The basic knowledge of coffee the growth process of coffee
The coffee wrapped with endocarp will be planted in the seedbed (a plastic flowerpot called "pot") and will germinate in 40 to 60 days and grow to about 50 centimeters in about 6 months after germination. At this stage, the seedlings are still fragile and must be covered with cold gauze and other things to block direct sunlight.
The seedlings blossomed about three years after they were transplanted from the seedbed to the garden. During this period, countries such as Central America that use hand-picking to harvest coffee beans will prune the branches of coffee trees and remove the lower side branches in order to improve the efficiency of harvesting coffee. The flowers of the coffee tree are white five-petal flowers with a jasmine scent. The flowers wither in a few days, then grow small fruits, and turn red in 6 to 8 months to represent maturity.
The peak of the coffee harvest is in the 6-10 years after the coffee tree grows, and then the harvest will gradually decline. In addition, if the coffee tree grows too high, it will also lead to a poor harvest, so coffee farmers will cut off the trunk from 30cm to 50cm above the ground, allowing it to regenerate branches and renew productivity. This step is called "Cutback". If combined with climate, fertilization, resistance to diseases and insect pests and other favorable conditions, coffee trees can last 20 years, or even 50 years of continuous fruit.
Wild coffee trees can be as high as 10 meters, but generally planted coffee trees are maintained at a height of about 2 meters in order to harvest conveniently. Arabica coffee varieties are being improved year after year, hoping to reach the level of high harvest, high virus resistance, early harvest, strong environmental adaptability, and, of course, the appropriate height of trees to make harvesting more efficient.
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Common misunderstandings in Coffee cultivation
People often mistakenly think that coffee is grown directly with raw beans, but it takes a long time to grow coffee only to find that it doesn't sprout. In fact, coffee is grown with seeds with endocarp (Parchment). The inner fruit (or sheepskin or paper parchment) refers to the tea-brown hard skin that wraps the coffee seeds, and the coffee beans attached to that layer are called Parchment Bean. Put aside the bright red of full maturity
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Coffee basics Coffee is generally picked several times a year
The harvest time and method of coffee vary from place to place, generally speaking, about once or twice a year (sometimes up to three or four times). The harvest time is mostly in the dry season. In Brazil, for example, around June, it starts in the north-eastern state of Bahia and ends in October in the southern state of Parana. The harvest period of Central American countries is from September to next year.
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