Introduction to coffee planting technology-how to grow coffee trees

Field management loosening weeding: seedling height of 3~6 cm, thinning seedlings, weak seedlings or over-dense seedlings pulled out; seedling height of 10~13 cm when the seedlings, plant spacing of about 30 cm. At the same time of thinning and fixing seedlings, loosen the soil and weed, keep the soil loose. Coffee beans are relatively drought-resistant, soil moisture can be maintained normal growth, dry days, appropriate watering, but in the seedling period should be less watering, to white dew (early September), fruit tends to mature, can stop watering. Topdressing: seedlings about 35 cm high, plant ridge sealing, seedlings applied 20 kg calcium superphosphate, ammonium sulfate 10~15 kg, mixed in the rows, and then cultivated soil, fertilizer buried in the soil, and can prevent plant lodging. Four, pest control coffee bean disease to gray spot disease is more common, the source of disease is a fungus in the semi-known bacteria, mainly harmful to leaves. At the beginning, light brown spots appeared in the center of the leaves, and then gray mold appeared on the spots. Before or at the beginning of the disease, spray 500 times of 65% zinc solution or 800~1000 times of 50% special solution to eliminate bacteria. Insect pests mostly occurred in late spring and early summer, mainly aphids, with dimethoate emulsion prepared into 200 times solution spray treatment. 5. Harvesting, processing and storage Coffee beans mature gradually at the autumn equinox (late September), and harvest begins when the pods turn red. Coffee beans should be stored in a ventilated, dry and cool place, pay attention to moisture and prevent rodents from budding after three days, and select those with a budding rate of more than 85% as seeds. Land preparation: in the selected plots, 2000~2500 kg of manure and 25 kg of calcium superphosphate are applied per mu, evenly scattered on the ground, ploughed, raked and leveled, generally not for bedding. If you make a bed, you can make a flat bed 1.2~1.5 meters wide. Sowing: the superior seeds selected through the test are soaked in warm water at 50 DEG C for one day and night, and after they absorb water and expand, they are taken out and dried on the surface, so that they can be sown. The sowing period is from Qingming to grain rain (mid-April), and the temperature is 15~20℃. It is too early, the ground temperature is low, and the seeds are easy to rot in the soil; too late, the seeds cannot mature, affecting the yield and quality. Sowing is suitable for drilling, row spacing 50~70 cm, 5~6 cm deep groove, seed evenly scattered in the groove, covered with soil 3 cm, slightly suppressed, about 10 days after sowing seedlings. Northern drought, to first irrigate after sowing, do not sow after watering, so as not to affect the topsoil hardening coffee planting technology, growth habits coffee likes warm, drought resistance is not cold, afraid of freezing, seedlings and adult plants vulnerable to frost defoliation death, seeds can not mature. Coffee is not strict with the land requirements, idle land can also be planted, but with good drainage, deep soil layer, loose fertile sandy soil is appropriate. Seed selection: Before sowing, the germination rate of seeds should be tested. The specific method comprises the following steps: dividing the seeds with full seeds into a plurality of parts, sequentially numbering, respectively taking out 125 - 250g from each part and putting into a corresponding numbered vessel, soaking in warm water at about 50 DEG C for one day and night, pouring out the water, washing again with clean water, and then covering with wet cloth to maintain humidity.