Introduction to the ranking Variety Information of Yunnan Coffee producing areas the characteristics of flavor and taste of hand-made Yunnan small-grain coffee beans

Yunnan coffee as a dark horse of domestic coffee, Yunnan coffee beans have been refreshed by everyone in recent years, and it turns out that China can also produce good coffee. It is understood that few people in China know that Yunnan in China is actually a coffee producing area, because the hit movie "coming Home at one Point" starred by Liu Haoran set off a stream of "Pu'er Coffee".

According to Qianjie, the natural conditions of Pu'er producing areas in Yunnan are very similar to those in Colombia. Pu'er coffee producing areas happen to be located in the golden zone of coffee cultivation in the world. Coffee-growing areas in countries such as Brazil, Vietnam and Indonesia are all located between the Tropic of Cancer.

Compared with other areas in China, the altitude of Pu'er producing area is at an altitude of 1000-2000 meters, which is mainly mountainous, with large ups and downs, fertile soil, sufficient sunshine, rich rainfall and large temperature difference between day and night. The advantaged natural conditions are very suitable for growing small-grain coffee in Yunnan. The Yunnan small grain coffee produced here is also very good in flavor.

In addition to Pu'er producing areas, Yunnan coffee is also grown in other distribution areas of Yunnan. Let me give you a brief introduction on Qianjie.

Dehong

Coffee in Dehong Prefecture has a history of one hundred years, and it is one of the earliest areas in China to introduce coffee. Small-grain coffee was introduced from Myanmar for sporadic cultivation as early as 1914, and commercial cultivation began after a successful trial of 6 mu of coffee in 1953. And successfully registered the geographical indication of "Dehong Coffee" and was awarded the honorary title of "hometown of Chinese Coffee".

At present, the planting area of coffee in the prefecture has reached 275800 mu, the production area has reached 140000 mu, the output of dried coffee beans has reached 28000 tons, realizing agricultural output value of 616 million yuan and industrial output value of 800 million yuan. Dehong is also the only national leading enterprise in the coffee industry, Hougu Coffee production area.

The coffee planting in Dehong Prefecture is above 1000 meters above sea level, of which 30, 000 mu is planted in the mountains above 1600 meters above sea level. In addition, the coffee grown in Dehong Prefecture mainly uses organic fertilizers and organic pesticides, resulting in excellent coffee quality. it is one of the rare high-quality coffee producing areas in the world.

Lincang

Because of its unique geographical location and climatic conditions, Lincang has become the focus of many coffee enterprises, and 200 mu and 100 mu of high-quality coffee breeding bases have been established in Mengding Town and Lincang Happy Farm in Gengma Autonomous County of the city. coffee is planted in Gengma, Zhenkang, Yun County, Cangyuan, Yongde and other places. Up to now, 96 coffee nursery gardens have been built in Lincang, covering an area of 1570 mu, with 67.19 million bred coffee seedlings, with a planting area of 203000 mu and a coffee planting area of 260000 mu. Qianjie Coffee also has its own coffee farm in Lincang area.

Qianjie started a coffee planting experiment in Lincang as early as 2013, planting a variety of iron pickup, which is the first Guyou Arabica species to enter Yunnan. The agricultural cycle is a long process, which takes 5-6 years from breeding to the first fruit. in 2018, the first tin card trees planted in Qianjie began to bear fruit. 200 kilograms of raw beans were harvested in 2020 and 21 years ago. Because the quantity is small, Qianjie gives new and old customers a taste of fresh beans. By 2021 / 22, Qianjie harvested 600 kilograms of raw beans. If you want to taste the coffee grown in Qianjie, you can come to the store to taste it or buy it at Taobao. This coffee bean is roasted moderately in front of the street, and the coffee flavor is characterized by plums, brown sugar and nuts.

Baoshan

The cultivation of coffee in Baoshan began in the mid-1950s, and the first coffee seedling was introduced by the late patriotic overseas Chinese Mr. Liang Jinshan in Southeast Asia. The local famous Lujiangba small grain coffee is of high quality. It was rated as first class in London, England as early as the late 1950s.

In recent years, with the expansion of international trade, Lujiangba's small-grain coffee is more famous. Merchants in Europe, the United States, Egypt, Hong Kong and Macao, especially in Britain, the United States, Egypt, Hong Kong and Macao all regard it as the best coffee, and the products are in short supply. In December 2010, after being examined and approved by the General Administration of quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China, it was decided to implement the protection of national geographical indication products for "Baoshan small Coffee".

If you want to say which kind of coffee in Yunnan can represent the basic flavor of Yunnan, Qianjie thinks it is Baoshan's washed Katim coffee. Baoshan Coffee is an excellent coffee producing area in Yunnan. Baoshan Lujiangba is 1300m above sea level, which is suitable for coffee growth. Katim coffee accounts for 99% of Yunnan's output, and washing can best reflect the flavor of coffee beans. Therefore, the washing Katim in Baoshan is also the representative of Yunnan food rations and beans in Qianjie.

Because Yunnan coffee is mainly grown on steep slopes to harvest all red fruit is very labor-intensive, even if the price is very high, it is difficult to find people who are willing to pick coffee fruit. On the other hand, the maturity is significantly improved after branch thinning and yield reduction, which greatly reduces the difficulty of harvest, and coffee farmers are more willing to cultivate intensively in exchange for better income.

Another curious question is what kind of coffee beans are grown in Yunnan's climate. For example, Kaddura and Kaduai are grown in many parts of Central America, bourbon coffee is grown in Brazil, and iron pickup is grown in Jamaican Blue Mountain coffee.

According to Qianjie, Yunnan now grows more Katim varieties, but people who know more about Yunnan coffee will also find that Yunnan still grows a small amount of iron pickup and bourbon coffee. These two ancient coffee varieties are the elders of Yunnan coffee varieties. Because Qianjie learned that the variety of iron pickup was introduced in Yunnan at the beginning, but the iron pickup was easy to be affected by leaf rust, and the yield was low, so the farmers were very reluctant to plant it, because the coffee trees needed at least three or four years from planting to sowing. The low-yield tin truck harvest could not maintain the livelihood of the local people at all, while the high-yield Katim coffee was naturally more favored by the farmers. In addition, Katim Coffee has the genes of Arabica Coffee and Robusta Coffee, which inherits Robusta's disease resistance, and the extracted coffee oil is also very rich.

There is also about the treatment of Yunnan coffee beans, because of Yunnan's perennial rainy season, the climate is unstable, so Yunnan is not suitable for sun treatment, more is the use of water washing treatment of raw coffee beans. For the coffee fruit treated with water, the defective beans and impurities are removed first, and then the peel and pulp are removed by peeling machine, and then placed in water washing and fermentation for about 18 hours, because the fermentation process of water washing treatment is easier to control. therefore, the flavor is not like sun beans have miscellaneous flavor, but show obvious fruit acid, but the flavor richness will also be slightly weaker.

Qianjie uses a three-stage method to boil this Yunnan coffee bean. first, steam the Yunnan coffee beans with 30 grams of water for 30 seconds. when the small water flow is injected around the circle to 124 grams, it is divided into sections, and when the water level is about to expose the powder bed, continue to inject water to 227 grams to stop injecting water. When the water level drops, remove the filter cup when the powder bed is about to be exposed, and the extraction time is 2 minutes.

Through the flavor cooked in the front street, it is considered that the entrance of Yunnan Huaguoshan coffee beans is rich in melon and fruit aroma, herbaceous aroma, supple entrance, middle nut, bright and sour plum at the end of chocolate flavor, and black tea and brown sugar in the back. On the other hand, the flavor of Yunnan small-grain coffee has bright acidity, soft acidity, mellow balance, rich layers, obvious dark chocolate and caramel flavor, and brown sugar flavor after complete cooling.

The continuous improvement of the production technology of Yunnan boutique coffee has also attracted coffee people from all walks of life. More and more coffee raw bean merchants have set up raw material production bases in Yunnan, such as coffee giant Starbucks has also joined in the acquisition of Yunnan coffee.

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