18 new production season Yunnan Baoshan small fine sun-cured coffee beans introduction _ Baoshan small coffee how to drink?

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The development track of a "national bean"

Baoshan, as one of the first areas in Yunnan to grow coffee, has been planted on a large scale since the 1950s and has a history of more than 60 years.

According to exact historical records, Baoshan coffee was first introduced into Lujiangba from Luxi Chaofang in 1952 by Yunnan Provincial Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Economic crops in Gaoligong Mountain Resort. In 1956, the state-run Lujiang Farm introduced Arabica series varieties to Lujiangba successfully.

At present, the small-grain coffee planting areas in Yunnan are mainly distributed in the dry and hot valleys of the Nujiang River and Lancang River basins, involving more than 20 hot areas in the city, with elevations ranging from 700m to 1700 meters above sea level. From 2013 to 2014, the planting area of small-grain coffee in the city was 200000 mu, with an output of 189700 mu, an output of 21000 tons and an agricultural output value of 420 million yuan. From 2014 to 2015, the planting area was 225000 mu, the production area was 195000 mu, the output was 30, 000 tons, and the output value was 600 million yuan. In 2016, the city's coffee planting area was 260000 mu, producing 134kg coffee beans per mu, with a total output of 35000 tons, with an output value of 1.01 billion yuan, including agricultural output value of 555 million yuan.

At present, coffee has become the agricultural product with the largest export earnings and online sales in our city. Coffee products are exported to Germany, Britain, France, Spain, Canada, the United States, Russia and other European and American countries, and have entered the Thai market for the first time. The annual export earnings exceeded 50 million US dollars, and online sales exceeded 200 million yuan.

A treasure conceived in a special environment

As we all know, coffee is originally the product of the equator to 15 degrees north latitude, and the coffee grown in the range of 15 degrees north latitude to the Tropic of Cancer is of the best quality. Although Baoshan has exceeded the scope of the Tropic of Cancer, Baoshan small grain caffeine is famous at home and abroad for its specific geographical area, climatic conditions and historical origin. With strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, slightly sour taste, its taste is comparable to the world-famous Blue Mountain coffee, which is called "world-class" coffee by Turkish roasters. It won the title of "National Coffee Crown" at the National Coffee Conference in 1980, the highest Silver Award (without gold award) at the first China Agricultural Expo in 1992, and the World Eureka Gold Award in 1993. In 2010, it was recognized as the certification trademark of Yunnan small-grain coffee by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. In the same year, it was announced as a geographical indication protection product by the AQSIQ.

From the climatic characteristics, Yunnan small grain coffee producing area belongs to the northern tropical climate, with typical dry and hot valley climate characteristics, distinct dry and wet seasons, rain and heat at the same time, no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer. The dry season is from October to April of the following year, with low humidity, less cloud cover, more sunny days, high daytime temperature and large temperature difference between day and night; May to September is the wet season, with more water vapor, heavy cloud cover, cloudy days, low daytime temperature and little temperature difference between day and night. This special climatic condition is very conducive to the growth of coffee and creates conditions for the formation of the unique quality of small coffee. In addition, the dry season coincides with the fruit development, maturity, picking and processing stage of Baoshan small grain coffee, and the climate characteristics of sufficient light and large temperature difference between day and night are extremely conducive to the accumulation of dry matter of coffee fruit. in particular, it is conducive to the accumulation of protein and fat substances which are closely related to the aroma of coffee, so that Baoshan small-grain coffee has the characteristics of rich aroma and mellow taste. On the other hand, the characteristics of low humidity in dry season and high temperature during the day are very conducive to the drying and storage of coffee beans, which is also one of the reasons for the unique quality of Baoshan small-grain coffee.

From the point of view of soil conditions, the soil of Baoshan small grain coffee producing area is alluvial dry red soil, which is characterized by deep and fertile soil layer, rich organic matter, high potassium content and weak acidity. This kind of soil has good physical and chemical properties, strong permeability, water and fertilizer conservation, which can provide comprehensive and sufficient nutrients for coffee, which is very conducive to the exuberant growth of coffee and the formation of nutrients. Especially the soil with weak acidity and high potassium content plays a very positive role in improving the stress resistance of coffee plants.

From the perspective of the management technology of the relevance of Baoshan's human factors, since 1886, a large number of missionaries from Britain, France, the United States, Italy, Germany and other countries have come to preach in western Yunnan, and brought economic plants from European and colonial countries to missionary places for planting and promotion. Baoshan coffee has been planted for more than 100 years, and large-scale cultivation has a history of more than 60 years, and has accumulated rich experience in planting management. The tradition of farmers in Baoshan small-grain coffee producing area taking organic fertilizer as the main fertilizer source, and the "shade cultivation mode under coffee-fruit tree compound planting forest" summarized by several generations of researchers of Institute of Thermal Economics of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, etc., laid a foundation for ensuring the quality of Baoshan small-grain coffee, and played a role in promoting the improvement of coffee quality.

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