How do coffee beans grow coffee tree varieties picture Daquan coffee beans species distinction

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1. Introduction to coffee trees

Coffee tree height: the average Arabica coffee tree height can reach 3 to 5 meters. The length of the main root is about 30 to 40 cm.

The caffeine tree is divided into two different branches: the erect branch and the lateral branch. The growth habit of the erect branch is down to the top, also known as the trunk or branch. Sucking buds may grow at each node of the upright stem, and these sucking buds grow up into new upright branches. The transverse branch is the opposite branch which grows laterally on the independent trunk or the node on the branch, which is called the main branch or lateral branch. There are the first side branch, the second side branch, the third side branch and so on. The branch from the node of the first side branch is the second side branch, and the branch from the node of the second side branch is the third side branch. The upright stem will not blossom and bear fruit, and the lateral branch is the fruiting branch. Under the nodes of each pair of transverse branches, new erect branches may grow.

Coffee flowers bloom at the node of the transverse branch (the node where the petiole connects the branch), and the number of flowers per node ranges from 10 to 40. During flowering, it does not bloom all at once, but blossoms in fractions. Arabica coffee is self-pollinated. Basically, as long as it blossoms, it will bear fruit. The more flowers bloom, the more fruit it will bear.

Description: above the surface are trunk, branch trunk, first side branch, second side branch, third side branch, leaf, flower and fruit. Below the surface are main root, erect root, lateral root and vegetative root.

2. Coffee fruit: the main structure is exocarp, pulp (colloid), inner shell, seed coat (silver coat), seed.

Picture: structure diagram of coffee fruit

Generally speaking, coffee means that after the fruit of the coffee tree is dried, there are one or two seeds called "raw bean green bean". This seed is the coffee bean (Coffee bean).

Coffee beans have the following names according to the results of different treatments:

a. Parchment coffee bean: beans with a hard shell after peeling, fermenting, and drying.

b. Raw beans (shelled coffee beans) green bean: raw beans with shells take off their hard shells.

c. Baked beans roasted bean: raw beans are baked in a baking machine and are suitable for brewing.

3. The reproduction of coffee

4. Branches and flowering habits of Coffee trees

Coffee trees have two different forms of branches: erect branches (vertical growth) and lateral branches (oblique growth). The first is a branch that grows upward from the seed. As the erect branches continue to grow, transverse branches grow in the axils of the leaves (nodes or the base of the leaves). It often produces a pair of transverse branches at each node of the erect branch. In some cases, sucking buds grow at other nodes below each transverse branch, and these sucking buds grow into erect branches.

Table of differences between Arabica coffee and robusta coffee:

Item

Arabica Arabica

Robusta Robusta

Occurrence time of variety

1753

1895

Chromosome (2n)

forty-four

twenty-two

From flowering to fruit ripening

6-9 months

10-11 months

Florescence

After the rain

Irregularity

Fruit ripening

Fall

Do not fall

Output (raw bean kg / public item)

1500-3000

2300-4000

Root system

Deeper

Shallow

Optimum temperature (annual average)

15-24 ℃

24-30 ℃

Optimum rainfall

1500-2000 mm

2000-3000 mm

Optimum planting height

1000-2000 m

0-700 m

Leaf rust

Vulnerable

Disease resistance

Koleroga

Vulnerable

Have endurance

Nematode

Vulnerable

Disease resistance

Tracheomycosis wilt

(Coffee Wilt Disease)

Disease resistance

Vulnerable

Coffee fruit blight

Vulnerable

Disease resistance

Caffeine content

0.8-1.4% average 1.2%

1.7-4.0% average 3.0%

Bean shape

Flat

Oval shape

Brewing characteristics

Sour

It's bitter.