What is the taste of Brazilian coffee producing areas? characteristics of flavor and taste of Brazilian bourbon coffee beans

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Brazil is the largest coffee exporter in the world. About 1/3 of the world's raw coffee beans come from Brazil, but the well-known Brazilian coffee beans seem to have only Queen's Manor, so what is the flavor of Brazilian coffee beans? What kind of coffee do you have in Brazil? Next, this article will give you the front street coffee to popularize science.

First of all, we all know that coffee bean is a kind of crop, and its flavor characteristics are closely related to coffee bean producing areas, varieties, and treatment methods, while the reason why coffee beans are seldom heard in Brazil is not because the flavor of coffee beans in this area is not good, but because the flavors are roughly the same, so natural Qianjie coffee will only introduce the best coffee beans in the same flavor characteristics to avoid being too similar in flavor.

History of Brazilian Coffee

According to Qianjie, coffee was introduced into Brazil in the 18th century. In 1727, coffee was introduced into Port Belem, Brazil from Guyana. Since then, it has settled in Brazil, mainly in the southeast coastal areas of Brazil. Namely, Sao Paulo, Parana, San Esprito, Minas Gerais and other four states.

From the late 18th century to the 1920s, in order to meet the needs of Western Europe during the Portuguese colonization, Brazil has been growing a single crop, that is, coffee, for a long time, so Brazilian coffee has been its pillar industry for a long time. This is also the heyday of coffee production in Brazil, which once accounted for 75% of the world's total coffee production. Over a long period of time, coffee exports accounted for 2. 3% of Brazil's total export revenue, making Brazil a well-deserved "coffee kingdom". But in 1929, due to the economic crisis, the world consumption of coffee plummeted, which dealt a heavy blow to Brazil's coffee economy.

Since then, the proportion of Brazilian coffee production in export earnings has plummeted. In the past 30 years, with the development of modern industry in Brazil, especially the rise and development of steel, shipbuilding, automobile, aircraft manufacturing and other industries, the status of coffee in the national economy has declined year by year, but it is still one of the pillars of Brazil's economy. Brazil is still the world's largest coffee producer and exporter.

Brazilian coffee bean varieties

According to Qianjie Coffee, it is understood that red bourbon, yellow bourbon, New World (Mondonovo Mundo Novo) and Kaduai are the main varieties of coffee in Brazil. Coffee varieties such as Kaddura and pointed bourbon are also planted and studied. Cambinas Agricultural Research Institute in Sao Paulo is a famous coffee variety improvement institute in Brazil, in addition to Katim, which is the most widely cultivated in the world, it is the work of Portuguese and Brazilian scientists. Next, let's share the characteristics of these varieties of Qianjie coffee.

Red bourbon

According to Qianjie Coffee, it is known that bourbon is the second species caused by the mutation of the iron pickup card, which belongs to the oldest existing coffee variety, and the green fruit will show bright red when it is ripe. Compared with the tin card species, the bourbon species has wider leaves and denser growth. although the seed setting is higher than the tin card, the harvest time is also 2 years, which is also a variety with less yield, but it has a high-quality taste, like the sour taste of red wine, and the aftertaste is sweet.

In popular terms, bourbon is a coffee tree that belongs to a branch of Arabica species, generally bearing red fruit, called red bourbon, in addition to yellow bourbon and pink bourbon. Red bourbon means that after the general bourbon coffee trees blossom and bear fruit, the color change of coffee fruit is from green > turning yellowish > turning slightly orange > turning mature red > turning to ripe dark red, so it is also called red bourbon, its flavor will have better aroma, at the same time, the acid is bright, and it even tastes like red wine. And according to Qianjie Coffee, it is known that Red bourbon is also the most widely cultivated variety in Brazilian coffee producing areas.

For example, at present, the Brazilian rations beans in Qianjie coffee shops use red bourbon varieties of coffee beans as the representative of the flavor of Brazilian coffee producing areas. Because red bourbon is not only the most productive variety of Brazilian coffee beans, but also the most primitive variety.

Front Street Coffee Brazilian Red Bourbon Coffee beans

Country: Brazil

Producing area: South Minas

Altitude: 1000m

Variety: red bourbon

Treatment: half-sun

Flavor: nut chocolate cream peanut caramel

Yellow bourbon

As mentioned above, yellow bourbon is also a gene mutant of bourbon. Bourbon has always been considered to be a leader in coffee because of its high yield and good quality. The yellow bourbon is a unique bourbon variety in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. After ripening, the coffee fruit does not turn red like red bourbon, but orange, so it is named after yellow bourbon. Because the altitude of yellow bourbon is very high, so its flavor is very good.

And according to the Qianjie coffee cup, it is found that the yellow bourbon coffee beans grown in high altitude areas will have excellent flavor performance, and almost all of the top three prizes that have swept the Brazilian extraordinary Cup Competition for two consecutive years have been won by yellow bourbon coffee beans, thus sweeping the boutique coffee industry.

The flavor of yellow bourbon usually has nuts and chocolate, the acidity is balanced and supple, the bitter feeling is weak and clean, and the whole is very bright and refreshing.

One of them, such as the Brazilian Queen's Manor coffee beans introduced in the Qianjie coffee shop, is the yellow bourbon variety.

Front Street Coffee Brazilian Queen Manor Coffee beans

Country: Brazil

Producing area: Sao Paulo State (Queen's Manor)

Altitude: 1400-1950m

Variety: yellow bourbon

Treatment method: half sun / sun exposure

Flavor: nuts, cream, peanuts, fermented fruit, sucrose

Pink bourbon

Pink bourbon, as its name implies, means that the fruit of bourbon tree coffee is romantic pink when ripe, which is a rare variety of coffee. However, according to Qianjie, it is known that pink bourbon first appeared not in Brazil, but in the town of Palestine in Colombia's Huilan province, so it is now mainly planted in Colombia's Huilan area.

And according to Qianjie, it is known that pink bourbon is a natural hybrid of yellow bourbon and red bourbon, in which yellow bourbon and red bourbon are dominant traits of dominant gene expression and have strong reproductive stability. the new variety of pink bourbon is a recessive character expressed by recessive gene, and the offspring produced by cross are easy to separate characters.

However, there is another theory about the gene of pink bourbon. Some studies have found that pink bourbon is produced by a natural cross between bourbon and Kaddura. Kaddura is a variety of bourbon, while the Colombian variety is a key coffee tree in Colombia. because it carries part of the Robusta gene, it has obvious advantages, high yield and resistance to leaf rust, but it is mediocre in flavor and lack of delicate sour and sweet.

The reason why Qianjie coffee says that pink bourbon is a rare variety is mainly because it is rare to maintain this beautiful pink, because some orange bourbon is sometimes harvested through artificial hybridization. that's because the color of coffee fruit is ultimately determined by recessive genes in pollen grains, which include both yellow genes and red genes. But these are recessive genes that easily interfere with each other, so pink bourbon production is rare and expensive.

At present, there are pink bourbon varieties of coffee beans from Huilan, Colombia, which can be shared with coffee fans. This coffee bean has a special virgin fruit flavor, which is easily reminiscent of sour berries, vanilla and dark chocolate flavor. the whole sucrose is sweet, and the flavor is obvious.

Front street coffee Colombian Isabella coffee beans

Country: Colombia

Producing area: Huilan

Altitude: 1760m

Variety: pink bourbon

Treatment: semi-washing

Flavor: Virgin fruit, citrus, flower, honey, fruit

Kaddura

Kaddura, a single gene variant of bourbon, was found in Brazil in 1937. It has better production capacity and disease resistance than bourbon, and the tree is shorter and easy to harvest. Unfortunately, like bourbon, it has the periodic problem of production capacity fluctuation every two years. But its flavor is comparable to or slightly worse than bourbon beans, more importantly, it is super adaptable, it does not need shade trees, and it can also be vibrant in direct exposure to the sun. it is commonly known as exposure coffee, which can adapt to high-density planting, but it must be fertilized more and increase the cost. therefore, the acceptance of coffee farmers is not high in the initial stage.

At present, this variety is mainly grown in Latin America, such as the Costa Rican coffee beans in the front street coffee shop. Most of the coffee beans are Kaddura varieties.

Kaduai

Kaduai is an Arabica hybrid. It is a subspecies of the Robsta variety, Mondo Novo (New World) and Kaddura. It has a good ability to resist natural disasters, especially wind and rain. It inherits the advantages of Kaddura's low stature and modifies Mondonowood's shortcomings. Another advantage is that the result is solid, and it is not easy to fall off when the strong wind blows, which makes up for the weakness of Arabica fruit, but the overall flavor is more monotonous than Kaddura, monotonous and less mellow, which is the greatest pity. In addition, the fruit growth and harvest life is only about ten years, and the short life span is also one of the weaknesses.

New World (Mondonovo Mundo Novo)

New World is a natural hybrid of bourbon and Sumatra found in Brazil and was planted in Brazil around 1950. Strong environmental adaptability and resistance to diseases and insect pests, although it is a high-yield variety, but the growth rate is slow, and the bean grain is too large. The tree height of more than 3 meters is its disadvantage (this height has exceeded the height of the harvester, so it is not suitable for mechanized harvesting), the top branches and leaves of the coffee tree should be trimmed every year. The new world has a good balance of sour and bitter taste. Sharp body bourbon

The pointed bourbon is one of the rarest coffees in the world, discovered by Rayloy, a coffee farmer on the island of Reunion (formerly Bourbon) in 1810. There is a reason why it is precious. In addition to its unique appearance, natural low factors make pointed bourbon a unique breed. Common Arabica beans, such as iron pickup or bourbon, contain about 1.2% caffeine. Robbosa beans have a higher caffeine content of about 2.8% (bad flavor is often used to make instant coffee), and sharp bourbon has only 0.6%, not only low caffeine. The rich fruit flavor is undiminished by his mellow flavor.

The above is the explanation compiled by Qianjie Coffee on what varieties of Brazilian coffee beans are available, hoping to help coffee lovers learn more about Brazilian coffee so that they can choose Brazilian coffee beans that suit their taste in the future.

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