What are the characteristics of Yunnan coffee? are Yunnan coffee beans really not good?

When it comes to coffee, maybe now more people will notice that there is Chinese coffee in the coffee shop, that is Yunnan coffee. In the Qianjie coffee shop, many friends asked how Yunnan coffee tastes. And now Qianjie coffee rations beans in Yunnan small grains are very popular, and is the representative of Yunnan coffee.

In the past, people may pay more attention to imported coffee, but now the rise of the "national tide" has made more coffee friends realize that Yunnan coffee can still have such a rich flavor, and we also have good coffee in China! Today, the vast majority of coffee in China comes from Yunnan, which accounts for 98% of the country's coffee, which basically represents China's coffee growing industry.

Yunnan is the best place to grow coffee. Why do you say that?

Qianjie has told you that coffee is actually a kind of crop, of course, it has something to do with the climate and environment at that time. Yunnan is located in southwest China, and the Tropic of Cancer runs through southern Yunnan. The west and south of Yunnan Province are located between 15 °N and the Tropic of Cancer. Most areas are 1000-2000 meters above sea level, and the topography is dominated by mountains and slopes. And large ups and downs, fertile soil, sufficient sunshine, rich rainfall, large temperature difference between day and night, is a mountainous plateau topography, of which the middle altitude area of 1000-3500m accounts for nearly 90% of the province's land area. Yunnan's climate belongs to the subtropical plateau monsoon type, which is very suitable for growing coffee. As mentioned earlier in Qianjie, coffee grows in high-altitude areas, and the temperature and precipitation are suitable to grow high-quality coffee.

Pu'er, Xishuangbanna, Wenshan, Baoshan, Dehong, Lincang and other places in the south and west of Yunnan are the distribution areas of small-grain coffee in Yunnan.

Dehong: it has the laudatory name of "hometown of Chinese coffee". The coffee planting in Dehong Prefecture is above 1000 meters above sea level, of which 30, 000 mu are planted in the mountains above 1600 meters above sea level. in addition, the coffee grown in Dehong Prefecture mainly uses organic fertilizers and organic pesticides, resulting in high quality coffee. it is one of the rare high-quality coffee producing areas in the world.

Baoshan: the cultivation of coffee in Baoshan began in the mid-1950s, and the first coffee seedling was introduced by the late patriotic overseas Chinese Mr. Liang Jinshan in Southeast Asia. In recent years, with the expansion of international trade, Lujiangba's small-grain coffee is more famous. Merchants in Europe, the United States, Egypt, Hong Kong and Macao, especially in Britain, the United States, Egypt, Hong Kong and Macao all regard it as top-grade coffee, and their products are in short supply. In December 2010, after being examined and approved by China's General Administration of quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, it was decided to implement national geographical indication product protection for "Baoshan small Coffee".

Lincang: because of its unique geographical location and climatic conditions, Lincang has become the focus of many coffee enterprises, and has successively established 200 mu and 100 mu of high-quality coffee breeding bases in Mengding Town and Lincang Happiness Farm in Gengma Autonomous County of the city. coffee is planted in Gengma, Zhenkang, Yun County, Cangyuan, Yongde and other places. The coffee estate in Qianjie is in Lincang.

Pu'er: tea village Pu'er has cultivated coffee for 150 years. At the end of 1990s, Pu'er City began to cultivate coffee as a dominant backbone industry to adjust the industrial structure and increase farmers' income.

Yunnan coffee varieties

Of course, the flavor of coffee is also inseparable from the variety of coffee, different varieties, the flavor of coffee is naturally different. What kind of coffee is Yunnan?

There are two varieties of Yunnan coffee in Qianjie coffee: one is Katim, such as Yunnan small grain coffee, and the other is iron pickup, such as Qianjie 2013 iron pickup. Yunnan small grain coffee gets its name from iron pickup coffee, because the coffee bean of tin card variety is small, so it is named small grain. Qianjie has introduced to you that because of the high production capacity and strong disease resistance of Katim coffee varieties, many coffee growers cut down the tin card tree and plant Katim instead. At present, the planting area of Yunnan Katim variety is still large, and the variety of Yunnan small grain coffee is Katim variety.

At present, Katim coffee beans are the most widely planted in Yunnan, while there are a small amount of iron pickup coffee beans and bourbon coffee beans in Baoshan area. Although they all belong to Arabica species on a large scale, these varieties are very different in nature.

Iron pickup Coffee Bean (typica): the most classic high-quality Arabica species, many commercial improved varieties are derived from this. Iron pickup coffee beans have excellent taste and are recognized as a boutique coffee variety, but the yield is very low and vulnerable to rust, so more manpower management is needed. Iron pickup coffee beans are native to Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan and are the most widely cultivated variety of coffee in the Western Hemisphere. The plant is stronger, but not light-tolerant, and the yield is higher in Hawaii. The top leaf of the iron pickup is red copper, which is called red top coffee.

Katim coffee beans (catimor): Katim is not pure Arabica pedigree, it is a hybrid of Timor (which belongs to Robbsta) and caturra (a variety of bourbon), so catimor has 25% robusta pedigree, and its Robusta pedigree also determines its taste defects: the aroma is not rich enough, and the overall taste is bitter, prone to astringent and more irritating mildew.

Qianjie Coffee has been planted mainly with iron pickup and a small amount of bourbon coffee in Lincang, Yunnan Province since 2013. One of the reasons for choosing the tin card variety is that, as one of the oldest coffee varieties, it has the genes of a pure Arabica variety, and it has always been recognized as a boutique coffee variety because of its elegant and clean flavor. One reason is that the earliest coffee trees planted in Yunnan are also iron pickup varieties, brought by French missionaries.

Treatment of Yunnan Coffee beans

If the coffee beans are treated differently, the flavor of the coffee must be different. Sun-cured coffee beans are mainly sweet and sour with tropical fruits, leaving coffee beans naturally mellow, rich in flavor, and sometimes with a hint of wine! And washed coffee beans due to the fermentation process is easier to control, so the flavor is not as miscellaneous as sun-cured coffee beans, sour flavor and bright sense are better! Therefore, the seven types of rations beans in Qianjie are mainly washed coffee beans, because it can better reflect the original flavor of a production area.

Yunnan coffee beans are treated by sun and water washing, of course, there will be more other treatment methods, which is also extended on the basis of sun exposure and water washing.

The iron pickup coffee beans planted in Qianjie Coffee Farm are treated in the sun. The ripe coffee fruits are completely and evenly laid on the elevated bed for sun drying, and react to them from time to time, so as to avoid the unpleasant fermentation feeling caused by uneven drying. In addition, retain the intact fruit and let more sugars in the coffee fruit penetrate into the raw coffee beans, making the Qianjie coffee beans more fragrant and sweeter.

When the roaster of Qianjie Coffee received the raw beans of this coffee, he took into account the need to highlight its aroma and sweetness, as well as the taste of Yunnan small-grain coffee, so it adopted a moderate degree of roasting.

Suggestion on brewing coffee in Qianjie

For coffee brewing, Qianjie recommends using freshly roasted coffee beans for brewing, so that you can maximize the rich flavor of coffee. The coffee beans shipped in Qianjie are all roasted within 5 days, because Qianjie is well aware that the freshness of coffee beans has a great impact on the flavor. The purpose of Qianjie roasting is "freshly roasted coffee", so that every guest who places an order is the freshest coffee when he receives it. The bean cultivation period of coffee is about 4-7 days, so when the guest gets it, it is the time when the flavor is the best.

Of course, there are some customers who need help grinding powder in front of the street, which doesn't matter, but Qianjie has to warn: if the coffee beans are ground ahead of time, there is no need to raise the beans, because in the process of transportation, the pressure caused by carbon dioxide in the package can also make the coffee flavor mellow, so when you receive the coffee powder, you can immediately make a cup of coffee drink. But the coffee powder needs to be brewed in time, because the coffee powder oxidizes more quickly after contact with the air, that is to say, the flavor of the coffee will dissipate more quickly, and the flavor of the coffee is not so good. Therefore, Qianjie suggests buying whole beans, grinding and flushing now, so that we can better taste the flavor of coffee.

Parameters of Yunnan coffee brewed in Qianjie:

Filter cup: Hario V 60, water temperature: 90 ℃, powder content: 15g, ratio of powder to water: 1:15, degree of grinding: medium and fine grinding (Chinese standard No. 20 sieve pass rate 70%)

[Qianjie 2013Sun Iron pickup Coffee] has a thick, sour and sweet taste, with citrus and berry flavors, with a hint of fermented wine, caramel sweetness, creamy finish, black tea.

[Yunnan small Coffee Flavor] herbs, nutty, chocolate, caramel.

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