Yunnan coffee bean varieties production area processing method grinding scale manor introduction

Yunnan small coffee, that is, Arabica coffee now belongs to a relatively awkward position in the international market and in China. For example, the coffee shop ranks low in the coffee shop, and the cheapest coffee is Yunnan coffee. This is a problem that cannot be avoided.

Since the landlord asked where the difference is from the main production area, tell the story of the variety.

Yunnan can be said to be the only province where Arabica is still planted in a large area. The main planting areas are concentrated in Lincang, Dehong, Baoshan, western Yunnan and Pu 'er Banna, southern Yunnan. The coffee introduced by missionaries in the 19th century is mainly Robusta, and no large-scale planting has been carried out since then. In the 1950s, experts assisted by the Soviet Union put the two mainstream Arabica varieties in the world: Iron pickup typica and bourbon were brought to Baoshan, Yunnan Province for cultivation and promotion, and received high praise. Later, due to special period, scientific research and planting tended to stagnate. After reform and opening up, with the efforts of local agricultural experts, the iron pickup varieties cultivated by Baoshan state-owned Lujiang Farm and Xincheng Youth Farm also won the first place in the international coffee competition, and received rave reviews. However, the Chinese people's cognition of coffee made us not increase too much interest in planting. Since the early 1990s, in order to improve the planting enthusiasm of coffee farmers, Baoshan Thermal Crop Institute has introduced the Katim variety bred by the Portugal Coffee Rust Research Center through the cross of Timer (medium grain, Tim) and Caturra (small grain, Kadura), and has been popularized and planted with numerous titles. Up to now, this variety has solved many factors such as disease and insect pests disaster and drought resistance very well. The important thing is that the yield per mu has nearly doubled. Although the planting enthusiasm of coffee farmers has been improved, However, this also became the reason for the low quality of Yunnan coffee from then on; At the same time, Nestle and Maxwell entered China and began to promote coffee varieties suitable for instant coffee in Pu 'er and other places: S288, natural hybridization of large seed and small seed, and self-breeding of Indian Arabica Kent hybrid offspring S26, first-class rust resistance, but planting difficulty and adaptability were relatively low, and planting was basically stopped at the beginning of the 20th century.

Speaking of which, I think there should be a judgment on Yunnan coffee varieties. What about the excellent iron pickups and bourbon? New promotion planting, or left a lot of hills, continue to plant old varieties of coffee, but, popular, backward places do not have the origin and protection of a single species, a mountain, 10 households, all kinds of, a gust of wind blowing, pollen flying everywhere... hehe. The problem of variety makes Yunnan coffee really lose at the starting line.

In addition, the environmental problems of coffee planting, although it can reach the hot zone standard, are far away from the equator, evaporation problems, large-scale Yunnan coffee planting land is less than 1100m above sea level, Yunnan drought in recent years, and frost period problems in the producing areas, etc., all of which make coffee planting unable to be guaranteed normally, directly affecting the quality of the products. As for other processing problems and coffee farmers 'literacy problems, there is not much to say. Tea farmers drink tea for generations, but coffee farmers may not have drunk coffee in their whole lives.

Say so much, but it doesn't mean you haven't drunk a cup of good Yunnan coffee. If the post-processing and baking are good, coffee from several hills such as Pu 'er Manlaojiang, Manzhongtian Kadura, Baoshan Lujiang Baihualing Iron Pickup, Nankang Boben, etc. is still good, especially Nankang, the old variety with an altitude of 1800m.