Yunnan coffee beans overall flavor taste characteristics Description Yunnan small coffee varieties origin brand grade introduction

Yunnan Pu'er tea is very famous, but coffee has become a major feature of Yunnan. When it comes to coffee, you may think that the imported coffee is good, but you don't know that the domestic coffee is already very famous. Qianjie believes that Yunnan, as the largest producer of coffee in China, although the output of coffee is slightly less than that of neighboring countries, the quality of coffee is not inferior to that of other countries. The output of Yunnan coffee accounts for 95% of China's total coffee output, which is the main origin of Chinese coffee.

Coffee is a kind of crop, which is picky about the environment in which it is grown. The west and south of Yunnan Province are located between 15 °N and the Tropic of Cancer, which is a very suitable coffee belt for growing coffee. The elevation of Yunnan is generally between 1500 and 2200 meters. In the southwest border area of Yunnan, the terrain is relatively gentle and flat, the general elevation is 800-1000 meters, and the topography is dominated by mountains and slopes. Yunnan has favorable conditions for growing coffee, with a comfortable climate, a large temperature difference between day and night, and a small seasonal temperature difference. These conditions provide a very good environment for growing coffee in Yunnan.

Qianjie believes that it is this unique natural condition that forms the flavor of Yunnan coffee-strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, slightly fruity, with a sense of tea at the end. Not every place is suitable for growing coffee. Qianjie has grown coffee in big towns in Guangdong before, but it is not clear enough about the conditions under which coffee needs to be grown. I decided to set up my own coffee farm-Qianjie Coffee Farm in Lincang, Yunnan.

Yunnan coffee producing area

Yunnan is famous for growing coffee in several areas: Baoshan, Pu'er, Lincang and Dehong.

Baoshan coffee producing area in Yunnan

Baoshan coffee producing area mainly produces southern small grains of coffee. Baoshan, as one of the three major producing areas of small-grain coffee in Yunnan, is the forerunner of the cultivation and processing of small-grain coffee in China. Small-grain coffee has a long history and rich cultivation experience, which can be traced back to the mid-1950s. According to Qianjie investigation, the oldest coffee tree has been around for more than 60 years. Lujiangba in Baoshan, Yunnan Province is a unique dry and hot valley climate in Yunnan Province and even the whole country, which is very suitable for the growth of Arabica (small grain coffee). Lujiang Dam, Longyang District, is located at the eastern foot of Gaoligong Mountain and on both sides of Nujiang River. It is located at 98 °44mm in east diameter and 25 °33km in latitude 24 °46m in north latitude. It is 640m-3510 m above sea level. Most of the small-grain coffee planting area is in the area of 800m ~ 1200m above sea level, and a small part has been planted in the area of about 1400 m. The raw material planting base belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate type, with an average annual temperature of 21.3 ℃, annual sunshine hours of 2334.5 hours, annual rainfall of 721.51 Mel 100mm, and basically frost-free throughout the year. It is one of the best producing areas of high-quality small-grain coffee in the world. International Coffee Organization tasting experts evaluate Yunnan coffee as the highest quality coffee in the world, such as Colombian wet-processed small-grain coffee.

Yunnan small grain coffee varieties

The Yunnan coffee we often talk about is also called Yunnan small grain coffee. What kind of coffee is that? According to Qianjie, Yunnan coffee beans are most famous for their small grains. Yunnan small grain originally got its name from the iron card, because the iron card seed is the Arabica small seed. The oldest variety of coffee in Yunnan is the tin card. Later, Nestl é settled in Yunnan, because of the poor disease resistance of the iron pickup, but also in order to increase the output of coffee beans, coffee farmers cut down the iron pickup coffee trees with good flavor to plant varieties with poor flavor but good disease resistance and high yield. S288, which is resistant to leaf rust, was initially introduced, and later Katim, which had a higher yield, was introduced. In other words, the coffee trees planted in Yunnan are mainly Katim varieties, and Yunnan small-grain coffee is Katim coffee.

[iron pickup Typica]

Iron pickup is one of the oldest species to come to Arabica. The top leaf of Tieka coffee tree is red copper, the leaf of the tree is long and oval, the leaf surface is smooth, the end branch is long, the branch is few, the bean body is oval or thin, the flavor is elegant, but the system is weak, the disease resistance is poor, easy to get leaf rust, and the yield is less. Yunnan Huaguoshan in Qianjie coffee is a variety of iron pickup.

[Katim Catimor]

Katim himself is a hybrid of Robusta and Arabica. In 1959, the Portuguese moved Kaddura, a bourbon variant of Arabica descent, to East Timor to mix with Tim Timor, a native of Robusta descent. This move has cultivated Katim, who has high disease resistance and high production capacity. And because leaf rust was prevalent in coffee producing countries around the world at that time, Katim vigorously promoted it in various producing countries with the help of international organizations for its strong disease resistance and high production capacity.

On the other hand, Qianjie Coffee Farm grows a variety of tin card coffee with higher price per plant and lower yield. at the same time, Qianjie has implemented a stricter screening management system and found a large number of skilled workers to train them. and this effort finally condensed into [Qianjie 2013] this coffee bean.

The plantation of Qianjie Coffee is located in Lincang, the base is located in 23 ℃ north latitude and 99 ℃ east longitude, the base is 1230 meters above sea level, 1540 meters high and 310 meters high, with mainly mountainous and sloping terrain, fertile soil, sufficient sunshine, rich rainfall and large temperature difference between day and night, these unique natural conditions form the lively and bright acidity of Yunnan coffee in Qianjie. The entrance of Yunnan coffee in Qianjie is smooth and has the flavor of Asian herbs. The acid is lively and bright. These excellent qualities are determined by many factors, such as growing environment, climate, cultivation and management techniques and so on.

Treatment of Yunnan small Coffee Bean

The climate in Yunnan is unstable, it may be sunny, and it may be rainy after a while. Considering these reasons, most coffee beans in Yunnan are treated by washing.

The process is to pour the harvested coffee beans into a peeling machine to separate most of the pulp from the coffee beans, guide the shelled beans to a clean sink, soak them in water and ferment to completely remove the residual pulp layer. Through water treatment, unripe beans and defective beans are selected because of buoyancy, and the fermentation process is easier to control, so the flavor is not mixed like sun beans, but shows obvious acidity, complexity and cleaner characteristics in the cup. Qianjie believes that washing is the best way to reflect the flavor of local coffee.

Qianjie coffee brewing parameters are recommended:

Because Yunnan is not a sour producing area, the flavor of coffee beans is relatively balanced, and the tone is the flavor of nuts and brown sugar. Qianjie coffee chooses medium roasting to show the balance of Yunnan coffee bean flavor, the sweetness of nuts and brown sugar, and soft acidity.

Filter cup: V60

Water temperature: 88 ℃

Amount of powder: 15g

Powder / water ratio: 1:15

Degree of grinding: fine sugar thickness (Chinese standard No. 20 screen pass rate 80%)

When brewing, three-stage water injection can be used for extraction, thus giving the coffee a richer sense of hierarchy. First inject 30 grams of water to wet the coffee powder completely and steam it for 30 seconds, then the small flow slowly circulates into the second section of water to 125 grams for segments, the water level in the filter cup drops to the point where the powder bed is about to be filtered, and then the injection can be stopped when the water in the third stage is injected to 225 grams, and the filter cup can be removed after the water in the filter cup drips completely to the bottom of the sharing pot, and the total extraction time is 2 minutes.

Qianjie Coffee washes Yunnan small Coffee Flavor: it smells nutty, with herbs, chocolate, caramel and a hint of acidity in the finish.

Yunnan sun iron pickup coffee flavor: with nutty tone, taste stronger than washed Yunnan coffee, slightly lower acidity and water washed iron pickup Yunnan coffee, but slightly more sweetness, higher sense of balance, berry-like acidity, mixed with brown sugar, and a slight sense of tea.

For coffee brewing, Qianjie recommends using freshly roasted coffee beans for brewing, so that you can maximize the rich flavor of coffee. The coffee beans shipped in Qianjie are all roasted within 5 days, because Qianjie is well aware that the freshness of coffee beans has a great impact on the flavor. The purpose of Qianjie roasting is "freshly roasted coffee", so that every guest who places an order is the freshest coffee when he receives it. The bean cultivation period of coffee is about 4-7 days, so when the guest gets it, it is the time when the flavor is the best.

Qianjie believes that Yunnan small-grain coffee is relatively neutral in taste, neither too sour nor too bitter. It is really fragrant but not bitter, strong but not strong, slightly sour and comfortable, and it is also more in line with public taste. If you prefer sour fruit, you should choose Yunnan small coffee beans, which are planted at high altitude and are slightly roasted. These beans have high acidity and weak bitterness. If you just don't like sour, then choose deep-baked beans, but the bitterness will be higher. Qianjie coffee rations beans have Yunnan small grains of coffee, there are 7 kinds of coffee beans from different countries, welcome to taste!

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