Vietnamese boutique coffee flavor characteristics taste introduction to Vietnamese coffee brands

Vietnam's geographical location is very conducive to coffee cultivation, the south of Vietnam has a hot and humid tropical climate, suitable for growing ROBUSTA coffee, and the north is suitable for growing ARABICA coffee. Coffee production in Vietnam has the following characteristics: (1) Since there is no effective method to deal with defoliation, in the early 1980s, medium-grain coffee was selected as the main variety. (2) Based on planting techniques, coffee planting methods were determined, namely, high density planting, heavy irrigation, excessive fertilization, no shade tree planting to obtain maximum yield under humid and hot climate conditions in southern Vietnam, giving full play to the production capacity of medium seed coffee. In Daklak, Gia Lai, Kontum and Dong Nai areas of Vietnam, the yield of many coffee plantations reached 3~4 tons/ha, and some plantations even reached 8~9 tons/ha. (3) Processing technology: mainly making full use of the solar drying method in the dry season of the central plateau of Vietnam to process coffee.

Vietnam coffee cultivation area is about 500,000 hectares, 10%-15% belong to state-owned enterprises and farms, 85%-90% belong to farmers and manor owners. The size of the estate is small, usually 2-5 hectares, and the large estate is about 30-50 hectares, but the number is small. Vietnamese coffee ranks second only to rice among Vietnam's exports of agricultural products. Every year, about 300,000 farmers are engaged in coffee cultivation, with a labor force of 600,000, and the labor force can reach 700,000 to 800,000 during the three-month harvest period. Therefore, the coffee industry absorbs 1.83% of the total labor force in Vietnam and 2.93% of the total agricultural labor force.

Vietnam Coffee Corporation (VINACAFE) is a 100% state-owned enterprise with 73 companies and farms. 20-25% of Vietnam's coffee production is exported annually by Vinacafe.

According to the statistics of Vietnam Coffee Association, in 2000-2001 (from October 2000 to September 2001), Vietnam exported 874676 tons of coffee from 149 enterprises, among which the three largest exporters were OLAM Company (foreign-owned enterprise, 21326 tons), DAKMAN Company (joint venture, 18076 tons) and Vinafimex Company (local enterprise, 13719 tons).

The Vietnamese Coffee Quality Standards Committee was led by the Vietnamese Coffee Association to draft Vietnamese coffee standards, which were submitted to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (now the Ministry of Science and Technology) for approval by the Vietnamese General Bureau of Standards and Quality Monitoring. [3]

process edition

Vietnamese coffee

Vietnamese coffee

In the field of coffee processing, Vietnam has only had some dilapidated processing plants since 1975, and there are several processing plants in the north, such as Tongjiao and Fukui, whose equipment was manufactured in East Germany between 1960 and 1962. In the south, the old factories left behind by former manor owners such as ROSSI, DELPHANTE, etc. are also small in scale. While expanding the coffee planting area, Vietnam also began to build new coffee processing plants, initially manufacturing some single equipment, and later copying production lines according to HANGXA model. The main manufacturers are Haiphong 51 Machinery Factory and A74 Factory of the Ministry of Industry in Sau Duc, Ho Chi Minh City. In recent years, more and more companies and farms imported equipment from Germany and Brazil to build more complete new processing plants, imported more than a dozen sets of Brazilian Pinhalense coffee processing production lines. Later, some factories began to imitate Brazilian equipment and improve their own production. In recent years, Vietnam's coffee processing capacity has been greatly improved, and it can guarantee the export of 150,000 to 200,000 tons of coffee kernels every year. In addition, there are many enterprises with insufficient equipment, which only process with a few single machines and purchase coffee that has been initially processed from farmers in order to ensure export standards. Coffee purchased from the private sector is mainly distributed by farmers through cement or soil drying. In many places farmers use small grinders to grind dried coffee into coffee kernels, which they sell to coffee buyers. This process leads to unstable product quality. The coffee produced by each company and farm is usually of good quality and beautiful appearance, such as the companies of Dole: victory (thang loi), phuoc an (phuoc an), viet duc (viet duc), buon ho (buon ho), delao (d dao), etc., which are affirmed by customers. Generally speaking, coffee sales have not been carried out according to national standards for a long time, and the quality provisions in the sales contract are very simple, which are only determined by the buyer and the seller through consultation, which fails to effectively promote the improvement of coffee quality and processing industry level.