Who invented the French pressure pot in the historical development of coffee utensils?

"from the beginning, the French have been more enthusiastic about how to make coffee than any other country," William Harrison Ukers wrote in his book all about Coffee, published in 1922. The first French-made coffee machine appeared around 1800, Ukers said, and 40 years later, the first coffee machine made of glass appeared.

Although Ukers lists dozens of coffee machines like an encyclopedia of coffee, not a single word in the book mentions a simple French kettle.

The French kettle is called the cafe è re in the UK, and it is not mentioned in Ukers's book because the device was not used by many people when Ukers was alive, but the history of the French kettle can be traced back to long before Ukers published the book. In March 1852, a horsepower metalworker and a businessman jointly obtained a joint patent called the Piston filter Coffee device. The patent describes a metal can connected to a movable rod with holes in the bottom of the rod and a layer of flannel on each side. After pulling the movable rod manually, the movable rod moves in the cylindrical container. "push the lever to the bottom," the inventor wrote. "the filtered coffee is left above the lever, refreshing."

But it was not until the late 1920s, when a Milan company registered a patent for a modified version of the French kettle, that the French kettle became familiar. The company perfected the design of the kettle in the years after it was patented: in 1935 they introduced a perfect kettle with springs on the disk structure at the bottom of the piston to keep the disk flush with the bottom of the container.

This action is called French Press.

A similar coffee utensil appeared in Europe in the 1950s, but it took a long time for the French kettle to become popular in the United States, until it has been respected by coffee lovers all over the world for a long time. (until now, the Oxford English Dictionary's first definition of French press is still "an exercise that exercises and strengthens the biceps.") in the early 1980s, some Americans learned from the British to use French presses and called them cafes, while others called them "French piston coffee makers." In 1993, Florence Fabricant introduced this "French pressing method" to readers in the New York Times, which said that the press pot is the favorite device used by coffee connoisseurs. But there was a major flaw in the French kettle at the time. Florence said: "the coffee made in this way sometimes looks like mud."