How many years does it take for a coffee tree in Yunnan from planting to fruiting? how much can a coffee tree produce in a year?

Professional coffee knowledge exchange more coffee bean information please follow the coffee workshop (Wechat official account cafe_style)

As a crop, coffee also has a fruiting cycle every year. How many years does it take for a coffee bean to grow to bear fruit? How many coffee beans can be produced in a year? Qianjie Coffee will then use the experience of planting iron pickup coffee trees in Baoshan, Yunnan Province to answer these two questions.

How long will it take to plant coffee trees in Yunnan to blossom and bear fruit?

According to Qianjie Coffee observation, the first flowering period of the coffee tree is about three years old. the white five-petal tube-shaped flowers are filled with a faint fragrance of jasmine, and the inflorescences are arranged in dense clusters. The petals will wither in two or three days and bear fruit after a few months. The fruit is a drupe with a diameter of about 1.5cm, which is green at first, then turns yellow gradually, and turns red after maturity, which is very similar to cherries, so the coffee fruit is also known as cherry coffee (Coffee Cherry), which can be harvested after ripening.

The coffee is the two seeds contained in the coffee fruit, each of which is connected face to face with one side of its plane. Therefore, each coffee bean has a thin outer film, which is called silver skin, and its outer layer is covered with a yellow outer skin, called endocarp. The whole coffee bean is wrapped in a sticky pulp to form a soft and sweet coffee pulp with the outermost shell.

How many coffee beans can a coffee tree produce in a year?

The number of coffee beans that a coffee tree can produce in a year is mainly related to the coffee variety and planting environment. For Yunnan, a coffee growing area in the former street, coffee trees can only bear fruit once a year, in which Katim coffee trees can be planted densely, generally, 330 Katim coffee trees can be planted in one mu, and about 300kg coffee beans can be produced in one mu. In other words, a Katim coffee tree can produce 0.9kg coffee beans a year.

However, the main vertical trunk of the coffee tree of the Ironka variety is up to 5 meters, which means that compared with other varieties, the distance between the branches and the nodes on the same branch is longer, so the planting of 100s per mu will yield about 100kg per mu. That is, a tin card variety of coffee tree can only produce about 1kg coffee beans a year.

According to Qianjie Coffee, it is known that the most widely cultivated single-origin coffee beans in Yunnan are Katim coffee beans, that is, Yunnan small-grain coffee, which is often seen in the coffee market at present. This is also because the yield of this variety is high and easy to feed, but it is not as good as iron card varieties in flavor, so the main coffee variety grown in Qianjie coffee in Baoshan, Yunnan is iron pickup. The aim is to bring Yunnan coffee beans with the best flavor.

At the same time, iron pickup is the oldest native variety of Arabica in the coffee market, and almost all the coffee beans that Arabica belongs to are derived from iron pickup. The flavor of the iron pickup is elegant. However, the deficiency is that the iron pickup coffee tree has a weak physique, low disease resistance and is easy to be infected with leaf rust.

Therefore, the output of iron pickup coffee beans is small, and there is no way to be economical. So in recent years, iron cards in Central and South America have been gradually replaced by Kaddura and Kaduai. So the figure of the iron pickup is becoming more and more rare. Although the flavor of the iron pickup is elegant, it is not as popular as bourbon.

And according to Qianjie Coffee, it is known that the earliest coffee variety planted in Yunnan coffee producing area is also iron pickup.

This history can be traced back to the early 20th century, when foreign missionaries planted their own coffee in Yunnan, and then began the earliest large-scale production of coffee in the 1950s for export to the Soviet Union. therefore, at that time, coffee agronomists combined the growing environment and conditions of Yunnan coffee, as well as the quality of coffee, to determine the iron pickup as the main variety.

However, as mentioned above in Qianjie Coffee, the yield of iron pickup coffee beans is not high, it is easy to get sick, and there are strict requirements on altitude, so the output of iron picker coffee is very small, and the most important thing is that coffee farmers in Yunnan at that time did not have the consciousness of picking full-ripe coffee, so the quality of the picked coffee fruit was uneven, so coffee farmers in Yunnan turned their attention to easy planting and high survival rate. The Katim variety of coffee, which also has a high yield, has been put on the tree.

Katim is a combination of Arabica and Robusta, which has good resistance to leaf rust and rich oil, high yield and easy to grow, so after crossing with Arabica, Katim has 25% of the Robusta gene, which improves resistance to leaf rust and retains rich oil. at the same time, it also has the rich taste of some tin card original species.

So this is one of the reasons why Katim coffee beans are still widely planted in Yunnan. In addition, Qianjie Coffee chooses to grow iron pickup coffee mainly in the manor, thinking that if you want to change the flavor of Yunnan coffee, you should start from the root. Now Yunnan coffee is numb to rely on special treatment to quickly change the bad flavor of coffee, resulting in consumers will have the inherent impression that "Yunnan can only drink with special treatment". Because as mentioned above in Qianjie Coffee, Iron pickup Coffee has its unique quiet and clean flavor, as well as balanced features, high cleanliness of taste, which can not be achieved by special treatment. After all, whether a coffee bean tastes good or not ultimately depends on the variety of coffee beans. after all, special treatment will not be a long-term solution.

Yunnan coffee bean producing area-Baoshan

The reason why Qianjie Coffee chose to plant iron pickup coffee trees in Baoshan, Yunnan Province is not without reason, but because it has a long history of growing coffee in Baoshan, Yunnan, specifically from the mid-1950s. The first coffee seedling was introduced by the late patriotic overseas Chinese Mr. Liang Jinshan in Southeast Asia.

In recent years, with the expansion of international trade, Lujiangba's small-grain coffee is more famous. Merchants in Europe, the United States, Egypt, Hong Kong and Macao, especially in Britain, the United States, Egypt, Hong Kong and Macao all regard it as top-grade coffee, and their products are in short supply. In December 2010, after being examined and approved by China's General Administration of quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, it was decided to implement national geographical indication product protection for "Baoshan small Coffee".

The reason why Qianjie Coffee chooses to grow coffee at the junction of Yunnan Baoshan and Myanmar is that the average temperature in Baoshan is 21.5℃, the highest is 40.4 ℃, and it is basically frost-free all the year round, so it is recognized as the best producer of small-grain coffee. The small-grain coffee cultivated here is famous at home and abroad for its strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, well-proportioned small noodles, mellow and fruity. Baoshan small-grain coffee in Yunnan has a long history of cultivation. Baoshan small-grain coffee can be said to be a national geographical indication product.

In other words, even the well-grown Katim coffee beans can show excellent flavor here, not to mention the more high-quality tin card coffee beans.

The above is the knowledge compiled by Qianjie Coffee about how many years it takes for a Yunnan coffee tree from planting to fruiting and how much coffee a coffee tree can produce in a year. Then Qianjie Coffee will share the difference between the flavor of Yunnan Katim's single coffee beans and those of iron pickup varieties.

Qianjie coffee Yunnan Huaguoshan coffee beans

Country: China

Producing area: Baoshan, Yunnan

Altitude: 1450-1550m

Variety: iron pickup

Treatment: washing treatment

Flavor: citrus, nuts, plums, melon and fruit, brown sugar, black tea

Qianjie Coffee the difference between Yunnan Huaguoshan coffee beans and Yunnan Xiaoguo beans is that Huaguoshan is a variety of iron pickup, while Yunnan Xiaoguo is Katim, in fact, these two beans can be called small-grained coffee, but because the acid of Tippi card flower fruit is softer and richer, it is specially chosen to distinguish the two varieties of beans in the name of Huaguoshan.

Qianjie Coffee Yunnan small Coffee beans (rations beans)

Country: China

Producing area: Baoshan, Yunnan

Altitude: 1200m

Variety: Katim

Treatment: washing treatment

Flavor: herbs, nutty, chocolate, caramel

Yunnan small-grain coffee refers to the small-grain coffee cultivated in Yunnan. Coffee is a small evergreen tree of Rubiaceae, native to Africa. At present, small-grain coffee and medium-grain coffee are mainly cultivated as beverage plants. The small-grain coffee cultivated in Yunnan, China traditionally refers to the mixed population of bourbon variety and iron pickup variety.

Qianjie Coffee Yunnan Coffee beans hand-brewed suggestion

Because the two beans are from Yunnan and the baking degree is moderate, the V60 conical filter cup is recommended in Qianjie. V60 cup mouth is relatively large, coupled with its unique spiral curve ribs, so that the air can be discharged more easily to improve the extraction quality. The taste may not be thick enough, but its high concentration brings out the acidity and obvious aroma of Yunnan coffee is one of its major features.

Filter cup: V60

Water temperature: 90-92 ℃

Powder / water ratio: 1:15

Degree of grinding: medium and fine grinding, that is, the thickness of fine sugar (VARIO 50: 57% pass rate of Chinese standard No. 20 screen)

Flushing and cooking technique: segmented extraction.

Steam with 30 grams of water for 30 seconds, small flow circle injection to 124 grams, continue to inject water to 227 grams when the water level is about to be exposed to the powder bed, remove the filter cup when the water level is about to expose the powder bed, and the extraction time is 2 minutes.

Huaguoshan cooking flavor description: strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, flower fragrance, sweet melon in the middle, black tea feeling at the end.

Yunnan small grain cooking flavor description: supple entrance, Asian herbal aroma, lively and bright sour taste, both cheeks, soft sour, mellow balance, rich layers, Yuyun dark chocolate, honey, sucrose flavor, brown sugar flavor after complete cooling.

For more boutique coffee beans, please add private Qianjie coffee on Wechat. WeChat account: kaixinguoguo0925