Scientist coffee, changing blood type is no longer a dream.

An international scientific team has made a breakthrough in the study of blood group transformation, finding two enzymes that can effectively convert type A, B and AB blood into type O blood.

An international team led by Henryk Clausen, a scientist at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature Biology that researchers have found two new glycosidases in bacteria that can change blood types.

A person's blood type depends on the presence or lack of glycosyl antigens "A" and "B" in red blood cells. Type O red blood cells have neither A nor B antigens, so type O blood can be safely transfused to anyone. However, type A, B and AB blood have different antigens, which can lead to life-threatening immune responses if given to people with different blood types.

In the 1980s, scientists found an enzyme in coffee beans that could be used to peel off the B antigen of red blood cells. Early clinical trials have shown that transformed blood can be safely transfused to people of different blood types, but the enzyme is inefficient and cannot transform a large amount of blood in a short period of time.

Clausen's team identified 2500 extracts from bacteria or fungi to study their ability to peel off An and B antigens. The researchers found that two bacterial glycosidases can strip off An or B antigens from type A, B and AB blood, which means that all blood types can be changed.

The researchers hope that the two enzymes will not only improve the instability of the global blood supply, but also improve the safety of blood transfusion. They plan to continue clinical trials on the safety and efficacy of blood types that change their blood type.