Yunnan Lujiang Coffee Farm

Lujiang Farm is located in the west of Yunnan Province, 24°95′-25 ° 15 ′ N, 98°83′-98 ° 88 ′ E. Altitude 680-1000 m. It is under the jurisdiction of Longyang District of Baoshan City, adjacent to Lujiang Town and Mangkuan Dai and Yi Township. It is 542 kilometers away from Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province in the east, and 120 kilometers away from Banwa, Myanmar in the west. The expressway passes through the farm to Kunming, and the national secondary highway reaches Myitkyina, Myanmar. The transportation is very convenient. There are two airliners to Kunming and Baoshan every day, providing fast and convenient transportation for merchants from south to north.

Lujiang Farm was founded in 1955. There are 14 agricultural production teams with a total population of 3568 and 1173 employees. The land area is 19,784.35 mu, including 6500 mu of coffee planted, with an annual output of 1300 tons of commercial coffee beans, 500 mu of tropical fruits, and an annual output of 1000 tons (longan and mango). My field is the earliest place to grow coffee in China, and it is also the most famous production base of Arabica coffee in China at present. Due to its location in the subtropical monsoon climate, rainfall is less, heat is abundant, sunshine is sufficient, and various tropical fruit trees can be planted, and the quality is excellent. For example, the March mango planted in our field has good taste and high sugar content, which is a treasure in mango. The longan planted in our field has thick meat, crispness and high sugar content, which is well received by consumers. In particular, the coffee produced by my field was praised by experts at home and abroad at the Beijing tasting meeting in 1984,"excellent quality, mellow aroma, good taste, comparable to the world's excellent varieties", and won the Silver Award of the First China Agricultural Expo in October 1992. Due to the long time of coffee cultivation in my field, in the 1950s, the Canton Fair was known as "Lujiang No.1" in the London market, but in that grain-oriented era, although there were excellent coffee, the cultivation scale of coffee did not develop. The spring breeze of reform has liberated the bondage of productivity. The farm takes coffee as its main business by taking advantage of the unique natural conditions in the local area, implements co-production and remuneration, and grows coffee on a large scale. On this basis, it took the lead in implementing family farms in 1984, solved the distribution relationship between enterprises and employees, and the labor enthusiasm of employees was unprecedentedly improved. In 1985, the farm actively sought loans from the World Bank, and the production of the enterprise reached a higher level. Coffee planting scale developed rapidly. Thanks to the increase of coffee price, farm workers took advantage of local barren hills and slopes to invest in coffee planting at their own expense. Meanwhile, the increase of employees 'income also affected farmers around the farm, and they also quickly entered the tide of coffee planting. Due to the injection of World Bank funds, the bottleneck of enterprise production development has been solved, the time for enterprise development has been shortened, and the current farm coffee planting scale has been basically established. In coffee cultivation management, after years of exploration and practice, the farm summarized a set of planting techniques of "no shade, proper close planting and high yield". According to the semi-shade plants of coffee, the planting specification was adjusted to 2×1 planting specification, and the number of planting plants per mu was increased to 330 plants per mu. This laid the foundation for high and stable yield of coffee. The whole farm has reached 200 kg per mu in large area, belonging to the highest production area of coffee per mu in the world.

In coffee processing, the farm strictly controls the quality, so that coffee ripens one grain, picks one grain, and ensures that each coffee bean is mature and full. In the processing machinery, eliminate the previous coffee fresh fruit peeling machine, negotiate with the machinery manufacturer to improve the fresh fruit peeling machine, so that the mechanism damage beans to a minimum, to ensure the quality of commercial beans.

In the coffee fermentation process, two fermentation methods are adopted. 1. Hot fermentation: after peeling the fresh coffee fruit, accumulate the coffee petals in the fermentation tank to ferment naturally. After fermentation, wash the coffee slurry, turn over and dry, and enter the storage. 2. Water fermentation: After peeling the fresh fruit, put it into the fermentation tank, fill it with pool water, soak the coffee petals in water, make it ferment naturally, then wash it, dry it, and put it into the warehouse. Coffee beans fermented by water are bright in color and odorless. Today, water fermentation is generally used.

After many years of unremitting efforts, the coffee planting scale of the farm has stabilized at 6500 mu, with an annual output of 1300 tons of coffee beans. Driven and influenced by the farm, the coffee planting in Lujiang River Basin has also increased to about 30000 mu, with an annual output of 6000 tons of coffee. The coffee planting in the whole basin presents a vibrant scene. Because my field is located in the frontier remote place, the commercial information is not effective, cannot understand the coffee price fluctuation situation in time, has certain difficulty to my field and the periphery populace coffee sale, hoped that has the intention coffee producer to my field to discuss, the cooperation.