Is Yunnan small grain coffee delicious? what's the difference between Yunnan small grain coffee and Yunnan coffee?

Yunnan, as the largest growing place in China, let everyone know more about the coffee in Yunnan through the movie "one o'clock at Home". Is Yunnan coffee good? Yunnan coffee, as an Asian coffee, will certainly have the earthy, pine and nutty flavor of Asian coffee, but it will also have more local flavor: Brown sugar and fruit acid. Yunnan small grain coffee tastes neutral, neither too sour nor too bitter. It really belongs to fragrant but not bitter, strong but not strong, slightly sour and comfortable coffee, but also more in line with the taste of the public.

Coffee cultivation in China is concentrated in Yunnan and Hainan provinces. Yunnan has a large output, with an annual output of about 26000 tons in recent years, accounting for 90 per cent of the national output. Yunnan is a subtropical mountain climate zone south of the Tropic of Cancer, with unique plateau red soil, rich and loose soil and mild climate, which is especially suitable for growing small-grain coffee, which can grow the best coffee in the world. The natural conditions of Yunnan are very similar to those of Colombia, that is, the quality analysis of large cups with low latitude, high altitude and day-night temperature difference is mellow, and its quality and taste is similar to that of Colombian coffee.

Yunnan small grains can be traced back to 1904, when Tian Deneng, a French missionary, brought coffee (iron pickup) into Yunnan from Vietnam and successfully planted it in Zhugula Village, Binchuan County, Yunnan Province. this is the beginning of Yunnan coffee, commonly known as small grain coffee. Small coffee refers to Arabica coffee beans, because its coffee beans are small, also known as small fruit coffee, Robusta coffee is called medium fruit coffee, Liberica belongs to large fruit coffee. And Yunnan grows Arabica coffee, so it is also called Yunnan small-grain coffee. In Qianjie Coffee, you can see two kinds of Yunnan coffee beans, one is Qianjie 2013 Iron pickup Coffee, the other is Katim small-grain coffee, both beans can be called small-grain coffee, but because Tippi card flowers and fruits are softer and more acidic, so we specially choose the name of Huaguoshan to distinguish between the two varieties of beans.

Yunnan coffee bean varieties

Yunnan coffee, a coffee standing on the tide of the times, after a century of training, the domestic demand for coffee is increasing, and the quality of Yunnan coffee is also rising. The variety of small grain coffee in Yunnan is also Arabica, which is also mixed with Robusta genes. In the seventies and eighties of last century, coffee leaf rust broke out in many countries in Central and South America, which seriously affected coffee production. CIFC, a coffee research center in Portugal, crossed Tim Timor with Robusta gene and Kaddura Caturra in 1959 to develop a disease-resistant and high-yielding Katim Catimor in response to coffee leaf rust. In order to solve the disaster caused by leaf rust and encouraged by coffee organizations, widespread cultivation was introduced in Central and South America in the 1980s.

In the past, Yunnan coffee was called "Yunnan small grain coffee". In fact, "small grain species" refers to an alias for Arabica coffee. Arabica coffee (Arabica), also known as small grain coffee. Derived from the wild coffee produced in Africa, it was introduced into Europe through Arabia and got its name. It was introduced into Zhu Kula, Binchuan County, Dali, China in the 1890s, and has since taken root in Chinese mainland. Yunnan has also become the representative of Chinese coffee, so Yunnan coffee is also known as "Yunnan small grain coffee".

Arabica coffee has a very high requirement on the growth environment, and it is usually more suitable to grow in the mountainous areas where Rain Water is abundant and has a large temperature difference between day and night. In addition to paying attention to bean seeds, manors and handling methods, some boutique coffees even mark the altitude of planting on the packaging. In addition, there are many varieties of Arabica coffee, such as the common tin card, bourbon, Kaddura and so on (similar to the red beauty, Aiyuan, unknown fire and other varieties in citrus). These are the variety names of coffee trees.

The most classic high-quality Arabica variety is Iron pickup, which is highly adaptable and is a variant of many coffee varieties we are familiar with: for example, Blue Mountain Coffee is a variety of Iron pickup grown in Jamaica, Kona Coffee is a variety of Iron pickup grown in Hawaii, and Mantenin is a variety of Iron pickup grown in Sumatra.

Typicati, which is native to Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan, is one of the oldest coffee varieties in Arabica, also known as the old variety of small grain coffee. The Tippica coffee tree is quite tall and has conical branches. The mother branch of the Tibica coffee tree is tilted about 60 degrees, the leaves are usually dark bronze, the top leaves are red bronze, called red top coffee, Tibica Typica coffee tree is very high. And the yield is less and the cultivation is more difficult than other varieties, which means that it is often difficult to obtain this kind of high-quality coffee. Although the yield of coffee beans is very low, the cup test score is very high, and the coffee flavor is varied.

And the iron card variety Qianjie 2013Sun Iron pickup Coffee shows a poor feeling of berries, brown sugar, nuts and black tea under the careful sun-drying of Qianjie coffee.

Catimor is a cross between timor and caturra. Katim inherited Tim's Robusta gene, which can better resist coffee berry disease and coffee leaf rust. At the same time, it has stronger resistance to diseases and insect pests, faster fruit ripening and higher yield. This also leads to the development of coffee flavor is not complete, improper handling is prone to thick bitterness, vegetation and other negative taste.

But Qianjie Coffee believes that if you want Yunnan coffee to taste good, you should start with the variety. So in 2013, Qianjie Coffee went to Lincang, Yunnan Province and began to grow iron truck varieties and a small number of bourbon varieties. One of the reasons for choosing the tin card variety is that, as one of the oldest coffee varieties, the gene of the pure Arabica variety, which owns the pure Arabica variety, has always been recognized as a fine coffee variety because of its elegant and clean flavor. One reason is that the earliest coffee trees planted in Yunnan are also iron pickup varieties, brought in by French missionaries.

Main coffee producing areas in Yunnan

The western and southern parts of Yunnan Province are located between 15 °N and the Tropic of Cancer, most of which are 1000-2000 meters above sea level. The topography is mainly mountainous and sloping, with large undulation, fertile soil, sufficient sunshine, rich rainfall and large temperature difference between day and night. It is very suitable for the growth of coffee. The geographical and climatic conditions of Yunnan are very high quality, which provides good conditions for the growth of coffee. The planting areas are mainly distributed in Lincang, Baoshan, Simao, Xishuangbanna, Dehong and other states.

Baoshan

Baoshan Pu'er Dehong coffee gold planting area has a large number of hot area resources with low latitude, high altitude and large temperature difference between day and night, which makes Yunnan a gold planting area for producing high-quality coffee such as Arabica coffee. Qianjie water washed Yunnan small grain coffee and suntan Katim coffee come from Baoshan producing area.

After more than 60 years of development, Baoshan small-grain coffee industry has become a scale and has become a characteristic industry with an annual output value of nearly 500 million yuan. The coffee industry in Baoshan has created a lot of splendor. Baoshan small grain coffee was known as "the crown of national coffee" at the National Coffee Conference in 1980; in 1992, at the first China Agricultural Expo, Baoshan small grain coffee was awarded the highest silver medal; in 1993, it won the Eureka Gold Award at the 42nd Brussels Eureka Fair in Belgium.

Pu 'er Tea

Tea village Pu'er. With a coffee planting area of 650000 mu, Pu'er has become the main coffee producing area and the main distribution center of coffee trade with the largest area, the highest yield and the best quality in China. At the same time of "quantity", Pu'er is also seeking a breakthrough in "quality". In recent years, the Pu'er municipal government, enterprises and farmers have strengthened the selection of coffee varieties and the intensive processing of coffee beans, introduced international coffee giants, learned from their planting and production technology, and "went out" to expand the market while improving the quality of raw materials. let Pu'er coffee brand grow. A series of measures such as the construction of coffee manors, coffee museums, coffee style streets and the holding of China Coffee Culture Festival have made the blueprint for the development of Pu'er coffee industry slowly unfold.

Dehong

In Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, mature price protection mechanism, support of science and technology and perfect management system are the source of coffee growers' confidence. It is understood that Dehong Hougu Coffee Co., Ltd. has fully played a leading role since 2004, implementing the "three unified and three guarantees" measures of protecting price, investment, quality and unified purchase, unified processing and unified sales.

Lincang

Lincang City belongs to the subtropical low-latitude plateau mountain monsoon climate, the topography is complex, is an area of various climate types. Mainly affected by the warm and humid air flow in the Indian Ocean and the southwest monsoon, the distinction between the four seasons is not obvious, but the dry and rainy season is distinct, Rain Water is more, the sunshine time is long, the annual average sunshine is more than 2000 hours, the frost period is relatively short, and there is no frost in some areas all the year round; the three-dimensional climate is obvious, and the annual average temperature in the mountain area is 13 degrees Celsius. Qianjie set up Qianjie Coffee Manor in Lincang and produced Qianjie 2013 Iron pickup Coffee.

Is Yunnan small grain coffee delicious?

Yunnan small coffee tastes neutral, neither too sour nor too bitter. It really belongs to fragrant but not bitter, strong but not strong, slightly sour and comfortable coffee, but also more in line with the taste of the public.

Compared with the tin card variety, although the Katim variety has the gene of Robusta, today's Katim in Yunnan is no longer the kind of flavor that is difficult to swallow. Under reasonable planting and traditional treatment, Yunnan Katim small-grain coffee will show the flavor of nuts, caramel and plums. Yunnan coffee belongs to Asian beans, naturally without the taste of herbs and pine, but with more local flavor characteristics, such as brown sugar, tea taste and plum acid. Qianjie also likes Yunnan coffee very much, because it is Chinese people's own coffee.

The flavor of coffee is inseparable from variety, and coffee variety is the essence, which basically determines the flavor characteristics of coffee. For example: Arabica coffee is mostly in the form of boutique coffee, Robusta coffee is mostly in the form of spaghetti coffee. In other words, Arabica coffee tastes better than Robusta's, but it doesn't mean that all Arabica coffee tastes better than Robusta's. Yunnan small grain coffee used to be Arabica, also known as Yunnan small grain coffee, in terms of taste, it is relatively neutral, neither too sour nor too bitter. It is really fragrant but not bitter, strong but not strong, slightly sour and comfortable. It is also more in line with the taste of the public. But at present, most of the Yunnan small-grain coffee is Katim varieties, so the taste is not so good.

Yunnan coffee bean treatment method

The weather in Yunnan is rainy and foggy, so washing treatment has become the most commonly used method of coffee treatment in Yunnan. Of course, there are also sun treatments, such as Sun Katim Coffee in Qianjie and Iron pickup Coffee in Qianjie on 2013. With the advance of boutique coffee, Yunnan coffee beans also have some special treatments, such as honey treatment, etc., but these treatments still can not cover the flavor of Yunnan coffee beans themselves, so Qianjie chose the most traditional sun and water-washed coffee beans, and the washed coffee beans can better reflect the local coffee flavor, so most of the rations beans in Qianjie are washed.

Qianjie brewed Yunnan Katim coffee parameters:

Qianjie store product parameters: use Kono filter cup water temperature: 88 ℃ powder quantity: 15g powder water ratio: 1:15 powder water ratio grinding: medium fine grinding (Chinese standard No. 20 sieve pass rate 75%)

[Qianjie washed Yunnan small grain coffee flavor] herbal, nutty, chocolate, caramel, black tea feeling.

[front street sun Yunnan Katim coffee flavor]: nuts, chocolate, spices, caramel, plums.

Suggestions for making coffee in front of the street:

No matter what kind of coffee is brewed, if you want to make a good cup of coffee, you still need to pay attention to the freshness of the coffee beans. Qianjie has always believed that the freshness of coffee beans has a great relationship with the flavor of coffee, so the coffee beans shipped in Qianjie coffee are roasted within 5 days. The purpose of Qianjie roasting is "freshly roasted coffee", so that every guest who places an order is the freshest coffee when he receives it. The bean cultivation period of coffee is about 4-7 days, so when the guest gets it, it is the time when the flavor is the best.

For those who need to be ground, Qianjie warmly reminds you that if the coffee beans are ground in advance, there is no need to raise the beans, because in the process of transportation, the pressure caused by carbon dioxide in the package can also make the coffee flavor round. so you can drink a cup of coffee as soon as you receive the coffee powder. But the coffee powder needs to be brewed in time, because the coffee powder oxidizes more quickly after contact with the air, that is to say, the flavor of the coffee will dissipate more quickly, and the flavor of the coffee is not so good. Therefore, Qianjie suggests buying whole beans, grinding and flushing now, so that we can better taste the flavor of coffee.

Professional coffee knowledge exchange more coffee bean information please follow the coffee workshop (Wechat official account cafe_style)

For more boutique coffee beans, please add private Qianjie coffee on Wechat. WeChat account: qjcoffeex