The potential of Coffee consumption in China Yunnan Coffee epitomizes the development of Chinese coffee

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Chen Zhenjia, a doctor from the China Coffee Engineering Research Center, said that by the beginning of 2016, China had planted more than 1.8 million mu of coffee, with a total output of 140000 tons, accounting for 1.5 per cent of the world's total output. China is one of the 21 countries and regions that produce coffee in more than 70 countries and regions with an output of more than 100000 tons.

In China, coffee cultivation is concentrated in Yunnan, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. In the 1960s, coffee cultivation in China was mainly in Hainan. At that time, the planting area of coffee in Hainan was more than 200,000 mu. Today, more than 50 years later, coffee cultivation in China is mainly in Yunnan, while the planting area in Hainan has dropped to less than 10,000 mu.

"Yunnan has geographical and climatic conditions suitable for coffee growth, mainly in the four major producing areas of Dehong, Baoshan, Pu'er and Lincang, with a total planting area of 1.77 million mu and a total output of 139000 tons, accounting for more than 99 percent of the country's total." Chen Zhenjia said.

At present, nearly 60% of Yunnan coffee production comes from Pu'er. By the end of 2015, the planting area of coffee in Pu'er City has reached 755700 mu, with an output of 57900 tons, and coffee has been exported to more than 30 countries and regions, including America, Europe and Asia.

As a microcosm of the development of China's coffee industry, the development degree of "Yunka" determines the status of Chinese coffee in the world, but for a long time, Yunnan has mainly sold coffee beans, which is insufficient with downstream processing, and the profit space is not large. in addition, the coffee planting area is developing too fast, and the quality is difficult to control, which gradually becomes a hidden worry for development.

The coffee production practice in Yunnan for more than ten years shows that planting coffee with high altitude has more advantages of sustainable development.

Several major cold injuries affecting coffee in Yunnan are mainly advection cold damage, and the depressed coffee plantations suffer more seriously.

On the other hand, coffee grown in places with high altitude and abundant sunshine in winter is not easy to produce excessive fruit, and the diseases and insect pests are light.

The phenomenon of withered branch decline is not obvious, and the production cycle is long.

What is more important is that high-altitude coffee beans have large grains, good cup quality, and high quality and high price in domestic and foreign coffee markets, thus improving business efficiency.

The investigation results show that the reason why Yunnan coffee is growing higher and higher above sea level is due to the use of rust-resistant variety Katim coffee.

Such as Katim 7963, PT, Draca, P1-4, as well as a small number of Bourbon, Tibica, Kaddura varieties.

Due to the high yield of Katim coffee, it can still get a good yield at high altitude.

The rust-resistant coffee varieties Bobang and Tiebika, which were mainly grown in Yunnan before the 1980s,

Most of them are planted below 1000 meters above sea level, but less in areas above 1000 meters above sea level, because the temperature is cooler in areas with high elevations.

Regardless of the severity of rust, the stress resistance (cold resistance, drought resistance) of coffee plants is weakened, and coffee leaves and branches are more prone to serious withered branches.

Therefore, the planting and development of non-rust-resistant varieties in high altitude areas is limited.

It is the Katim coffee with strong rust resistance and high yield that makes Yunnan coffee develop to the scale it is today.

The research shows that Katim coffee is suitable for growing at high altitude, and the quality of the cup can be greatly improved, and the high quality coffee of Yunnan can be produced.

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