Popular Science time | Botanical knowledge of Coffee

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Taste coffee with all kinds of flavor, think about the issue of universal values, but forget the original appearance that is given by God, precious and needs to be cherished. Coffee beans are not born this way, they are crystallized through a lot of hard work.

1. Scientific name: Coffee L.

2. Family name: Rubiaceae.

Generic name: coffee (coffee)

Origin: tropical and subtropical regions (Africa)

5. Morphological characteristics:

Characters: evergreen trees, up to 10 meters in height, conical in shape.

Leaves: leaves opposite, leaf surface dark green, leaf back light green, oval or ovate, petiole short, middle rib obvious, leaf margin with microwave wave.

Flowers: flower clusters in leaf axils, white, Corolla 5-lobed, revolute and fragrant. Flower buds are compound buds, with 6 flower buds in each leaf axil, which bloom many times because of different development. The florescence is concentrated in 2mi to March, but only about 3MMI for 5 days, and the appearance aroma is similar to that of jasmine.

Fruit: immature green, ripe red, mature period of about 6 Murray 7 months, the shape is similar to cherries, so also known as coffee cherry (coffee cherry). The fruit is composed as follows:

Exocarp (exocarp): bright red exocarp

Pulpy pulp (mesocarp): sweet, sticky yellow substance under the peel

Endocarp (parchment): protective hard milky bean-shaped shell with seeds and their silver skins, mainly to separate seeds and mucus.

Silver skin (silverskin): the septal tissue on the surface of a seed

Bean: coffee beans, usually with a pair of seeds in the fruit; occasional fruit with a single seed, called fruit beans, round beans (Pea berry), single beans.

6. Varieties: there are nearly 66 species of coffee, of which five kinds of coffee are used for drinking:

Arabica coffee (arabica coffee): accounts for about 75% of the global output, good quality, the largest producer is Brazil. This kind of coffee can be subdivided into 8 varieties, and the most common ones are Bourbon and Typica.

Robusta coffee (robusta coffee): accounts for about 25% of the global output, easy to cultivate, the largest producer is Indonesia. The species name of this coffee is coffee canephora pierre ex froehner.

Libyan Coffee (liberica coffee): also known as Liberian Coffee, Liberian Coffee, Scientific name coffee dewevrei de wild et durand var.excelsa chevalier, production and international trade volume is less.

Excelsa coffee: also known as high-variety coffee, Exelsa coffee, the scientific name is coffee dewevrei de wild et durand var.excelsa chevalier, the output and international trade volume is less.

Arabusta coffee (arabusta coffee): a hybrid coffee produced by the hybrid of Arabica coffee and Robusta coffee and Ake Assi, the scientific name is coffee arabica x coffee canephora capot et ake assi.