Information introduction of Katim, the main variety of domestic coffee. Is Katim small-grain coffee?

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The varieties of coffee beans made in Yunnan are mainly planted by Katim, but the most famous is "Yunnan small-grain coffee". So, is Katim small-grain coffee?

Katim does not belong to small seed coffee. Katim is a hybrid of small grain coffee variety Kaddura and medium and small grain hybrid Timo. It belongs to Katim high generation variety, medium dwarf plant, exuberant growth, stable by-characters, emerald green leaves of crown buds, dark green leaves, columnar plant shape, short internodes, many branches, exuberant growth, wide adaptability, strong drought resistance, and certain cold resistance. At the medium management level, the average yield of dried beans is more than 200 kg.

3846 seeds per kilogram in cool sun for 2 months. There were about 5000 seeds in cool sun for 5 months, the germination rate was more than 95% in two months after seed production, 85% in three months, became weak after three months, and most seeds lost their germination rate after six months. The resistance to leaf rust is sub-immune type or extremely high resistance type, and its plant type is compact, and it has a certain inhibitory effect on longicorn beetles that mostly lay eggs in the bare parts of branches, with high yield, no prominent phenomenon in size and year, and excellent quality. This variety has been the main variety in coffee production since planting.

Katim CIFC7963 (F6) is widely popularized and planted in Dehong, Baoshan, Pu'er, Xishuangbanna, Lincang, Wenshan, Yuxi and other coffee growing areas in Yunnan Province, as well as Panzhihua in Sichuan Province and neighboring Myanmar, with a total promotion area of more than 200,000 mu.

The annual mean temperature is 19-21 ℃ years, the accumulated temperature of annual ≥ 10 ℃ is more than 6800 ℃, the coldest monthly mean temperature is more than 11.5 ℃, the absolute lowest temperature is above 1 ℃, the coldest monthly mean temperature is ≥ 11.5 ℃, the monthly mean temperature of ≤ 13 ℃ is more than two months, the extremely lowest general year is more than 0 ℃, and some years appear areas of-1 ℃ or short-2 ℃. Below 1200 meters above sea level, the annual rainfall is ≥ 1100 mm; the soil should be fertile loam, loose soil, good drainage, PH value of 66.5, slope less than 25 °gentle slope land, platform planting.

Catimor: an important variety of commercial beans at present. East Timor was colonized by Portugal for 400 years, and the Portuguese had long been in contact with East Timorese coffee trees. In 1959, the Portuguese moved the Brazilian bourbon mutant Kadura to East Timor and interbred with Tim, who was of Robusta origin, and succeeded in breeding Kadim with strong disease resistance and super production capacity. During the period from 1977 ○ to 1999 ○, leaf rust affected coffee producing countries around the world. With the assistance of international organizations, various producing countries vigorously promoted Kadim to fight leaf rust and increase production capacity. However, although Katim inherited the advantages of Robusta's strong disease resistance, but also inherited the gene of poor flavor, in addition, although the early Katim had a large production capacity, it needed shade trees to serve, otherwise it was easy to wither, which can be said to be strong and dry. Over the decades, many botanists have studied the improvement of Kadim varieties, and dozens of new varieties have been cultivated. Colombia is the biggest harvester. In 1982, Kadim, which can be planted in the sun, was cultivated and named after the country "Colombia." Costa Rica claims that unlike ordinary kadim, [Colombia], which has been interbred for many generations, is now the two main varieties in the country with Kaddura, which has long replaced Tibica, which is weak, sickly and with low yield. However, most of the winners of Costa Rican [COE] are Kaddura, and [Colombia], who is of Robusta descent, rarely wins the prize. A large number of [Supermo] commercial beans exported by Costa Rica should be lower altitude [Colombia] or Kaddura, rather than the traditional Tibica, which is the main reason why the flavor of [Supermo] is getting poorer and poorer, but it is impossible for Costa Rica to reproduce the less productive Tibica.

In order to improve the poor evaluation of the Catimor Cartim Cup, in recent years botanists from all over the world have turned to the interbreeding of Arabica and Katim for many generations, in an attempt to reduce the Robusta pedigree and improve the elegant flavor of Arabica, thus cultivating a new generation of Katim, including [CatimorH528], [CatimorH306], and [CatimorT5175] and [CatimorT8667] of Costa Rica. But Costa Rica has abandoned the cultivation of Kadim, focusing on Kaddura varieties, and exporting the improved Kadim to Asian countries. There are countless Katim strains, and the cup test results and habits of each strain are also different, but although it has been improved for many years, Katim has not yet entered the top 30 list of the International Cup. Kadim's biggest fatal injury is that it is not inferior to Kaddura, Kaduai or bourbon beans grown at low altitude, but the cup test results planted at high altitude are significantly lower than those of bourbon, Kaduai or Kaddura. It remains to be seen whether Kadim can ascend to the Hall of Great elegance. Looking forward to one day to cultivate a super Kadim suitable for high altitude, shocked the boutique coffee industry.

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