that there is sufficient room for movement, but not too far away, about 10 centimeters or so, depending on the individual's situation, and the filter pot is generally placed at a distance of about 10 centimeters from the body at the bar. Too close or too far can not operate freely.

Fourth, keep your eyes on the water flow and the angle of coffee powder. When injecting water with your head down, make sure that the filter and coffee powder are under the vertical control of your eyes, rather than squint at the current or coffee powder.

Fifth, the way of holding the pot when injecting water. Hold the pot by hand, but be careful not to use your fingers or wrists, nor with your forearms. Bring the big arms close to the body and use the strength of the big arms to support the pot to rotate. In the whole process, the forearms and wrists only play a supporting and communicating role. Do not use wrists to support the kettle body, not only the current is easy to tremble, long hours of work will also cause sprain.

In short, the posture of making hand-brewed coffee is not standard, because of the person, because of the height of the bar, because of the size of the hand-flushing pot, it should be adjusted according to specific conditions, as long as it is stable, relaxed and easy to control. and in the preliminary practice of water injection must lay a solid foundation, as far as possible to keep the flow vertical, slender, slow and uniform stable operation.

(2) current

The current is too thick!

The current is too fast!

The current is thick and thin!

The current is always shaking!

The current is always cut off!

This is probably a problem often encountered by beginners.

So how to solve these problems?-practice! Only practice! So how to practice? Here I have sorted out a hand-brewed coffee flow practice trilogy according to the progress of the students' practice and frequently asked questions, combined with my own experience in the original practice.

Step 1: at the beginning of the exercise, the flow should be very fine, very slow, and extremely uniform. Just like practicing martial arts, you have to cheat, squat and squat absolutely firmly, so you should keep the current to the highest standard when practicing, so that you can have a solid foundation so that you can collect and release it freely when making coffee. Well, there is also a limit to the fineness here, that is, at the beginning of water injection, slowly tilt the spout to let the water flow out as a drop, and then continue to tilt to change the flow from a drop to a slightly curved flow, and then continue to tilt a little bit, so that the water is thicker and flows out vertically in a straight line. this is the flow standard required in the initial practice. How slow is it? When watering the kettle, the water flow is used to draw the concentric circle, so the speed of the circle should be as low as possible, as long as the hand flushing pot is rotating. Extremely uniform, including the thickness and speed of the water should be uniform and stable, not fast and slow, thick and thin. According to this standard, if you practice continuously for more than an hour every day, you may get sore hands and arms because you can't adapt to it in the first two days, but remember to stick to it here! Hold on for more than an hour to get used to it! If you stick to it, you can basically stabilize the current in three days, and you can usually feel obvious progress in a week or so: the water can be controlled more finely and evenly, and your hands will not be so sore and uncomfortable.

Step 2: soften the current.

The water flow is basically stable, but at this time, although the water is slender and uniform, it appears to be relatively tense and stiff, so the current is relatively strong, which is easy to wash away the coffee powder and flush out the astringent and mixed taste. Just like after a torrential rain in summer, the ground will be covered with ditches washed out by Rain Water, but after a fine spring rain, the ground absorbs enough water and becomes denser and smoother. The water flow practice at this time should also look for such a feeling, when the water is poured down, feel that the water is gently pounced on the coffee powder instead of pouring it, allowing the water to pass gently through the coffee powder and extract the good flavor ingredients.

Step 3: adjust the current as you like.

Practicing the flow of water is like practicing martial arts. When you can control the flow and keep the soft flow, it shows that you already have some "internal skills". If you want to practice each move according to the formula at the beginning, then you should learn to be flexible after you have mastered all kinds of moves. In other words, for different coffee beans, different grinding degrees, different filters, different freshness, you can properly adjust the thickness, height and speed of the flow. Of course, the adjustment should also have a certain degree, in principle, how to ensure that the flow of water is soft to avoid extraction, and at the same time, there should be a certain degree of strength to ensure that it can be fully extracted. If the first two steps are mainly achieved through a certain amount of practice, then this step not only requires a long time of practice, but also requires the understanding of coffee beans and personal feelings, of course, this feeling also comes from a lot of theoretical accumulation and experience.

This water flow trilogy, in fact, is through the process of approaching the hand-brewing coffee to walking into the coffee, until every cup of coffee can be extracted like a master playing with a sword to extract the "true taste" of coffee, that is, the highest level of water flow kung fu.

For many people who have just come into contact with hand-brewed coffee, a major problem may be: in the beginner's stage, the seemingly simple hand-brewing pot suddenly becomes heavy in the hand, and the flow regulation is not as comfortable as it seems. After water injection for a long time, the hands will still tremble, unable to control the flow of water. These, on the one hand, are due to lack of practice and lack of proficiency, and another reason is that they have failed to find a suitable posture and exertion. What kind of posture is the best for hand-brewing coffee? There is no standard answer, everyone's height, body size, and operating habits are different, and there will be differences in posture, but for beginners, if they master the essentials of posture and learn to adjust their posture according to their own conditions, then practice is also twice the result with half the effort, so here summed up a set of the most basic and simple hand-brewed coffee beginner posture for reference only.

1. Preparatory work

Keep the operating area clean and orderly and prepare the necessary tools: hand punch, filter, filter paper, coffee grounds pickup cup, towel, and fill the hand flush pot with 9 minutes of water.

two。 Adjust posture

Move your limbs a little to keep your body comfortable and relaxed.

When operating, you can use two kinds of standing posture: one is to face straight ahead, with your feet apart from each other, and stand upright. Second, the body is facing to the left and front, the left leg is in front and the right leg is behind, and the heels are in contact with each other and separated at an angle of 30 degrees. Adjust your standing posture according to your physical conditions, and make sure that the soles of your feet touch the ground, keep your center of gravity on your feet, keep your waist straight, open your shoulders naturally, and keep your whole body visible and relaxed.

3. Adjust the distance between the body, the bar and the appliance. The distance between the body and the bar is about 5ml / 10cm. Place the kettle directly in front of your body, within 10 centimeters from the edge of the bar, to make sure you look down at the filter and the flow of water during water injection. Gently press the bar with your left hand to help you balance, and hold the pot with your right hand.

4. Lift the pot and water it. When holding the pot, the thumb and little finger are on the outside of the handle, and the index finger, middle finger and ring finger are on the inside of the handle. Hold the hand punch pot in the form of buckle to keep it stable. With the shoulder as the axis, lift the pot, forearm, wrist and fingers to stabilize the hand pot and maintain a natural and comfortable state.

5. Inject water. Lift the hand punch, keep the spout about 3 centimeters above the filter, align the spout in the center of the filter, look directly at the filter, gently tilt the spout angle, and let the water flow out slowly. Take the central point of the filter as the center, inject water clockwise, and draw a concentric circle from the inside to the outside. The outermost circle of the concentric circle is less than 1 cm from the edge of the filter. Keep the flow fine, uniform, slow and stable. Pay attention to keeping the flow moderate when the water injection is stopped.

After being proficient in water injection, follow the normal extraction water injection steps, that is, steaming, and the first, second and third water injection are practiced at the ratio of 60%, 30% and 10% of the total water injection, respectively.

After three times of water injection, gently separate the filter from the filter pot and be careful not to splash the residual water droplets on the bar.

Steps for making hand-brewed coffee:

one。 Prepare utensils and boil water.

two。 Grind coffee powder and set it to filter.

three。 Preheat the kettle and adjust to the appropriate water temperature.

four。 Brewing.

1. Steaming. Soak the coffee in a small amount of water to make it fully expand.

2. water injection for the first time when the expansion reaches the peak. (60%)

3. The second water injection when the expansion surface falls to the plane.

4. The third water injection.

5. Separation filter.

five。 Pour the coffee into the cup and clean the utensils.