What kind of raw beans are high-quality raw beans? How to choose raw coffee beans? Xida, Ethiopia

What kind of raw beans are high-quality raw beans? First look at the surface of beans, fresh and high-quality raw beans, the surface is shiny, in addition, the processing of good raw beans, uniform color, the surface of uneven color can not be called good beans, must choose uniform color. Secondly, the particle size is the same, which is also evidence of good quality management. Make sure that the particle size is the same when you buy it. Even and neat coffee raw beans can achieve a consistent baking effect; otherwise, some are too deep and bitter, and some are too shallow and sour, which will affect the overall taste of roasted coffee beans. Raw beans are divided into several grades according to quality standards, which vary from place to place, basically according to size and shape. The higher the grade, the better the quality. At present, as the domestic coffee raw bean market has just started, the coffee raw beans sold are mainly low-grade futures beans. People usually have a lot of defects in the raw beans they get. Defective coffee beans are quite harmful, including that the mutated beans are neither flat nor garden beans. Due to abnormal development, the raw beans are broken in the center when they are shelled. This kind of bean is prone to uneven baking. Fermented beans / black beans are fermented internally in the process of processing or washing. It has the smell of fermented acid. Unripe beans / white dead beans are harvested when the coffee fruit is not fully ripe. This kind of bean is ivory after baking and tastes green and astringent. The process of processing and transportation of mildew beans is affected by damp, rain and mold. As long as one bean is moldy, it will soon spread to others, so be careful. Worm-eaten beans are eaten by a pest called coffee bark beetle, and there are insect eyes on the beans, which make coffee smell.

Country: Ethiopia

Grade: G2

Producing area: Sidamo producing area

Treatment: washing

Variety: Heirloom

Flavor: wild ginger, honey, citrus, lemon

Today, there are still a large number of wild Arabica coffee trees growing in many parts of Ethiopia, averaging between 4200 and 6800 feet above sea level. Now there is a trend of small cultivation, generally planting banana trees for shade at the same time, but due to lack of agricultural technology, herbicides and pesticides are less used.

Coffee is Ethiopia's main economic crop and the country's largest crop export and important industry. It accounts for 60% of Ethiopia's total export value and supports many small farms, as well as sugar, bananas and cotton. It is also Ethiopia's largest and important commodity export crop after oil, and it is also the largest export of Elaraby in Africa, with a total value of about US $300 million in 1997. in terms of total production, 94% are small farms and 6% are government agencies. because many farms are scattered and grow other crops, it has been difficult to integrate the figures correctly. However, the country's official coffee cultivation area is at least 400000 hectares, and the Ethiopian government encourages local farmers to improve their quality and productivity so that coffee farmers can expand their business scale and increase production capacity and exports.

During the harvest, farmers harvest fresh red fruit every day, and every two days the coffee fruit is sent as a unit or sold to a water washing plant for treatment. coffee fruit without a water treatment plant is usually naturally fermented for about 12 hours, and then passed through the sun for drying and shelling. in any case, farmers always try their best to send them to the water treatment plant for treatment. In order to sell better under the name of "washing treatment", in the water wash, coffee cherries soften the pulp after soaking and fermenting for about 12 hours, then pass through the waterway and stir to separate the pulp from the coffee beans. the pulp is discharged with the floodgates, while coffee beans need six days of sunshine to dry, but the processing time is only from sunrise to 11:00 and from 03:00 to sunset. The water content of raw beans after treatment should be about 12% ~ 12.5%. After selecting residual or shoddy beans, they are packed in sacks and trucked to the coffee auction house in the capital, Addis Ababa.

There are many water treatment plants on the main roads of coffee producing areas, especially in Jima area. A large number of treatment plants are not fully utilized because of the fierce competition, so the person in charge of the treatment plant pays higher prices to farmers because of this, but worries about whether they can make a profit. Nowadays, one kilogram of raw beans is usually sold for about 2Birr (Ethiopian units). During the whole harvest period, the employees of the treatment plant worked for two months without a rest day, with a daily capacity of about ten bags per plant.

Nowadays, there are more and more water washing treatment plants in Ethiopia. Small farmers sell the harvested coffee fruit to the processing plant, peel it and resell it in the auction system, and then transfer it to the port of Assab in Eritrea in the Red Sea and the port of Djibouti in Djibouti near the Bay of Aden. The coffee is the country's main agricultural export, but its own annual consumption is also astonishing, about 1500000bags/60kg. Accounted for 50% of the total generation. Wild coffee grows in the tropical rain forests of the southwestern plateau, and most of them are selected by hand, but because of this, many local people maliciously destroy the naturally formed rainforest areas-either felled or burned in order to reach the rugged mountains that are inaccessible. But it seriously affected the ecological balance.

Whether it is raw coffee washed or sunburned, all exported coffee is sent to the capital, Addis Ababa, and the DIREDAWA auction exit in Hara province. The DIREDAWA auction center usually exports sunburn halas in the area. Coffee information from different farms can be seen in the auction house every day to facilitate the purchase of traders. Several officials from Ethiopia also go in and out of the center every day to inspect and set grades. Each time a random sample of the same shipment of raw beans 3 kg inspection.