Yunnan Coffea arabica Flower and Fruit Mountain Characteristics Flavor Description Processing Method Production Area Manor Introduction

An introduction to the manors produced by the method of describing the characteristic Flavor of Yunnan small Coffee Huaguo Mountain

The growth and development of coffee is closely related to climatic and environmental conditions. In the areas where the wind is strong, the temperature is high, the light is strong, and the soil is easy to dry, the axillary buds of plant branches tend to differentiate into flower buds, and the growth of branches is small, which is easy to cause premature senescence. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a place with quiet wind, high humidity and short light as a garden. Small-grain coffee is a plant that needs water and is afraid of too much water. Where the rainfall is below 1400mm, we should choose places with irrigation conditions or water conservancy facilities. The root system of coffee is very strong, and the soil drainage is poor, so drainage ditches should be added. If the soil has a large sand content and poor water conservation and fertility, mulch should be used and organic fertilizer should be applied. The sloping land should be changed into terraced land in order to be suitable for planting. Dig the planting hole 3 months before planting, separate the topsoil from the topsoil when digging the ditch, return the topsoil to the ditch, and apply 100 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per mu, where possible, apply 5kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer 2mure 5kg as base fertilizer, fill the ditch with topsoil about 15 days before planting (the topsoil is evenly mixed with base fertilizer), so as to avoid soil subsidence after planting and affect survival.

Cymes several clustered in leaf axils, each with 2-5 flowers, without a total pedicel or with a very short peduncle; flowers fragrant, with pedicels 0.5-1 mm long; bracts base ±connate, dimorphic, 2 broadly triangular, nearly equal in length and width, the other 2 lanceolate, 2 times as long as wide, leaf-shaped; calyx tubular, 2.5-3 mm long, calyx eaves truncate or 5-denticulate. Corolla white, length varies from breed to breed, generally 10-18 mm long, apically often 5-lobed, rarely 4-or 6-lobed, lobes often longer than Corolla tube, tip often obtuse; anthers protruding from Corolla tube, 6-8 mm long; style 12-14 mm long, stigma 2-lobed, 3-4 mm long.

Berries broadly elliptic, red, 12-16 mm long, 10-12 mm in diameter, exocarp dura, mesocarp fleshy, sweet at maturity; seeds raised abaxially, ventral flat, longitudinally grooved, 8-10 mm long and 5-7 mm in diam. Florescence from March to April

Cutting materials with straight branches, can not use a branch, because a branch cuttings after the new plant can only grow creeping, can not grow into a straight coffee tree. Cuttings should be cut with green uncorked, fully aged leaves, robust straight terminal buds at the bottom of paragraphs 2-3, not semi-corked and corked straight branches. The leaves of cuttings are four inches wide (about 6-8 cm), and each section of cuttings is 4-6 cm long. The cuttings are cut into two pieces, each with a blade, and the cut is oblique and smooth.

The slotting machine generally uses a sand bed with a thickness of 40-50 cm, with coarse sand in the lower part and medium fine sand in the upper part. The shade degree of the slotting bed should be 80-90%. Wash the sand first when using it, or you can mix it with the coconut bran of 1 stroke 2. Using spray equipment, the rooting rate of cuttings is high, but the cost of equipment purchase is high.

The cuttings can be cut obliquely or directly, and the cutting depth is buried at the leaf node. 10-15 cm in a row, with the leaves not covering each other as the standard. Fully sprinkle with water after insertion to make the cuttings in close contact with the sand. After cutting, plastic film should be covered on the cutting bed to reduce water evaporation and improve the rooting rate of cuttings. When covering the plastic film, it should be arched with iron wire or bamboo, inserted on the edge of the sand bed, and then covered with the plastic film, and then pressed to maintain the humidity in the bed. If you use spray equipment, you don't have to cover plastic film.

Some secondary stems are produced within one or two years after the young coffee trees are planted, and if these stems are retained, they can form a multi-dry tree shape, but the development of these secondary stems is irregular, which has a certain impact on the yield, so it must be reshaped. According to the branches, growth habits and fruiting habits of different varieties, as well as different environments and different management conditions, reasonable pruning forms are adopted respectively. The shaping and pruning of general small-grain coffee can be divided into two basic types: single-dry type and multi-dry type. In Luquan Tanglang, Jiaoping and other areas, due to high temperature and rain, low altitude, rapid growth of trunk branches, less second and third branches, less cutting results, and less fruit in the hidden canopy, it is appropriate to adopt multi-stem plastic surgery with one branch as the main result.