Introduction to the characteristics and varieties of Tanzania Fine Coffee Flavor Manor

Tanzania is one of the birthplaces of ancient humans. BC had trade with Arabia, Persia, India and other places.

In the 7th and 8th century, Arabs and Persians immigrated in large numbers. The Arabs established the Islamic kingdom at the end of the 10th century, and the Persians established the Zanzibar empire on the eastern coast of the mainland. [3]

In 1886, Tanganyika Inland was placed under the German sphere of influence. In November 1917, British forces occupied the whole territory of Tanganyika. In 1920, Tanganyika became a British "mandated territory". In 1946, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution to change it into a British "trust land." on May 1, 1961, Tanzania achieved internal autonomy, declared independence on December 9 of the same year, and established the Republic of Tanganyika a year later.

Zanzibar became a British "protectorate" in 1890, gained autonomy on June 24, 1963, declared independence on December 10 of the same year, and became a constitutional monarchy ruled by the Sultan.

On January 12, 1964, the Sang people overthrew the sultan and founded the Zanzibar people's Republic. Tanganyika and Zanzibar formed a United Republic on April 26, 1964, and changed its name to the United Republic of Tanzania on October 29 of the same year. Julius Kambarage Nyerere was the founding president and was re-elected twice until he resigned voluntarily in 1985. Mwinyi was elected the fourth president of the United Republic on October 27 of the same year and was re-elected in 1990.

In December 1992, the Zanzibar government joined the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) without authorization, which was strongly opposed by the coalition government and was forced to withdraw in 1993.

In October 1995, the first multi-party general election was held in Tanzania. Mkapa was elected president of the United Republic, and Salmin was re-elected president of Zanzibar by a narrow margin.

After 1996, the Sang opposition party stepped up its action against the coalition. With the firm support of the coalition government, the mulberry government has taken tough measures to suppress opposition activities and resolutely safeguard the coalition system.

In October 2000, Mkapa was re-elected president of the United Republic, and Karume, a candidate of the Revolutionary Party, was elected president and repeatedly expressed his position of safeguarding national unity, which further dealt a blow to the separatist forces.

Since 2001, the coalition government has continued to consolidate unity, maintain the coalition regime, strive for moderate forces, crack down on the separatist forces in Zanzibar, and take care of the allocation of budgetary funds and other issues related to Zanzibar's vital interests. Instead of openly advocating separation, URUF has demanded that Zanzibar be given more autonomy.

In December 2005, Kikwete was elected President of the United Republic, and Karume was elected President of the United Republic.

In early 2008, the Revolutionary Party and the RUF held negotiations on the establishment of a coalition government in Zanzibar, but no agreement was reached.

In 2009, the joint issue of Tanzania and mulberry has made some progress, but the dispute between the mainland and Sangdao on the ownership of mulberry oil and gas resources has heated up. Political reconciliation negotiations between the Sangdao Revolutionary Party and the main opposition party RUF resumed at the end of the year after a break at the beginning of the year. President Karume of Sang and General Secretary of RUF Hamad held historic talks, which attracted widespread attention from all parties.

In early 2010, there was a new trend of political reconciliation in Sangdao, and the Revolutionary Party and the Public RUF reached an agreement on the formation of a Sangdao unity government. In July of the same year, the Sang referendum passed a resolution on the establishment of a national unity government. In November, the general election was held smoothly, and the Sangdao National Unity Government was established. The president, the second vice president and 11 ministers came from the Revolutionary Party. Sang's first vice president and eight ministers came from the RUF.

Tanzania is an East African country south of the equator, bordered by Uganda and Kenya to the north and the Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi to the west. It is hot and humid all the year round, with an average temperature of 21-25 ℃ in most areas. Precipitation is divided into long and short rainy seasons, and the annual precipitation is abundant. The economy is dominated by agriculture, and coffee is one of the main cash crops in Tanzania. Arabica coffee and Robusta coffee are grown in Tanzania.

Mount Mount Kilimanjaro, located in northeastern Tanzania, is the highest mountain in Africa at 5895 meters above sea level. The ultra-high altitude makes the top of the mountain snow all the year round, while Tanzania's main coffee producing area is located at the foot of Mount Kilimanjaro. The area is rich in volcanic soil, which brings an adequate supply of nutrients for the growth of coffee trees. Coffee trees are generally planted at high elevations above 1150 meters, which is one of the prerequisites for Arabica to develop a high-quality flavor.

Tanzanian coffee is mostly washed. After picking, coffee farmers will send the coffee fruit to the nearest processing plant for processing. The treatment step of the water washing method is to screen and remove the impurities in the coffee fruit, then remove the coffee pulp and exocarp, and send it into the fermentation tank to remove the pectin layer on the inner pericarp by fermentation. clean and then dry. Coffee in Tanzania is graded in the same way as in Kenya, both according to the size of coffee beans. When screening raw coffee beans through a sieve with fixed size holes, the larger the number of the sieve is, the larger the particles of raw coffee beans are. The flat beans classified by size are mainly AA+, AA, AB. In addition, PB (peaBerry), which is more produced in Kenya and Tanzania, also has a set of sieve size standards dedicated to grading the size of round beans.

Tanzania is also often compared with its nearest neighbor Kenya. It is said that the earliest Arabica coffee in Tanzania was introduced by Christians from Kenya and is similar to Kenya in flavor characteristics. With grapefruit aromas and soft and bright acidity. However, because the economic conditions of Tanzania are worse than those of Kenya, the production conditions are poor. Tanzania's quality control is not strict enough, destroying the quality of coffee in many processing links, which can not compete with Kenya, which is famous for its high quality. Although it is similar to the Kenyan flavor, Tanzania as a whole is smoother and softer and belongs to the balanced type. With moderately low acidity and sweetness, dark chocolate finish, moderate mellow thickness. Compared with Kenya, which has a prominent personality, Tanzania is less hierarchical and does not give a very prominent feature after drinking, which makes people less impressive. But on the contrary, its soft and round characteristics are also more agreeable, which is easy to be accepted by people who are new to coffee.