The basics of coffee

Planting conditions of Coffee trees

The ideal planting conditions for coffee trees are: a warm climate with a temperature of 15-25 ℃, and a rainfall of 1500-2000 mm throughout the year, and the rainfall time should be consistent with the flowering cycle of the coffee tree. Of course, in addition to the coordination of seasons and rainfall, there should be fertile soil. The most suitable soil for growing coffee is a well-drained, fertile soil containing volcanic ash.

In addition, although sunlight is an indispensable element for the growth and fruiting of coffee, too strong sunlight will affect the growth of coffee trees, so various producing areas will usually cooperate with the planting of some sunshade trees. generally plant higher trunk plants such as bananas, mangoes and legumes. The ideal altitude is 500-2000 meters above sea level. Therefore, the quality of Jamaican Blue Mountain coffee, which grows at an altitude of 8-1200 meters, is the best. It can be seen that the conditions for the cultivation of high-quality coffee are very strict: sunlight, rainfall, soil, air temperature, as well as the way coffee beans are harvested and the production process will affect the quality of coffee itself.

White flowers, red fruits.

The first flowering period of the coffee tree is about three years old. the white five-petal tube-shaped flowers are filled with a faint scent of jasmine and the inflorescences are arranged in dense clusters. Flowers wither after two or three days of blooming and begin to bear fruit after a few months. The fruit is a drupe with a diameter of about 1.5cm. It turns green at first, then turns yellow gradually, and turns red when ripe. It is very similar to cherries, so it is called cherry coffee (Coffee Cherry). It can be harvested at this time.

Coffee fruit contains two seeds, namely coffee beans. The two beans are connected face to face with each other on one side of the plane. Each coffee bean has an outer membrane of pu, which is called silver skin, and its outer layer is covered with a yellow outer skin, called endocarp. The whole coffee bean is wrapped in a sticky pulp to form the coffee pulp, which is soft and sweet, with the outer shell. With the increase of time and processing procedures, the life of coffee will be reduced; the appropriate storage method can prolong the shelf life of coffee.

Main varieties and characteristics of coffee

Blue Mountain Coffee: produced in Jamaica, the aroma is very rich, with a long-lasting fruit flavor.

Colombian coffee: very nutritious, highly balanced, and sometimes nutty.

Brazilian coffee: there are many kinds and flavors, but most of them are low acidity coffee with a smooth taste.

Manning Coffee: produced in Sumatra, Indonesia, full of grains, with syrup and chocolate flavor.

Mocha coffee: produced in Yemen, slightly alcoholic, spicy and different.

Java coffee: produced in Java, Indonesia, full-grained, spicy, medium acidity.

Costa Rican coffee: excellent flavor, smooth, strong acidity, high grade, with attractive aroma.

Kenyan coffee: aromatic, full-bodied, with fruity flavor, rich and perfect taste.

Coffee taste

The taste of coffee generally includes three aspects: smell, taste and taste.

There are 18 kinds of odors: animal, ash, coke, chemicals, chocolate, caramel, roasted sweet potato, earth, flowers, fruit, grass and vegetables, almonds, sour rot, rubber, spicy, tobacco, wine, wood.

The most basic flavors are sour, bitter and sweet. Sour taste is a basic taste of coffee, caused by organic acid, Taiwan citric acid, malic acid and so on. The second is the bitterness in the coffee taste of caffeine, quinine and this alkaloid, which is another basic taste of coffee, and good coffee has a certain degree of bitterness. The sucrose and fructose in coffee lead to the flavor of coffee, which is also an aspect of describing the flavor of coffee.

The third aspect of commenting on coffee is its taste. First of all, there is a strong feeling, after drinking coffee, some are very strong, the whole mouth has a sense of fullness, and the watch will disappear for a long time, this is a kind of excellent coffee. Some coffee tastes like a cup of boiled water, light, without any feeling, losing the rich fragrance of coffee. Another taste of coffee is astringency, which is a particularly dry aftertaste, which people don't like.

1.2.3.4.5 when drinking coffee. Small steps

1. Take a sip of cold water first to clean your mouth.

two。 Please drink coffee while it is hot, because the tannin in coffee is easy to change during cooling, and the taste becomes sour, which naturally affects the flavor of coffee.

3. After a sip of black coffee, every cup of coffee you drink takes five years to blossom and bear fruit, and it goes through complicated procedures such as harvesting, roasting and so on, coupled with the careful preparation of coffee brewers. Therefore, first drink a mouthful of "black coffee" without sugar and cream while it is hot, and feel the flavor of the coffee before applying fat powder. Then add the right amount of sugar, take another sip, and finally add cream. Don't forget to have a sip of plain coffee first.

4. Before you officially start drinking coffee, take a sip of ice water, which can help the coffee taste emerge brightly, so that every taste bud on the tongue is fully prepared to taste the coffee. 5. Drink the right amount, coffee contains caffeine, so drink the right amount!

Enjoy a good cup of coffee according to the above process, you can not only experience the different levels of coffee taste, but also help to improve the ability to appreciate coffee.