The Discovery and spread of Coffee how was coffee discovered?

How was coffee discovered? When people taste mellow coffee, they can't help but ask such questions.

According to Roth de Neroy (1613-1707), a Roman linguist, about the sixth century AD, an Arab shepherd named Caldai was very excited and excited to see every goat when he went to graze on the grasslands of Ethiopia. This made him very strange. After careful observation, he found that the sheep were so excited after eating a kind of red fruit. Out of curiosity, Karl tasted some of the fruits and found them extremely sweet and refreshing. From then on, he often went there to share the joy of this delicious fruit with the sheep. Later, a Muslim passed through here and brought this strange red fruit home and distributed it to other parishioners, and its magical effect has been widely spread ever since.

Another legend is about Shack Omar, a disciple of Sheckaldi, the patron saint of the Arabian Peninsula. Shack Omar was a respected and beloved chief in Mocha, but he was expelled by his people for crime and exiled to Osama. One day in 1258, walking hungry in the mountains, Omar saw birds with strange feathers on the branches pecking at the fruit of the trees. Out of curiosity, he took the fruit back to his residence and boiled it with water. sure enough, it emitted a strong and attractive fragrance, and the original feeling of fatigue was eliminated after drinking it. So Omar collected many of these magical fruits, and when someone was sick, she boiled the fruit into soup for them to drink, and those who were sick were soon refreshed. Because he did good everywhere and was loved by the broad masses of believers, his sins were soon forgiven. When he returned to Mocha, he was praised for his discovery of the fruit and was respected as a saint. And this magical cure is said to be coffee.

There is also a romantic story about coffee, the story of Gabriel Mathieu de Klee, a French naval officer in Martinique. For some reason, he was about to leave Paris for Martinique, but he was reluctant to give up his lover, coffee, so he managed to get some coffee trees and was determined to take them to Martinique. During about 1720 or I723, he made two trips between the two places, and finally picked out the strongest sapling, set sail from Nantes, and took good care of it all the way, keeping the saplings in a glass box on the deck to prevent the sea from splashing and to keep warm. On the way, his ship was attacked by Tunisian pirates and threatened by a storm. after many hardships and dangers, he finally reached Martinique, and the sapling seemed to have indomitable vitality like de Klee. It has taken root and thrived there ever since.

In addition to the above legends, there are many stories about coffee, although their authenticity can no longer be studied, but people are happy to believe that these legends have happened.

I. the spread of coffee

People think that Africa is the hometown of coffee. But coffee actually originated in Ethiopia and spread around the world through the Yemeni port of Mocha.

The history of Ethiopian coffee cultivation began in 575 AD. For those Arabs, coffee, like Chinese silk at that time, was a national treasure. It would be a great honor if anyone could enjoy this fragrant and refreshing drink, and only a small number of religious people could enjoy this right at that time.

In order to prevent coffee from being grown in other countries, Arabs export all coffee beans only after they have been shelled. In the 17th century, BaBa Budan, a pilgrimage to Mecca, brought some sprouting coffee beans back to his home in southwestern India, and coffee began to spread around the world.

At first, coffee has been used as a magic drug, limited to doctors' prescriptions. However, its exciting effect was eventually widely used, with many people seeing it as a stimulant to stimulate the brain, while others thought it had the effect of inducing religious hallucinations. As a result, coffee shops are springing up in the center of the Islamic holy city of Mecca.

Subsequently, coffee gradually became popular in Italy, India, Britain and other places through trade routes. Around 1650, the first coffee shop in Western Europe filled with the smell of coffee appeared in Oxford, England.

Coffee spread history age:

In the early 17th century, the Germans, French, Italians and Dutch all competed to sell coffee to their overseas colonies.

In 1616, a coffee tree was transferred to the Netherlands via the port of Mocha, giving the Dutch the upper hand in the competition for coffee cultivation.

In 1658, the Dutch began to grow coffee in Ceylon.

In 1699, the first European plantations appeared in Java by the Dutch.

In 1715, the French brought coffee trees to Bourbon.

In 1718, the Dutch brought coffee to Suriname in South America, which was the prelude to the rapid development of the growing industry in the coffee center of the world (South America).

In 1723, a Frenchman, Gabriel Mathieu de Klee (Gabrie Mathieu De clieu), brought coffee saplings to Martinique.

In 1727, the first plantation in South America, Pala, Brazil, was established. And then cultivated near Rio de Janeiro.

The legendary Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee began to grow in the Blue Mountains after coffee was introduced to Jamaica by the British in 1730.

From 1750 to 1760, coffee was grown in Guatemala.

In 1779, coffee was introduced into Costa Rica from Cuba.

Coffee was first grown in Mexico in 1790.

In 1825, coffee seeds from Rio de Janeiro were brought to the Hawaiian islands and became the famous Hawaiian Kona Coffee.

In 1878, the British landed coffee in Africa and set up a coffee planting park in Kenya.

In 1887, the French established a plantation in Vietnam with coffee saplings.

In 1896, coffee began to land in Queensland, Australia.

From then on, the secret of coffee cultivation spread ten, ten hundred, and became an open secret.

II. World coffee market

At present, more than 70 countries around the world produce coffee, with an annual output of 1 million bags, and the annual trading volume of raw coffee beans has become the second largest in the world. The coffee production of the exporting member countries of the International Coffee Organization accounts for more than 97% of the world's total output. In the world coffee consumption market, where the annual retail sales exceed 70 billion US dollars, the coffee consumption of the member countries of the International Coffee Organization accounts for 65%. In addition to the traditional high-yield areas of Brazil and Colombia, Vietnam has gradually become a major coffee producer in recent years. I believe that the future coffee market will show a scene of prosperity.

Among them, Colombia is the second largest producer in the world, accounting for 12% of the world's total output, and its coffee beans are of good quality. Coffee trees are suitable for planting in highlands and small areas for farming. After careful harvesting and washing processing, the coffee produced is of beautiful quality, rich and unique flavor, which is very suitable for single drink or mixing. In particular, Columbia's Lucca coffee is the most famous, its flavor is rich and unique, and has a sweet in the acid, bitter in the good flavor.

Global coffee production in 2005 Mel 06 has reached 108.7 million bags (60 kg each); it will increase by 12% to 122 million bags in 2006. However, the global demand for coffee in 2006 will be between 117 million and 118 million bags in 2007, so the supply will exceed the demand.

III. Development of Coffee Industry in China

1. The domestic coffee market has great potential for development.

After China's entry into WTO, China's economy is developing rapidly, people's living standards are constantly improving, and coffee is being accepted by more and more Chinese. Coffee is no longer just a drink, it is gradually closely linked with fashion and taste, or make friends and talk, or business talks, or leisure, in a cup of coffee filled with music.

(1) from the perspective of the overall domestic market

Statistics show that Finland, with a population of 5 million, consumes 1 million packets of coffee a year, while China, with a population of 1.3 billion, now consumes only 20-400000 packets of coffee. From this comparison, we can see that the prospect of China's coffee consumption market is very broad. At the same time, the number of potential coffee consumers in China is about 200-250 million, which is on a par with the market of the United States, the world's largest coffee consumer.

(2) in terms of growth rate

At present, Chinese coffee consumption is still small, but the growth momentum is very considerable. China's coffee consumption is growing at an annual rate of 15%, while the world coffee consumption is growing at an annual rate of only 2%. Data also show that China's per capita coffee consumption has been increasing at a rate of 30% year by year since 1998, and China is expected to become the most potential coffee consumer in the world in the next few years.

(3) in terms of per capita consumption

According to relevant statistics, the average annual coffee consumption per person in developed countries in Europe and the United States is more than 500 cups, and some even exceed 1000 cups, such as Finland and Sweden. Neighboring Japanese consume an average of 200 cups a year, while Koreans consume an average of 140 cups. At present, the average annual coffee consumption per Chinese is only 4 cups, and even in big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, the average annual consumption per person is only 20 cups. China's coffee consumption market has huge room for growth. With the rapid growth of China's economy, the continuous improvement of people's quality of life and the increasing diversification of drinks, there will be a huge potential coffee consumption market.

2. The advantage of joining a chain coffee shop is strong.

According to the information provided by the International Coffee Organization, in recent years, the development of coffee cultivation and consumption in China has attracted the attention of the world. Cafes are springing up in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other large and medium-sized cities. In addition, the charm of culture is the charm of the market. Now more and more people around the world choose coffee to accompany themselves to spend a lot of comfortable time, coffee enriches people's lives, and China's coffee culture is also increasingly strong. In front of the huge Chinese coffee market, coffee shop chain operation has become the strongest entrepreneurial channel in the world. Today, chain operation has been applied to business and has been given a new meaning. To a large extent, the consumption of coffee is a kind of consumption on the perceptual cultural level. what the cultural communication needs is the environmental culture created by the coffee shop to infect customers and form a good interactive experience.

(1) chain franchise has low risk and high success rate

According to industry statistics, for coffee shops, the probability of individual success in opening an independent shop is only 25%, 55%, while joining the chain system of well-known brands can be as high as 85%. There is no doubt that joining the brand store has a higher safety factor.

(2) chain franchise has low cost and high benefit.

For investors who only have the desire and money to open a coffee shop, but have no idea how to open a shop, joining a branded coffee shop is a good choice. For example: Starbucks, Baiyi, LUCCA and so on, the chain will provide one-stop services from location selection, evaluation, decoration, equipment, materials, personnel training, marketing, systematic management and so on. It saves a lot of trouble for franchisees, and strengthens confidence and improves efficiency. According to the statistics of the Italian Ministry of Commerce in 2004, the commercial transaction volume completed by joining the chain operation has exceeded 2.5 times of its total retail market. In 2004, the operating income of Chinese chain stores exceeded 800 billion yuan.

In the 21st century, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, coffee is being accepted by more and more Chinese, and coffee culture is full of every moment of life. Coffee is no longer just a drink, it is gradually closely linked with fashion, taste, personality, self, business, leisure, reflecting the high quality of modern life, we can foresee how attractive its future prospects will be!