The death rate of coffee drinkers has been reduced by 12%. Is coffee a new magic weapon?

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In a study of more than 180000 subjects, researchers at the University of Southern California found that people who regularly drank regular or decaffeinated coffee were healthier, such as living longer, and were less likely to develop many cancers and chronic diseases. Now we have another reason to start the day with a cup of coffee. Coffee drinkers seem to live longer, scientists have found.

In a study of African-Americans, Japanese-Americans, Hispanics and Caucasians, researchers found that coffee drinking was associated with a reduced risk of death from heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes and respiratory and kidney diseases.

People who drank one cup of coffee a day were 12 percent less likely to die than those who did not drink coffee. The correlation was even more pronounced among people who drank 2 to 3 cups of coffee a day-the mortality rate was reduced by 18%.

Veronica W. Setiawan, associate professor of preventive medicine at the University of Southern California's Keck School of Medicine (Keck School of Medicine) and lead author of the study, said: "whether subjects drank regular coffee or decaffeinated coffee, the mortality rate was lower, suggesting that the association was independent of caffeine. Although we can't say that drinking coffee can prolong life, we see this correlation. If you like coffee, drink it! If you don't drink coffee, you need to think about whether to start drinking it or not. "

The work, published July 11 in the Annals of Internal Medicine (Annals of Internal Medicine), is a multi-ethnic cohort study conducted by the University of Hawaii Cancer Center and the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine.

The ongoing multi-ethnic cohort study (Multiethnic Cohort Study), which included more than 215000 participants, is the most ethnically diverse of all current studies to analyze lifestyle risk factors for cancer.

"until now, there has been very little data on the correlation between coffee intake and mortality in non-white groups, both in the United States and elsewhere," the authors said in the paper. However, these studies are very important because there are significant differences in lifestyle and disease risk among people of different races and backgrounds. What the researchers found in one group does not necessarily apply to other groups. "

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"as the largest of its kind currently, the subjects of this work included four ethnic groups with very different lifestyles, but all reached similar conclusions, suggesting that there is a common biological basis behind this phenomenon." As a result, Setiawan said, "whether you are white, African-American, Latino or Asian, coffee is good for you."

The benefits of drinking coffee

Previously, scientists from the University of Southern California and other research institutions had found that coffee drinking was associated with a reduced risk of cancer, diabetes, liver disease, Parkinson's disease and other chronic diseases.

Setiawan, who drinks 1 or 2 cups of coffee a day, believes that because many people like to drink or rely on coffee every day, any positive impact of drinking coffee will be far-reaching.

"Coffee is rich in antioxidants and phenolic compounds that play an important role in cancer prevention," Setiawan said. "although the study subjects did not include Caucasians and did not point out which chemicals in coffee contribute to longevity, it is clear that coffee can be added to the 'list' of healthy diets and lifestyles."

According to the National Coffee Association, about 62 percent of Americans drink coffee every day, up 5 percent from 2016.

As a research institution, many scientists at the University of Southern California have been conducting interdisciplinary cooperation and research to find a cure for cancer and better disease management.

Keck Medical School and the University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center (Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center) jointly manage a state database called the Los Angeles Cancer Surveillance Program (Los Angeles Cancer Surveillance Program), which provides scientists with basic cancer statistics for multiple ethnic groups.

Researchers have found that drinking coffee can reduce people's risk of developing colorectal cancer, but drinking hot coffee or drinks can lead to esophageal cancer.

Voice from WHO

In a way, coffee is regaining the honor of "good for health". Twenty-five years after coffee was identified as a bladder cancer-related carcinogen, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced last year that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of liver and uterine cancer.

"some people worry that drinking coffee may be harmful to health because it may increase the risk of heart disease, growth retardation, stomach ulcers and heartburn, but studies have shown that coffee is harmless to people's health in the vast majority of cases." Setiawan said.

Figures related to coffee

Setiawan and colleagues looked at data on a total of 185855 subjects aged 45 to 75, including 17 per cent of African Americans, 7 per cent of native Hawaiians, 29 per cent of Japanese Americans, 22 per cent of Hispanics and 25 per cent of whites. The subjects received questionnaires about diet, lifestyle, family and personal disease history.

In the survey, the subjects reported their coffee drinking habits, which were updated every five years. According to their own situation, the subjects chose from "never / almost never" to "four or more cups a day", and also indicated whether the coffee they drank contained caffeine. The average follow-up time of the subjects was 16 years.

Sixteen percent of the subjects said they never drank coffee, 31 percent said they drank one cup a day, 25 percent chose to drink 2 to 3 cups a day, 7 percent drank four or more cups, and the remaining 21 percent said they had no habit of drinking coffee regularly.

During the follow-up study, 58397 subjects (31%) died, with cardiovascular disease (36%) and cancer (31%) being the leading causes of death. The researchers adjusted the data taking into account factors such as age, sex, race, smoking habits, education, existing diseases, physical exercise and alcohol intake.

In previous studies, Setiawan found that coffee can reduce the risk of liver cancer and chronic liver disease. Now she is assessing how coffee correlates with the risk of a particular type of cancer.