American boutique coffee association SCAA coffee brewing gold gouache ratio

SCAA American Fine Coffee Association and scae European Fine Coffee Association define the proportion of Gold Cup coffee, which must have an extraction rate of about 20% and a TDS of about 1.1% to 1.3%.

For Drip Filter infusion, how to extract the best coffee flavor, control factors nothing more than coffee powder extract and a cup of coffee concentration of these two variables, and these two variables as early as 1960 there is the so-called "Coffee Gold Cup" Gold Cup coffee theory according to SCAE(European Coffee Boutique Association) definition Gold Cup Standard: "1000ml water, 50~60g coffee powder, 92°C ~96°C hot water brewed coffee". This coffee brew falls in the "bull 's-eye" position of optimal extraction and Strength Concentration, i.e., the "Gold Cup".

First of all, each coffee can extract the extractable matter, up to about 30%(That is, 70% of xylem can not be extracted), that is, 10g coffee powder has up to 3 g coffee extract, and a cup of delicious coffee, the best extraction rate of coffee is 30%, 60~70% of the maximum soluble matter of coffee is the best extraction, that is, less than 60%(extraction rate below 18%) is insufficient extraction, coffee flavor will present incomplete flavor, and more than 70%(extraction rate above 22%) is excessive extraction, coffee will present bitter spicy bad taste.

Therefore, the optimum extraction rate of coffee is 18%~22%.

This 18~22%=30%*(60~70%), which means that the maximum extractable rate of coffee is 30%, and the extraction of 6,7% is the best coffee flavor. Why don't I write 18~22% directly, and around 60~70% of 30% is how we can imagine how to extract the best flavor from the maximum extract of coffee when we brew a cup of coffee. That is to say, 10g of coffee powder can extract up to 30%(3g) of coffee soluble matter, but we expect the best extract to be 18%~22%(1.8~2.2g).

In addition, how much hot water these extracts will dissolve in, this is the coffee concentration, the optimal coffee concentration falls between 1.0~1.5%, less than 1.0% light and tasteless, it is better to drink boiled water, if too strong coffee concentration of more than 1.5%(drip coffee), it is not good taste. The optimum concentration of Gold Cup in drip coffee is 1.2%~1.45%. Too light or too strong coffee consistency is bad taste. American flavor: It is a relatively light coffee, so a cup of American coffee has a concentration TDS of about 1.2~1.3%. European flavor: generally European coffee concentration is relatively thick, so a cup of European coffee his concentration TDS about 1.3~1.45%

So SCAE(European Fine Coffee Association) defines the standard Gold Cup target position, and there is a correlation between extraction rate and concentration, i.e., the amount of coffee powder, as follows:

Coffee ml

Coffee powder g

scheduled brewing

least

largest

240

300

360

400

500

600

800

1000

13

16

19

21

27

32

43

54

18

23

29

31

38

46

62

77

From the comparison table, determine the predetermined coffee brewing amount and set the upper and lower limits of coffee powder amount, how to reach the optimal extraction rate from 0~30% to 18~22%, and the coffee brewing concentration is just 1.2%~1.45%, just like how to throw a good shot. This brewing a cup of Gold Cup coffee, after the above basic powder amount and brewing amount are determined, whether the optimal extraction rate of 18%~22% can be achieved, and the concentration falls within 1.2%~1.45%, involving the extraction rate problem, and coffee grinding thickness, water temperature, filter medium (affecting water retention time), etc.

There are five factors that control how to brew a good cup of coffee according to SCAE; no matter how you brew coffee, these five principles must be mastered.

Contact time: apply various brewing methods, to extract 18~22% extraction rate in its best extraction time, it is important to control the coffee grinding degree and water temperature.

Temperature of the water: 92°C~96°C to start brewing water temperature is necessary to master, too high or too low initial water temperature may be inappropriate.

Turbulence of coffee powder during brewing: disturbance is necessary for brewing to achieve the extraction rate, such as air stirring, hand flushing water column flushing intensity, etc.

Soak coffee powder Wettability: Hand brewed,espresso, American There is a wetting stage before brewing. The amount of wetting water in this stage is 2ml of water per gram of coffee powder, and the soaking time is about 30sec. Of course, the roasting state of coffee beans has different pre-soaked wet states, and this part of hand washing can be well controlled.

Uniform Dispersion: The brewing process allows water to evenly pass through each coffee powder, while the water temperature is consistent from the beginning to the end. Water extraction is important. For example, espresso emphasizes that the brewing water temperature and pressure are consistent.

Coffee brewing method

French press

Percolator mocha pot

Drip Filter

Syphon plug siphon

Pressurised Infusion(Espresso)

As for the grinding thickness of coffee powder:

French press: Each coffee is ground into 100~300 coffee powders, about 0.7mm in diameter powder, which is about the size of the second special sugar particle.

Follicular drip filtration: Each coffee is ground into 500~800 coffee powders, about 0.5mm in diameter, that is, about the size of coffee with sugar particles.

Each coffee is ground into 1000~3000 coffee powders, about 0.35mm in diameter, that is, about the size of food refined salt particles.

Espresson: Each coffee is ground into 3500 coffee powders, about 0.05mm in diameter, which is about the size of flour particles.

SCAA standard cup test coffee powder grinding, 70~75% through the standard sieve #20(0.85mm) uniformity, about a little coarser than the French press.

SCAE also provides the concept of coffee brewing process and brewing time with different grinding thickness:

1. Wetting: At this time, hot water is added to the coffee powder to moisten the coffee and let the coffee extract dissolve. The amount of water is about twice the amount of coffee powder. The soaking time is about 30sce.

2. Brewing stage Water Cycle: At this time, depending on the size of the coffee powder, there is a different time for water to contact the coffee powder and dissolve the coffee extract.

a. French press: coarse powder, about 3~5min soaking

b. Dropping Follicle: The brewing process is about 1~3 minutes

c.Syphon: brewing process about 40~60sec

d.espresso: 30 second extract 30cc espresso

3. After extraction: At this time, coffee has extracted more than 50% of extractables, i.e. 60~70% of coffee soluble matter is extracted as the optimum extraction and the amount of water is adjusted to reach the optimum coffee concentration between 1.0~1.5%.

4. Coffee grounds after extraction: The water content in coffee grounds is about twice the amount of the original coffee powder (hand-washed follicular type).

Weight of some coffee pounds reference

1. Coffee beans: about 6 to 7 for 1g

2. Hario Syphon Measuring Spoon: 1 level spoon 8~9g

3. Hario V60 Measuring spoon: 1 level spoon 14~15g

4. Coffee beans (roasted):0.38~0.43 g/cm^3

5. Coffee powder:0.44~0.48 g/cm^3

6. A roasted 18/64″ coffee bean is a semi-ellipsoid with a major axis of 12mm, a minor axis of 8mm, and a height of 5 mm. It is said that coffee extraction is related to surface area. The surface area of the above coffee bean is 1.4 cm^2.

ExtractMOJO published by TDS and George Howell Coffee Company.

ExtractMojo is not a new concept. He simply continued SCAE's Gold Cup principle, making the theory and practice more convenient. For many people, this Gold Cup theory, which originated in the 1960s and was used to examine the quality of follicular coffee, is no stranger. But I must admit that this is the first time I have seriously tried to understand the principle and reformulate the theory of extraction.

Gold Cup coffee must maintain an extraction rate of 18 - 22% and a TDS strength of about 1.3%. This is a relationship between extraction rate and concentration that allows coffee to balance flavor interpretation. A coffee bean has about 30% soluble matter (the remaining 70% is insoluble structure, including xylem); while the standard extraction rate of Gold Cup is set at 20%; too low is under developed resulting in flavor imbalance, and too high is excessive extraction resulting in bitterness. Strength refers to the percentage of soluble substances in the coffee that have been washed out of the cup. The higher the percentage, the stronger the coffee will taste (strong), and vice versa (weak). With these two nouns in mind, the next step is to try to brew coffee to the goals of Extraction=20% and TDS=1.3%.

To achieve this goal of Extraction=20% and TDS=1.3%, Gold Cup has a recommended water to coffee ratio of approximately water: coffee= 17:1. ExtractMOJO convenient place is that you can fix the amount of powder (ground coffee), brewing water (brew water), or after the cup capacity (desired yield), three of the parameters, to calculate the remaining two should be how much. For example, if you want to brew a cup of coffee with a capacity of 240cc today, then after you fill in the number in this field, ExtractMOJO will suggest that you use 271.69ml of water with 15.19g of coffee powder (the software will estimate the average water absorption of coffee powder). First fix the water temperature (assuming 205F), measure the TDS value of the cup of coffee after brewing, and then input the software to obtain the falling point interval of brewed coffee, and correct it. If the TDS is too high, you can coarsen the powder or shorten the extraction time, and vice versa. Follow the data a few more times and you will soon be able to catch your Gold Cup brewing parameters.

If you want to make your coffee stronger or weaker, you can adjust the settings. After adjustment, the brewing parameters will also run. This is where ExtractMOJO comes in handy. You don't need to use a computer to calculate death, just throw the data in, follow the operation, and then correct it according to the actual TDS value. In principle, Extraction=18~ 22% and TDS=1.3~1.6% are acceptable ranges.

Through experiments, it was found that Clover's brewing, due to the deviation of the previous concept, used too much powder, resulting in the increase of TDS to improve the coffee strength, but ignored the performance of the extraction rate, and the coffee fell into the strong/Underdeveloped; TDS= 1.7, Extraction =11%) range. This method of cooking, in addition to waste coffee powder, resulting in insufficient extraction rate, but let the production area flavor is not obvious problem. It is imperative to find new grinding, extraction times, and mesh sizes using the recommended amount of powder. If business productivity was taken into account, I couldn't brew coffee in the four minutes recommended by the Gold Cup, so I had to adjust the grind to shorten the brewing time. In addition, coarse filter (70 micorn) is more suitable for brewing Gold Cup than fine filter (100micorn).

With the help of software, it took about one night to complete the extraction parameters, including the brewing settings of medium, light and dark roast coffee. Of course, you can ignore this Gold Cup mode, but after I tested the Gold Cup coffee, I found a few significant differences compared to the coffee I brewed before:

1. The flavor of the producing area is more obvious

2. sweeter

3. Cleanliness becomes higher

4. drawl

Then, interestingly, I dropped the amount of powder from the ear-bag into the software and brewed it according to the recommended amount of water (200cc), but coincidentally got a combination of Extraction=20% and TDS=1.3% for the Gold Cup, which I did not expect.

Fifty years after the principle was invented, it is a very sorry thing for my coffee and customers to seriously explore the principle of gold cup and apply it in the store. I admit that in many cases taste should be the final deciding factor in the process. But sometimes, by neglecting the convenience offered to us by existing scientific principles, the process of exploration adds to the pain and uncertainty. This software, let me re-understand the operation principle of Gold Cup, but also because of the convenience of the software, let me adjust the existing process, to provide mojocoffee lovers closer to the perfect coffee.