Classification of coffee making methods? How to make coffee by hand? How do I use the American coffee maker? Beauty

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Classification of coffee making methods? How to make coffee by hand? How do I use the American coffee maker? Instructions for the use of American coffee maker?

Italian concentration

Espresso (Espresso) is the fastest way to extract coffee, and the equipment is the most expensive, ranging from more than 10,000 to hundreds of thousands, which is tantamount to parking a car on the table.

In hot water of about 90 degrees Celsius, about 9 atmospheric pressure (bar) is made of compacted coffee pressed powder, usually only 30 milliliters in weight, with a floating reddish-brown foam oil (Crema), which has the characteristics of fast brewing and high concentration, and needs to be cooked by a special machine.

When coffee powder comes into contact with 90C hot water, it releases carbon dioxide, as well as essential substances such as oils and spices in coffee powder. Because carbon dioxide has its own gas pressure, water also has its surface tension, and high-pressure water at nine atmospheric pressures happens to have a gas pressure equal to carbon dioxide, so it allows water to enclose carbon dioxide, the essence of coffee beans, to form Crema.

Italian coffee utensils

Italian coffee machine: it is recommended to buy at least 10,000 yuan from a large factory, and the quality is guaranteed.

Bean grinder: the choice of blade type is very important. The bean grinder is even more important than the coffee machine itself, affecting the quality of the ground coffee powder.

Foam steel cup: it is necessary to draw flowers with milk foam. It is recommended to choose twice the capacity of the coffee cup.

Thermometer, measuring cup, timer: due to the extremely fast extraction speed, a slight data difference will have a great impact on the flavor.

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Characteristics of Italian coffee

The extraction speed is extremely fast: the average speed of a cup of coffee is 30 seconds, the steps are simple, making a set of SOP is easy to learn, and it has become the preferred brewing method for almost all chain coffee chains.

Variety: direct consumption of espresso is common in Italy (according to statistics, Italians drink an average of seven different forms of coffee a day). In Taiwan, espresso is mostly made into fancy coffee such as latte, macchiato, cappuccino and so on.

Expensive equipment: Italian coffee eats more equipment than skill. Unlike hand-brewed coffee, coffee machines with poor boilers and poor pumps are difficult to brew a good cup of Espresso.

Unable to show the characteristics of coffee beans: Italian coffee emphasizes rapid extraction, so it destroys the original uniqueness of coffee to some extent. Most stores will choose their own way to make comprehensive coffee beans, in order to show the characteristics of their own espresso.

Hand-made coffee

In an era when all kinds of coffee machines are springing up everywhere, hand-brewing coffee with simple utensils and hand-feeling skills is like a clear stream of going back to nature, expanding from Japan, which pursues exquisite culture, and fascinates many coffee experts and life experts. Hand-brewed coffee, as the name implies, is to pour hot water on the coffee powder and extract the coffee through filter paper and filter cup. the whole brewing process is about 3 to 4 minutes. As the flow rate, direction and temperature of the hot water are all controlled by the brewer, the flavor of the coffee brewed is different almost every time. Although the appliance is simple, it pays great attention to technique and experience.

Hand-brewed coffee utensils

Bean grinder: freshly ground coffee is the freshest, and the particle size and evenness of coffee powder are also the key to affect the flavor of hand-brewed coffee. The powder particles suitable for hand-brewed coffee are about the size of No. 2 sugar. The more uniform the particles are, the better the taste of the brewed coffee is.

Filter paper: different filter cups have their own suitable filter paper. Filter paper can absorb some of the smell and oil of coffee, and unbleached filter paper may have some paper smell.

Hand punch: there are hand punch pots of all sizes and materials on the market, which can be selected according to your needs. It is the size of the spout that will affect the cooking results, because it is related to the amount of water. Beginners generally recommend using a small kettle (as shown below), which is easier to control. In addition, each hand punch pot is suitable for different heating methods (induction cooker or gas stove), so you should pay special attention when buying it.

Filter cup: the size and material of the filter cup are also different, mainly divided into three shapes: fan-shaped, tapered and wavy filter cup. The size of the filter diameter at the bottom of the filter cup will affect the flow rate of coffee extraction, and then affect the flavor of coffee. The fan-shaped filter cup has the advantages of small filter diameter, slow flow rate and mellow taste; the cone-shaped filter cup has large filter diameter, fast flow rate and light taste; the wavy filter cup has a flat bottom with special wave filter paper, which makes the coffee taste the most uniform. What is more special is the metal filter cup, which does not need to be used with filter paper, which can retain more coffee oil and taste thicker, but some finer coffee powder may not be filtered out.

Coffee pot and coffee cup: used to hold filtered coffee, it is best to heat it up to maintain the coffee temperature.

Assistive devices: electronic scales, thermometers and timers can make the coffee brewing process more accurate.

Characteristics of hand-brewed coffee

The extraction speed is fast and efficient: compared with other coffee brewing methods, hand-brewed coffee continues to have fresh hot water passing through the coffee powder in the process of extracting coffee, which is faster and can extract more substances from the surface of coffee. But it is also because of its high speed and poor control, which may lead to excessive extraction. This is the same as frying fish in a pan over high heat. The fish has a large heating area, but if it is not well controlled, it may be scorched.

There are many influencing factors: although only a few minutes of the process, but including water flow rate, water temperature, coffee powder particles, filter cup shape and so on will affect the final flavor of coffee, need to be fully studied and prepared before brewing.

Coffee flavor diversity: the flavor of coffee is different under different conditions, and different kinds of beans are suitable for different conditions.

When you see this, you may think that making coffee by hand is complicated and skillful, and it doesn't seem to be so easy to use. Yes, making coffee by hand is certainly more difficult than making coffee with a coffee machine, but just like buying your own flour and kneading dough, every detail can be controlled by you, and the flavor of the coffee is naturally unique. And by adjusting the various factors, you can try all kinds of possible flavors of coffee, which is the charm of hand-brewed coffee!

Children of hand-made items-filter-hanging coffee

The mini version of the hand-flushing method is convenient, fast and cheap. Although it can show less aroma and fragrance than hand-brewed coffee, it is an ideal choice to have a cup of coffee when you are busy.

Before drinking a single item, know how to handle coffee beans.

Siphon type

The siphon pot (Siphon), which originated in Germany, is a tool that uses the pressure caused by boiling water to make coffee. The siphon pot is constructed as an upper and lower pot connected by a pipe in the middle, and the lower pot filled with hot water will first be heated by an alcohol lamp or a gas lamp. Because at 1 atmospheric pressure, the volume ratio of 1 gram of liquid water to 1 gram of water vapor is 1100, when the volume of steam in the kettle increases with temperature, the liquid water can be easily pushed through the conduit to the upper pot filled with filter cloth and coffee powder, and the water will continue to be supported by a continuous stream of steam on the pot.

When the heating stops, the air in the lower pot gradually cools and shrinks, while the coffee liquid that has been soaked in hot water in the upper pot will flow back to the lower pot because it has lost the support of steam, and the coffee grounds will be blocked by a filter cloth and left in the upper pot. Finally, remove the upper pot and you can enjoy the coffee in the lower pot.

Siphon kettle appliance

Characteristics of siphon coffee

Full-bodied taste: combined with the full-bodied Italian coffee and the distinct layers of hand-brewed coffee, it is suitable for brewing individual coffee.

Beautiful utensils: like alchemy, scientific experiments like cooking utensils, put indoors is also a kind of alternative decoration and taste.

Difficult to operate: because the coffee powder will be scorched when the water temperature is too high, the coffee powder will taste bitter, soaking for a long time will produce astringent taste, and excessive stirring will produce sour taste, so the siphon pot needs considerable experience to be able to use the appropriate tool.

Mocha pot

The mocha pot, also known as the stove-top Italian coffee pot, can make perfect coffee using basic physical principles. There are three compartments in the mocha pot, one for water, one for coffee powder, and one for brewed coffee.

The mocha pot is heated on the stove to steam the water, increase the pressure in the bottom compartment, push the water up over the fine grains of coffee, and finally into the upper compartment. When the coffee fills the upper compartment, it can be poured out. The pressure in the inner compartment of the mocha pot is small and will only accumulate to 1.5bar, which is much lower than the 9bar pressure achieved by traditional Italian coffee. However, this coffee pot has a simple design and can make good coffee, so it is widely welcomed by the general public.

Alfonso. Alfonso Bialetti, who invented the mocha pot in the 1930s, is said to have been inspired by watching his wife wash clothes. The early washing machine came with a bucket of soapy water, which had to be boiled over the fire. Then the water is pushed out of the pipe and drenched on the dirty clothes. Bialeti's coffee maker uses the same principle, but his design hasn't changed much so far. Since its inception in 1933, the mocha pot has sold 300 million units worldwide and has become a must-have equipment for coffee lovers around the world.

Characteristics of mocha pot

Concentration: between espresso and siphon coffee.

Easy to carry: people who like to go up the mountain and go to the sea must be able to exercise and crash, and can brew coffee of good quality. It is better to have a good cup of coffee in the beautiful scenery of the mountains, and the trace above is the struggle it has experienced with you.

Safety: because of the pressure, we should pay attention to the control of the alcohol lamp when cooking, and the water in the pot can not flood the pressure relief valve.

Other cooking methods

American Coffee Machine & automatic Coffee Machine

The most common American coffee machine is easy to operate and should be used by anyone. Compared with other brewing methods, the quality of the brewed coffee is poor and the taste is monotonous.

A simple and convenient electric drip coffee machine

If you want to make your own ground coffee, the electric drip coffee machine is a good entry choice, because it is fast and convenient. (this article is Flickr version, you can click the link directly to Flickr album, there will be a new high-quality photo browsing experience.) IMG_2445_ results

The Philips coffee machine (Cafe Compact) at home has a history of more than 20 years and is still in operation. The photo is in storage mode, which takes up the least space at this time. This kind of home appliance is called Coffee Maker (or Drip Coffee Maker, Drip Brewers) in English. For some reason, it is called "American coffee machine" in Taiwan, but the word "American Style" does not appear on the special page of Wikipedia at all.

This is a retractable drip pipe, and hot water will flow out from the outlet during operation.

The other side of the thermal insulation plate is the metal boiler hidden inside the machine.

Filter cup and filter screen, the two should be used together.

The filter cup is designed to temporarily store water, and two small holes at the bottom are used to control the flow (the strainer and the powder themselves limit the flow), so that the coffee powder can drop the coffee liquid after soaking and extraction.

The very fine mesh can be reused with plastic filter (Glocken Filter 411), which is called permanent filter (permanent filter) by the factory and made by Made in W. Germany). Yes, it was a product before the fall of the Berlin Wall.

This is a cold water tank, injected with an appropriate amount of filtered water, and the inner edge is marked with a scale, represented by the number of cups.

The coffee particles in the mill are much larger than the mesh, and the design of this filter mesh can be loaded directly without filter paper, which is very environmentally friendly. If it is a machine without a permanent filter screen, you need one more procedure to install filter paper.

All the accessories are positioned, press the switch and start making coffee!

The water boils through a small, hot boiler and rushes up the conduit, and hot water flows out of the outlet very quickly. The filter cup is covered with an opening and a sunken buffer, which also has the effect of controlling flow.

The flow rate is controlled by design, so hot water comes out from time to time and does not continue to flow out, simulating the intermittent pouring of water. As the photo shows, the coffee powder has begun to wet.

As I just said, the filter cup, filter mesh and coffee powder themselves will limit the flow, so it can produce stagnant water, when the coffee powder has been completely soaked in hot water.

The glass coffee pot underneath receives the dripping coffee liquid. A pot was broken many years ago, when a new product was replaced with 500 yuan.

The coffee powder residue, filter cup and filter screen all need to be cleaned.

When you enter the drinking mode, the top cover can be used for a glass coffee pot, together with the insulation plate below, to maintain the coffee temperature. If you have just spilled coffee, it is best to drink it while it is fresh.

By the way, take a look at the inside of the machine. The machine is made in the Netherlands. The model Philips HD 5176A consumes 600W of electricity.

To open the bottom shell of the machine, you only need to loosen two screws.

The internal structure is very simple. The AC power supply is supplied to the small boiler at the bottom of the photo. It functions as an electric heater. Water enters and exits through the conduit. Cold water enters the boiler with small capacity. 600W power allows a small amount of water to boil immediately, and the hot water produced is sprayed out of the outlet pipe.

There are some electronic parts connected in series on the line, which are responsible for short-circuit protection and temperature control.

The advantage of the electric drip coffee machine is that you can just grind the beans and leave the rest to the machine. Because there are few adjustable parameters (only beans and grinding thickness), so it is relatively stable and does not fail, basically anyone can quickly and easily enjoy a cup of ground coffee.

Capsule coffee machine

No matter how powerful milk powder is, it will not taste better than fresh milk. This is a matter of logic. Don't be brainwashed by the evil bird's nest card.