Characteristics, uses and Origin of Ugandan Coffee & production Survey of Coffee products in Uganda over the years

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Uganda is a landlocked country in East Africa and is known as the "Pearl of Africa". Because of the dependent colonial economy, coffee accounts for most of the export income.

Coffee characteristics

Coffee beans are a commodity in global trading volume second only to crude oil. The rise and fall of prices are related to the political and economic stability of coffee-producing countries. For decades, coffee beans have been the most speculative commodity in the world. Generally speaking, it takes two to three years for coffee trees to bear fruit and five to six years for coffee to be harvested. Therefore, it is suitable for small farmers with limited funds to operate and avoid investment risks and losses.

There are about 40 varieties of coffee beans in the world, the common coffee ARABICA coffee grows in high altitude areas, the flavor is more rich, is a better coffee variety, ROBUSTA coffee grows in low altitude areas, easier to grow, caffeine content is also higher.

Coffee use

Coffee is used as a beverage. Most of the ground coffee used in Europe and the United States is ARABICA coffee, while ROBUSTA coffee is mainly made into instant coffee, which is a relatively cheap coffee.

Coffee producing area & output

Coffee is widely distributed in South America, Central America, the West Indies, Asia, Africa, Arabia, the South Pacific and Oceania. In terms of production, Brazil ranks first in the world, accounting for about 1/3 of the world, followed by Colombia, accounting for about 15 per cent of the world, followed by Africa (including C ô te d'Ivoire, Uganda, Kenya, etc.), Arabia, and distributed in Asian countries and islands.

ARABICA coffee is mainly produced in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Guatemala Mara, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and other countries, mainly concentrated in Central and South America, Brazil is the most important producer of ARABICA coffee.

ROBUSTA coffee production is concentrated in Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, India and other countries.

Coffee supply & demand

Most of the coffee importing countries are developed countries, and the largest coffee importing countries in the world are the United States, Germany, Japan, South Korea, France and other countries, accounting for about half of the global coffee consumption. In addition, Brazil is also a major consumer, with annual per capita coffee consumption close to that of European countries.

The main exporters of coffee are Brazil, Colombia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Mexico, Uganda and other developing countries. As the trade barriers to coffee are lower than those of other agricultural products, and international organizations also encourage developing countries to grow coffee, poor countries are allowed to join the cultivation process.

Factors affecting the price of coffee

1. Climate, diseases and insect pests in the producing area

two。 Seasonal factors

3. International demand and supply

4. Government policies and International Coffee Organization measures

General situation of production and marketing of coffee products in Uganda over the years

Year

Output

Unit: thousand packs (60kg each)

Export volume

Unit: thousand packs (60kg each)

Year 2001

3265

2917

2002

2756

3150

2003

2745

2680

2004

2694

2520

2005

2175

2500

2006

2905

2000

2007

3490

2700

2008

3260

3210

2009

2870

3050

2010

3212

2670

2011

3075

3150

2012

3350

3000

2013

3500

3200

2014

2015

2016