Yunnan Coffee Bean picking season schedule introduction of varieties in Yunnan Coffee producing areas

Professional coffee knowledge exchange more coffee bean information please follow the coffee workshop (Wechat official account cafe_style)

In recent years, Yunnan coffee beans, a single producing area, have been active in the boutique coffee market. For example, most of the coffee beans grown by Chinese people in China are Yunnan coffee beans. Although the quality of Yunnan coffee beans as a new show still can not be guaranteed, Qianjie Coffee thinks its potential is infinite, so Qianjie Coffee has also set up a coffee plantation in Baoshan, Yunnan Province. Well, in this next article, Qianjie Coffee will share with you about the maturity of Yunnan coffee beans, as well as the varieties and taste characteristics of Yunnan coffee beans.

When are Yunnan coffee beans ripe?

First of all, we need to know that the boutique coffee beans on the market currently refer to Arabica coffee beans, which have the best flavor, but they have a characteristic that they grow yo-yo above sea level. The higher the altitude, the richer their flavor, but they can not suffer frost. According to common sense, for every 500m above sea level, the temperature will drop 0.6 degrees Celsius, coffee fruit as a crop. The higher the altitude, the later the maturity.

Therefore, according to the experience of Qianjie Coffee growing coffee in Yunnan, the coffee trees in the low-altitude areas of Yunnan probably began to bear fruit from early to mid-September, while the plantations of Qianjie coffee will not mature until November because of the high altitude.

Besides, everyone knows that coffee is a short-day plant. Therefore, it has the characteristics of multiple flowering and concentrated florescence. The florescence of small seed coffee in Yunnan is from February to July, and the flowering period is from March to May. The flowering of coffee is greatly affected by climate, especially rainfall and temperature. Coffee flowers have a short life span of only 2-3 days. Small seed coffee usually opens at 3: 5 in the morning, and it takes a long time for the fruit to bloom from 5 to 7 in the morning. It takes 8 to 10 months for the fruit of small seed coffee to mature, usually from October to December of the year. Rainfall has a great influence on fruit development, and climatic conditions directly affect fruit. So normally a coffee tree only bears fruit once a year.

What kind of coffee beans are in Yunnan?

What kind of coffee beans are in Yunnan? Qianjie Coffee mentioned above that as a boutique coffee, all coffee varieties are Arabica coffee beans, and Yunnan is no exception, such as Katim, Tippika, Bourbon, Kaddura, Kaduai and other common varieties, but senior coffee lovers all know that the most common Yunnan coffee on the market is Katim varieties. For example, Yunnan small grain coffee in the coffee market almost all refers to Yunnan Katim coffee beans.

Although these varieties are all related to Arabica, such as Iron pickup, Bourbon, Kaddura, and Kaduai are all derived from Arabica, Katim is a hybrid of Robusta and Arabica. Next, let's introduce these varieties of Qianjie Coffee.

Iron pickup coffee beans

The most classic high-quality Arabica species, at present, many commercial improvements are derived from this. Iron pickup coffee beans have excellent taste and are recognized as a boutique coffee variety, but the yield is very low and vulnerable to rust, so more manpower management is needed. Iron pickup coffee beans are native to Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan and are the most widely cultivated variety of coffee in the Western Hemisphere. The plant is stronger, but not light-tolerant, and the yield is higher in Hawaii. The top leaf of the iron pickup is red copper, which is called red top coffee.

Bourbon coffee beans

The variety, derived from the iron pickup coffee beans, was expanded by the French in 1708 on the island of Bourbon (now known as Reunion). Bobang also has a beautiful aroma and rich flavor, which is higher in yield and growth than iron pickup trucks. It is suitable for planting in an area of 1200 million meters, but it is less resistant to diseases and insect pests and is more sensitive to strong winds and heavy precipitation. Bourbon coffee is a variety of small-grain coffee second only to iron pickup. At first, the main branch and trunk grew upward at 45 degrees, and with the fruit load, the lateral branches were denser, the fruit was more, and the yield was higher. But the berries are smaller and ripen more slowly. Bobang terminal bud tender leaves are green, called green top coffee.

Kaddura coffee beans

Kaddura, a single gene variant of bourbon, was found in Brazil in 1937. It has better production capacity and disease resistance than bourbon, and the tree is shorter and easy to harvest. Unfortunately, like bourbon, it has the periodic problem of production capacity fluctuation every two years. But its flavor is comparable to or slightly worse than bourbon beans, more importantly, it is super adaptable, it does not need shade trees, and it can also be vibrant in direct exposure to the sun. it is commonly known as exposure coffee, which can adapt to high-density planting, but it must be fertilized more and increase the cost. therefore, the acceptance of coffee farmers is not high in the initial stage.

Kaduai coffee beans

Kaduai is a hybrid of Arabica and Kaddura (New World). It has a good ability to resist natural disasters, especially wind and rain. It inherits the advantages of Kaddura's low stature and changes Mondonwood's shortcomings. Another advantage is that the result is solid, and it is not easy to fall off when the strong wind blows, which makes up for the weakness of Arabica fruit, but the overall flavor is more monotonous than Kaddura, monotonous and less mellow, which is the greatest pity. In addition, the fruit growth and harvest life is only about ten years, and the short life span is also one of the weaknesses.

Katim coffee beans

Katim is not pure Arabica pedigree, it is a hybrid of Timor (which belongs to Robbsta) and caturra (a variety of bourbon), so catimor has 25% Robbsta pedigree, and its Robusta pedigree also determines its taste defects: the aroma is not rich enough, and the overall taste is bitter, prone to astringent and more irritating mildew.

Among them, the varieties of Qianjie coffee planted in Baoshan, Yunnan Province are mainly iron pickup varieties, which is also because Qianjie Coffee thinks that if you want to change the idea that most people think Yunnan coffee is not good, we must start from the root. Now Yunnan coffee numbly relies on special treatment to quickly change the bad flavor of coffee, resulting in consumers' inherent impression that "Yunnan can only be drunk by special treatment."

But in fact, this is not the case, because the root of a delicious coffee bean lies in the original flavor of this coffee bean. since this is the case, we must start with the producing areas and coffee varieties that affect the flavor of the coffee bean itself. therefore, Qianjie Coffee chose the iron card varieties of coffee beans to show the charm of Yunnan coffee beans, because the iron pickup card coffee has its unique quiet and clean flavor, as well as balanced characteristics. The taste is clean, which can not be done by special treatment. Whether the coffee is good or not ultimately depends on the variety of coffee beans. after all, special treatment will not be a long-term solution.

Yunnan coffee bean treatment method

Therefore, Qianjie coffee is also the most traditional method of washing Yunnan coffee beans, because it can make the flavor of coffee beans cleaner and refreshing, wash off the defective flavor, and show the most primitive flavor of coffee beans. therefore, water washing is also the favorite treatment of Qianjie coffee. Through water treatment, unripe beans and defective beans will be selected because of buoyancy, and the fermentation process is easier to control, so the flavor is not like sun beans, but shows obvious sour, slightly more complex and cleaner flavor.

The above is the popular science about the maturity of Yunnan coffee beans and the varieties and taste characteristics of Yunnan coffee beans. Then Qianjie Coffee will share the brewing flavor of the following two Yunnan coffee beans to everyone.

Qianjie coffee Yunnan Huaguoshan coffee beans

Country: China

Producing area: Baoshan, Yunnan

Altitude: 1450-1550m

Variety: iron pickup

Treatment: washing treatment

Flavor: citrus, nuts, plums, melon and fruit, brown sugar, black tea

Qianjie Coffee the difference between Yunnan Huaguoshan coffee beans and Yunnan Xiaoguo beans is that Huaguoshan is a variety of iron pickup, while Yunnan Xiaoguo is Katim, in fact, these two beans can be called small-grained coffee, but because the acid of Tippi card flower fruit is softer and richer, it is specially chosen to distinguish the two varieties of beans in the name of Huaguoshan.

Qianjie Coffee Yunnan small Coffee beans (rations beans)

Country: China

Producing area: Baoshan, Yunnan

Altitude: 1200m

Variety: Katim

Treatment: washing treatment

Flavor: herbs, nutty, chocolate, caramel

Yunnan small-grain coffee refers to the small-grain coffee cultivated in Yunnan. Coffee is a small evergreen tree of Rubiaceae, native to Africa. At present, small-grain coffee and medium-grain coffee are mainly cultivated as beverage plants. The small-grain coffee cultivated in Yunnan, China traditionally refers to the mixed population of bourbon variety and iron pickup variety.

Qianjie Coffee Yunnan Coffee beans hand-brewed suggestion

Because the two beans are from Yunnan and the baking degree is moderate, the V60 conical filter cup is recommended in Qianjie. V60 cup mouth is relatively large, coupled with its unique spiral curve ribs, so that the air can be discharged more easily to improve the extraction quality. The taste may not be thick enough, but its high concentration brings out the acidity and obvious aroma of Yunnan coffee is one of its major features.

Filter cup: V60

Water temperature: 90-92 ℃

Powder / water ratio: 1:15

Degree of grinding: medium and fine grinding, that is, the thickness of fine sugar (VARIO 50: 57% pass rate of Chinese standard No. 20 screen)

Flushing and cooking technique: segmented extraction.

Steam with 30 grams of water for 30 seconds, small flow circle injection to 124 grams, continue to inject water to 227 grams when the water level is about to be exposed to the powder bed, remove the filter cup when the water level is about to expose the powder bed, and the extraction time is 2 minutes.

Huaguoshan cooking flavor description: strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, flower fragrance, sweet melon in the middle, black tea feeling at the end.

Yunnan small grain cooking flavor description: supple entrance, Asian herbal aroma, lively and bright sour taste, both cheeks, soft sour, mellow balance, rich layers, Yuyun dark chocolate, honey, sucrose flavor, brown sugar flavor after complete cooling.

For more boutique coffee beans, please add private Qianjie coffee on Wechat. WeChat account: kaixinguoguo0925