Coffee encyclopedia the original variety of coffee beans

At present, the most important coffee beans in the world mainly come from three original varieties: Arabica, Roberta and Liberia.

The Arabica coffee tree, which originated in Ethiopia, accounts for 70% of the world's coffee production, and almost all the world-famous coffee varieties are Arabica species.

Arabica coffee trees are suitable for growing in high mountains with large temperature difference between day and night, as well as soils with low humidity and good drainage. The ideal altitude is 500m-2000 m. The higher the altitude, the better the quality, but because of the weaker ability to resist diseases and insect pests, it is more difficult to grow than the other two kinds of coffee trees.

The Robosta coffee tree, which originated in the Congo in Africa, accounts for about 20% of the world's production. 30%. Robesta coffee tree is suitable for planting in the lowlands below 500 meters above sea level, has strong adaptability to the environment, can resist bad climate, resist diseases and insect pests, and does not need much manual care during soil preparation, weeding and pruning, and can be allowed to grow in the wild. It is a kind of coffee tree that is easy to cultivate. But its style is more bitter than Arabica, and its quality is much lower, so it is mostly used to make instant coffee. Because it is made in Africa, most Africans drink Robosta coffee.

The Liberian coffee tree is produced in Liberia in Africa, and its cultivation history is shorter than that of the other two coffee trees, so the planting place is limited to a few places such as Liberia, Surinam, Gaiana and so on. as a result, the output accounts for less than 5% of the world's output. Liberian coffee trees are suitable for planting lowlands, and the coffee beans produced are very fragrant and bitter.