Coffee growing areas in Yunnan, history of coffee in Yunnan

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In 1892, French missionaries planted a coffee tree seedling on the land of Zhukula in the small mountain village, and China has been predestined to coffee since then.

At the end of the 19th century, missionaries came to Dali Binchuan Yupao River this small mountain village built on the mountain, the whole village is covered by green trees, in front of the village is layers of different shades of green terraces, far away can also see hanging clouds in the sky.

Missionaries built a church with blue tiles and white walls here, and planted coffee seedlings outside the church.

Coffee seedlings came to Yunnan, as if to find the feeling of home, immediately adapted to the red plateau altitude, soil, temperature, precipitation, slowly bred into a coffee forest.

During the Republic of China, local villagers liked coffee with missionaries. Until today, coffee is still served to guests in this remote southwest rural area of China. They will roast it in their own large iron pan, then grind the coffee powder on the stone mill, and finally wrap it in gauze and boil it in a teapot just like Turkish coffee.

This is how isolated villages become associated with coffee.

In 1887, after the end of the Sino-French War, the Qing government signed a contract with France and was forced to open Yunnan Mengzi as a treaty port. This was Yunnan's earliest treaty port and soon attracted foreign businessmen. French, British, American, Japanese, Italian, German and Greek foreign companies landed here one after another.

The "Dian-Yue Railway Bar" located at the Dian-Yue Railway Station was the product of this time.

Although it is called a bar, it actually sells coffee, a practice that comes from France, where cafes are characterized by a mixture of cafes and bistros.

This is only the beginning of the future popularity of Mengzi coffee. In 1938, Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University formed the famous National Southwest United University and moved south to Kunming. Due to the shortage of school buildings, the College of Arts and Law were moved to Mengzi. At that time, Wen Yiduo, Chen Yinke, Chen Daisun, Qian Mu, Wu Mi, Zheng Tianting and other famous scholars all lived in Gelushi Hotel on the south lake side of Mengzi.

The "South American Cafe" opened by Vietnamese expatriates living here is one of the favorite cafes for students of the United Nations General Assembly. It is said that a Vietnamese girl played the single-stringed zither here and attracted many admirers.

In 1949, when the People's Republic of China was founded, the villagers of Zhukula were still growing coffee and drinking coffee. At that time, a catty of coffee could be exchanged for two catties of salt, so village chief Li Fusheng mobilized villagers to plant coffee in large areas, with coffee trees up to 60 mu at most.

However, in addition to exchanging salt and supplying Binchuan Taihe Farm, Zhukula is no longer known to outsiders.

In the 1950s, Liang Jinshan, a patriotic overseas Chinese, returned home hoping to promote coffee cultivation. He also introduced new coffee seedlings from South Asia. With his financial support, Yunnan technicians cultivated high-yield Lujiangba Arabica coffee. He also sent his coffee samples to his old friend He Xiangning, who replied after receiving them: "The coffee tastes excellent. Thank you very much for your hospitality."

In the mid-1950s, Yunnan coffee cultivation area once reached 4000 hectares. Unfortunately, after the 1960s, Sino-Soviet relations broke down and 4000 mu of coffee plantations were artificially abandoned or replanted with other crops.

Until the end of the "**", only the roadside of the Burma Road, or the courtyard of the farm, can still see the shadow of coffee trees in Yunnan. Due to geographical reasons, 24 coffee trees planted by missionaries have been preserved in the remote village of Zhugula.

These coffee saplings have been sleeping quietly, waiting for someone to wake them up.

At the end of 1980s, a group of multinational groups entered Yunnan and finally revived Yunnan coffee planting. By the end of 1997, Yunnan coffee planting area had reached 7800 hectares, accounting for 83% of the country's output. During this period, China's economy developed rapidly and gradually integrated into the global economic system. The small Yunnan coffee beans were witnesses.

Now 100 years have passed, Yunnan Arabica coffee has been planted on a large scale in Lincang, Baoshan, Simao, Xishuangbanna, Dehong and other prefectures. Arabica coffee is mostly planted in dry and hot valleys at an altitude of about 1100 meters, so the acidity is moderate, the aroma is rich and mellow.

Yunnan's unique environment, the quality of small coffee produced excellent. Concentrated but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, well-proportioned particles, mellow and rich, and with fruit flavor and famous at home and abroad.

After inspecting Yunnan coffee planting and primary processing bases, experts from the International Coffee Organization evaluated Yunnan coffee as Colombia wet-processed Arabica coffee, which is the highest quality coffee in the world.

While coffee planting area and output are growing rapidly, coffee enterprises are also growing synchronously. Wang Pinghua introduced that the province's coffee primary processing capacity exceeds 150,000 tons and the intensive processing capacity exceeds 20,000 tons. The annual production capacity of instant coffee powder of Dehong Hougu Coffee Co., Ltd. has reached 13000 tons, which is the largest instant coffee powder production enterprise in China. Yunnan Aini Group and Starbucks have established a joint venture company, marking another substantial step forward in the internationalization of Yunnan coffee.

According to reports, China is one of the countries with the fastest growth in coffee consumption in the world, and the market space is huge. The Agriculture Department of Yunnan Province has formulated a plan to enhance the brand influence of "Cloud Coffee," and will speed up the establishment of standardized and ecological coffee parks, promote the construction of modern coffee estates, strengthen the identification of provincial coffee leading enterprises, and promote the quality improvement, efficiency enhancement and transformation and upgrading of coffee industry from many aspects.