Introduction to the producing area of Yunnan small Coffee Huaguoshan Coffee Bean Flavor description method

Introduction to the characteristics of taste producing areas for flavor description of Yunnan small-grain coffee beans

The growth and development of coffee is closely related to climatic and environmental conditions. In the areas where the wind is strong, the temperature is high, the light is strong, and the soil is easy to dry, the axillary buds of plant branches tend to differentiate into flower buds, and the growth of branches is small, which is easy to cause premature senescence. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a place with quiet wind, high humidity and short light as a garden. Small-grain coffee is a plant that needs water and is afraid of too much water. where the rainfall is less than 1400 mm, you should choose places with irrigation conditions or water conservancy facilities. the root system of coffee is very strong, and the soil drainage is poor, so drains should be added. If the soil has high sand content and poor water conservation and fertility, mulch should be used and organic fertilizer should be applied. The sloping land should be changed into terraced land in order to be suitable for planting. Dig the planting hole 2-3 months before planting, separate the topsoil from the inner soil when digging the ditch, return the topsoil to the ditch, and apply 100 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per mu, where possible, apply 2-5 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer as base fertilizer, fill the ditch with topsoil (the topsoil and base fertilizer are evenly mixed) about 15 days before planting, so as to avoid soil subsidence after planting and affect the planting of living small-grain coffee according to different varieties, pruning system, climate and soil conditions. It depends on the agricultural technical measures. The commonly used row spacing is 2 m × 1.2 m (278 plants per mu), 2 m × 1 m (333 plants per mu), 1.8 m × 2 m (185 plants per mu). The specification of 2 m × 1 m is generally adopted in Tanglang Township. Generally, it is planted after the beginning of the rainy season. Tang Lang has a higher temperature, and Rain Water is concentrated in the second half of the year. It is appropriate to plant in July-September and choose cloudy days or moist soil to ensure seedling survival. The selection of strong seedlings requires stable terminal buds, strong plant growth, well-developed roots and no diseases and insect pests. Inferior seedlings, curved roots and malformed seedlings should be eliminated. According to the different conditions and requirements of planting materials at that time, there are four different methods for planting seedlings.

Acuminate part 10-15 mm long, base cuneate or slightly obtuse, rarely rounded, entire or shallowly corrugated, both surfaces glabrous, with or without pits in lower vein axils; midrib raised on both sides of leaf blade, 7-13 on each side of lateral veins; petiole 8-15 mm long Stipules broadly triangular, pyramidal or awn-shaped at the top of young branches, often apical on old branches, several Cymes 3-6 mm long clustered in leaf axils, each inflorescence 2-5 flowers, without peduncle or with very short peduncle; flowers fragrant, with pedicels 0.5-1 mm long. Bracts basally more or less connate, dimorphic, of which 2 are broadly triangular, nearly equal in length and width, and the other 2 are lanceolate, 2 times as long as wide, leaf-shaped; calyx tube tube, 2.5-3 mm long, calyx eaves truncated or 5-denticulate; Corolla white, length varies from breed to breed, generally 10-18 mm long, apically often 5-lobed, rarely 4 or 6-lobed, lobes often longer than Corolla tube, tip often obtuse The anther protrudes outside the crown tube, 6-8 mm long; the style is 12-14 mm long, the stigma is 2-lobed, 3-4 mm long, the coffee mother tree is fully mature, the fruit is normal in shape, full and full in size, and has two-seed fruit. To remove the peel of the selected fruit, you must be careful to prevent the seeds from being damaged and affect the germination rate, and then put the peeled seeds in a ventilated and cool place to dry. After the seed shell is whitened, the seeds can be stored, and the seeds can not be exposed to the sun. Put the seeds into bamboo baskets or cloth bags and turn them once a month in the mild sun, so that the seeds stored for a long time can maintain a high germination rate. Coffee seedlings need shade conditions, so the seedling land should be selected in shady slopes and sandy soil areas with certain shade conditions and water sources. The general method of seedling preparation is adopted to dig and loosen the soil into a seedbed and then sow seeds. According to sowing 1kg seeds, 1.5m2 seedbed is needed, and there are about 3500-4000 seeds per kilogram. If the emergence rate is more than 80%, 2500-3000 seedlings can be transferred. Before sowing, the seeds can be soaked in 40 ℃ warm water for 12 hours, and the effect is the best.