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In 2002, Brazilian coffee exports reached a 270-year high, with a total export volume of 27.99 million bags (60 kg each), an increase of 19.3 per cent over 23.46 million bags in 2001. Due to the decline in international coffee prices, coffee trade volume was 1.355 billion US dollars, down 5.4 percent from 1.432 billion US dollars last year. Brazil is the world's largest coffee exporter, known as the "coffee kingdom" title. In the past 40 years, the trade volume of Brazilian coffee beans and instant coffee has averaged US $1.38 billion a year. In 2002, the total volume of world coffee trade was 88.7 million bags, and Brazil exported 27.99 million bags, an increase of 19.3% over 2001, accounting for 30% of the world coffee trade volume, ranking first (the second is Vietnam, with 12.2 million bags, accounting for 13.7%), an increase of nearly 8 percentage points over the 22.3% in 1998. Europe is the largest buyer of Brazilian coffee, accounting for 50 per cent of Brazilian exports. In 2002, coffee exports to EC countries reached US $708.7 million, accounting for 52.3 per cent, with most of the rest sold to the United States and Asia. Coffee beans account for 85% of Brazil's coffee exports. It can be seen that Brazil's coffee industry depends not only on its own superior production advantages, but also on the growing global coffee consumption boom. With the development of productive forces and the improvement of economic level, the trend of economic globalization is becoming more and more obvious. The growing world market has stimulated the deepening of the international division of labor. Obviously, Brazil undertakes the division of production and rough processing of coffee beans. Through the mechanism of resource allocation, the topography of Brazil, which is sold to the major coffee consuming countries in the world, such as the European Union and the United States, is mainly divided into two parts. One is the Brazilian plateau above 500 meters above sea level, distributed in the south of Brazil, and the other is the plain below 200 meters above sea level, mainly distributed in the Amazon River basin and the west in the north. The topography of the whole territory is divided into Amazon plain, Paraguay basin, Brazilian plateau and Guyana plateau, of which the Amazon plain accounts for about 1% of the national area. There are three major river systems: Amazon, Parana and San Francisco. The Amazon River is 6751 kilometers long, running through northwest Brazil and covering an area of 3.9 million square kilometers in the Brazilian basin; the Parana River system, which includes the Parana and Paraguay rivers, flows through the southwest, with rapids and waterfalls, and is rich in hydraulic resources; the San Francisco River system, with a total length of 2900 kilometers, flows through the arid north-east and is the main source of irrigation in the region. The coastline is more than 7400 kilometers long and the territorial sea is 12 nautical miles wide.