Comparison of the stories of Coffee Bean Variety producing areas in the World the flavor and taste characteristics of Blue Mountain Coffee in Colombia, Brazil

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Coffee beans are the seeds of coffee fruit, which are processed, roasted, ground and brewed by baristas in the factory before they become the coffee we drink. Just like drinking wine, you are drinking the grapes used in making wine, in the same way, when you drink coffee, what you are drinking is the taste of coffee beans. Since coffee beans are seeds,

Its tree species and growth environment (origin) will have a great impact on the flavor.

Grapes have been eaten. Red grapes, black grapes and white jade grapes are all grapes, but there is a great difference in taste because of their different tree species and growing environment.

Caffeine bean variety

Coffee belongs to the evergreen shrub of the genus Coffea of Rubiaceae. There are about 40 species of plants under the branch of Coffea.

There are only three kinds of coffee of commercial value:

Arabica species (Coffea Arabica) (yield: 69%)

Robusta species (Coffea Robusta) (yield: 30%)

Liberian species (Coffea Liberica) (yield: 1%)

These three varieties are called the "three native species of coffee".

Arabica (Arabica), Robusta (Robusta), Liberia (Liberica)

And there are many kinds of coffee.

The classification standard of biological taxonomy is to name an organism according to "realm, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species". It can also be divided into "secondary species", "variety" and "variety". Among them, there are mutant varieties that appear in natural evolution, while others are deliberately cultivated into varieties with special needs.

Coffee family picture original from:Coffee Family Tree

Since Liberia accounts for less than 1%, only Arabica and Robusta are introduced.

Arabica (Arabica):

In fact, there are thousands of different "secondary species" and "varieties" under this species name.

The more representative varieties of Arabica are:

Varieties closest to the original species: Typica, Bourbon (bourbon)

Well-known Typica variants: Maragogype (Giant Elephant Bean), Geisha (nicknamed geisha bean … Because it is homonym with [geisha])

Well-known Bourbon variants: Caturra (Kaddura), Pacas (Parks)

Well-known mixed race breed:

Typica (Tibica) and Bourbon (bourbon) are mixed. [Mundo Novo] Mondonovo species

Maragogype (giant elephant bean) and Pacas (Parks) are mixed. [Pacamara] Parkmara species

Caturra (Kaddura) and Mundo novo (Mondonova species) were mated. [Catuai] Katuai seed

Timor was mixed with Caturra. [Catimor] Cartimo species

* Timor is the mating species of Arabica and Robusta.

Robsta species (Coffea Robusta):

In fact, it is a mutant of Coffea C anephora.

Arabica species account for about 70% of the world's total production, and boutique coffee is in large demand. Robusta species account for 20%, 30%, and are mainly used in instant coffee, canned coffee, sweetness and oil lower than Arabica, and the content of caffeine is twice that of Elaraby. Liberian species are only traded in Suriname, Libya, C ô te d'Ivoire and other countries in West Africa because they are not resistant to leaf rust and have a poor flavor, but are not popular all over the world.

Producing area of caffeine beans

Coffee grows mainly in tropical or subtropical continental or island coffee plantations in America, Africa and Asia.

Coffee is mainly grown at 23.5 degrees north and south latitude.

So along the equator as the center of the coffee growth belt, also known as the coffee belt.

Coffee belt

Blue Mountain Coffee (belonging to Arabica)

It is produced in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica, a tropical island in the Caribbean. Its caffeine content is very low, less than half of the coffee from other producing areas, and the unique flavor of "Blue Mountain Coffee" is related to the unique geographical location and climatic conditions of the Blue Mountain region of Jamaica.

The blue mountain region of Jamaica has black and fertile new volcanic soil, fresh air and almost no pollution. the area is rainy all the year round and there is a big temperature difference between day and night. And because of the special geographical environment here, every afternoon, clouds cover the top of the Blue Mountain, not only blocking the sun for coffee trees, but also bringing abundant water vapor, which is the basis of such geographical location. The taste and aroma of Blue Mountain coffee is unique to the coffee produced all over the world, so its output is very small and often exceeds demand. Not all the coffee produced in the whole Blue Mountain area can be called Blue Mountain Coffee. Only the coffee grown in the Blue Mountain area above 1800 meters above sea level can be called Blue Mountain Coffee.

Manning Coffee (belonging to Arabica)

The "Mantenin" coffee produced on the Indonesian island of Sumatra is also very popular with Taiwanese consumers. "Mantenin" is actually the name of a local ethnic group in Sumatra. Coffee has been grown in Sumatra, Indonesia since the 18th century, but it has not been noticed by the outside world. In the 1950s, Japanese soldiers stationed there accidentally drank coffee from the local "Sumatra" and asked coffee vendors about the name of the coffee. The vendors mistakenly thought that the Japanese soldiers asked "what nationality are you?" so they answered "Manning." Mantenin belongs to deep-roasted coffee beans, full-bodied, thick and mellow, suitable for sweet and bitter taste, supple without sour taste, and strong mellowness is the best choice for tasting heavy coffee.

The "Sumatra manning" cultivated by the delicate production management process in Japan has a new name-"Golden Manning".

Brazilian coffee (belonging to Arabica)

Rich in coffee bean exporter Brazil, the production of coffee beans, the best selection is called "Brazilian coffee". Brazilian coffee ranks first in coffee production in the world. Formal coffee cultivation began around 1850 and coffee trees were planted in Sao Paulo in southeastern Brazil. Now the main producing area is centered on the south. The soil is reddish purple and weathered basalt. When the soil is dry, it is brown, fertile and well drained, so it is suitable for coffee growth. "Brazilian Coffee" has a strong sour taste, with the original sweet and bitter taste of coffee, the entrance is very smooth, and with a hint of grass aroma, slightly bitter in the fragrance, smooth and smooth, is acceptable to most people.

Colombian coffee (belonging to Arabica)

Colombia's main coffee is cultivated in the Andes, around 1300 meters above sea level on the slope, the temperature is about 7 to 18 degrees, while the annual rainfall is 2000 to 3000 meters. The soil is weakly acidic and well drained, and the climate and geology are very suitable for coffee growth. Roasted coffee beans give off a sweet smell, taste good, have a unique sour taste, and are often used in high-grade mixed coffee because of their moderate concentration.

Coffee beans produced in different countries (even in different regions and farms in the same country) vary greatly in flavor and characteristics. So you can choose the variety and origin of coffee beans to drink according to your preferences (acceptable acidity, sweetness and flavor intensity).