Comparison of regional characteristics of coffee beans in coffee producing areas / coffee bean producing areas in the world

Coffee has an inexplicably strong attraction to both literati and gluttons. Since you are so curious or passionate, let's take a look at which parts of the world produce coffee.

The most complete knowledge of coffee producing areas in the world!

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I. Asia

1. Indonesia (Indonesia)

Famous representative coffee: Java (Java), Sumatra Manning (Sumatra Mandheling)

Indonesia produces coffee beans mainly in Java, Sumatra and Sulawesi, all of which belong to volcanic topography.

It is generally believed that Indonesian coffee beans have a strong flavor and low acidity, with a slight flavor similar to traditional Chinese medicine and soil. Mandheling, produced in the mountains of Sumatra, is world-famous and rich in texture.

Robusta beans from Java have a unique smell and are often used as a recipe for espresso because they are rich in oil. The coffee produced by Sulawesi is rated as having a special herbal flavor, deep and clean.

In particular, there is a special animal called civet in the mountains of Indonesia (it has also appeared in Taiwan and is currently listed as one of the representative animals of Yangming Mountain). It makes Indonesia produce almost the most expensive coffee in the world-civet coffee. This kind of cat likes to eat coffee berries, and the hard coffee beans are eventually excreted because they are indigestible. During the period of passing through the cat's digestive tract, caffeine will produce a unique and complex flavor after fermentation, which makes many gluttons like this kind of coffee with special aroma. However, because the coffee produces very little, it is extremely expensive, ranging from a few hundred dollars per pound.

two。 India (India)

Famous representative coffee: monsoon Malaba (Monsooned Malabar)

India is a country that mainly drinks tea, but its coffee production ranks first in the world, and it has both Robusta and Arabica. It is also one of several countries that have both water washing and sun treatment.

Indian coffee is grown mainly in the areas from the Western Gaozhi Mountains in southern India to the Arabian Sea, with coffee sold under the names of Maiso and Malaba.

Monsoon Malaba is a unique kind of coffee in India, which was made from coffee beans shipped to Europe from the coast of Malaba. The appearance and taste of raw beans were changed because the raw beans were blown by the sea breeze for a long time. And this taste has gradually become a taste that Europeans are used to and like.

This later became a special method of handling coffee beans-after the beans were harvested, they were especially placed in the moist monsoon for a few months, making them yellowish-white and less acidic, and became the monsoon Monsooned Malabar we bought.

3. Vietnam (Vietnam)

Well-known representative coffee: Vietnamese coffee

Vietnam is also one of the top coffee producers in the world. At present, the vast majority of coffee trees in Vietnam are Robusta. Due to the emergence of leaf rust in the mid-19th century, the Arabica coffee trees in Vietnam were destroyed and replaced with Robusta coffee trees resistant to leaf rust.

Robusta coffee beans have a unique aroma and bitter taste, and they contain more caffeine than Arabica. Because of the high extraction ratio, this kind of coffee beans are often used to make instant coffee, canned coffee or mixed with three-in-one coffee.

In recent years, India has also begun to plant coffee trees in Arabica and is more committed to coffee production, but there has been no development in the boutique coffee market. The Vietnamese coffee we often hear in our conversation sometimes refers to the cooking method of the ice drop kettle, which is different from the kinds of coffee beans mentioned here, so don't confuse it.

World coffee producing areas / coffee bean producing areas

II. Africa

1. Yemen (Yemen)

Famous representative coffee: mocha Matari (Mocha Mattari)

In the early days, Yemeni coffee was mainly exported from the port of Mocha, so the coffee exported from here later took Mocha as its name. In Yemeni coffee, Mattari and Sanani are more famous, of which Matari tastes full-bodied, with strong acidity and cocoa flavor, while Sanani has a more balanced taste and aroma.

The coffee beans produced in Yemen belong to Arabica. Generally speaking, mocha beans are smaller than ordinary coffee beans and look very different from other coffee beans with large particles. However, although this kind of coffee bean is small, it contains distinct features, especially the distinct fruit acid often plays a role of flavor enhancement in mixed coffee. No wonder it is compared to the red wine in coffee, with both aroma and sour taste.

The name mocha can be written in several ways, such as "Mocca", "Mocha", "Moka" and "Mokha", but they all mean the same thing. Mocha beans are especially obvious in deep roasting because of their unique chocolate flavor, so there is a fancy coffee flavored with chocolate sauce and named after "mocha coffee".

two。 Ethiopia (Ethiopia)

Well-known representative coffee: Mocha Harra, Yirgacheffe

Ethiopia is the first place in the world to find coffee trees in Arabica across the Red Sea from Yemen, and coffee is grown almost everywhere in the country. Among them, the eastern Highland Hara (Harra) produces the famous Haramoka, which has a special wine aroma and acidity, which is equivalent to the Yemeni mocha and is a high-quality coffee.

Sidamo and Djimmah in the south are also well-known coffee producers, and the coffee produced is slightly different from that produced by Hara, with a refreshing sour taste and drupe aromas.

In Sidamo, there is a community domain name called Yirgacheffe, whose coffee has very charming features, with the aroma of jasmine and lemon, and the special taste as sweet as honey, so it is famous all over the world.

The port of Mocha is in Yemen, so can Ethiopian coffee be called mocha? In fact, previously Ethiopian coffee was also exported from the port of Mocha in Yemen, so the coffee here is also named after Mocha and is subdivided by different names of origin, such as Mokahara and Mokajima. So, the same mocha could be from Yemen or Ethiopia.

3. C ô te d'Ivoire (Cote d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast)

Well-known representative coffee: none

C ô te d'Ivoire is a country in West Africa, next to Guinea and Liberia. Ivory Coast is Ivory Coast if it is paraphrased from French. Under French rule, coffee was heavily cultivated along the coast along with cocoa and palms to stimulate exports, and by the 1960s, coffee production had increased to make C ô te d'Ivoire the third largest coffee exporter after Brazil and Colombia. However, in recent years, due to the impact of climate, economy, aging and reduced production of coffee trees, its coffee production has not been prosperous in the past.

Since C ô te d'Ivoire is also a major producer of coffee in Africa, why are we not familiar with Ivorian coffee? This is because almost all the coffee in C ô te d'Ivoire is Robusta, and only a few Arabica coffees are experimental. As mentioned earlier, because of its special taste and characteristics, Robusta coffee is mostly used for purposes such as instant coffee or canned coffee, and is rarely drunk directly in the form of boutique coffee. therefore, it does not often appear in the coffee-producing countries we often mention.

4. Kenya (Kenya)

Well-known representative coffee: Kenya AA

Kenya is located in East Africa, right on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to the east, Ethiopia to the north and Tanzania to the south.

Kenyan coffee is characterized by obvious fruit aromas and acidity, with a hint of wine in the full-bodied taste. Kenyan coffee is mostly grown in the southwestern and eastern plateau areas, and the varieties are all Arabica species, and they are all washed coffee, such as Bourbon, Typica, Kents and Riuri 11.

The bright fruit aroma and acidity of Kenyan coffee in shallow roasting is regarded as like fruit tea, which shows its unique flavor. Among them, the well-known Kenyan AA is full of particles and rich in taste, which is well received by the world.

5. Tanzania (Tanzania)

Well-known representative coffee: Kilimanjaro

Tanzania is also located in eastern Africa, to the south of Kenya and to the east of the Indian Ocean, with a coastline as long as 1500 kilometers. Coffee is not the most important agriculture in Tanzania. It is mostly operated on a small scale. Coffee is grown on the slopes of the Kilimanjaro volcano in northern Tanzania near Kenya. About 70% of the Arabica species are treated by washing, while the remaining 30% of the Robusta species are treated by the sun.

The Krimanjaro coffee produced here is generally highly acidic, but slightly weaker than that of Kenya, and its taste is similar to that of Kenya, with a rich texture and a strong sweet aroma.

6. Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe)

Well-known representative coffee: Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe, located in southern Africa, is a landlocked country not near the sea, right next to Mozambique. Coffee was only grown in Zimbabwe at the beginning of the 20th century, mainly in the eastern plateau, which is treated by washing.

Zimbabwe's coffee is similar to Kenya with strong acidity and fruity aromas, but unlike Kenya, it has a pepper-like flavor. The best coffee comes from Chipinge.

7. Malawi (Malawi)

Famous representative coffee: Malawi (Malawi)

Malawi is a small country in southeastern Africa and a landlocked country not near the sea. most of its coffee is grown in the northern plateau, but the yield is not large. But although it is not near the sea, it can be seen on the map that there is a very large lake in the northeast. It is Lake Malawi, which is also the natural boundary between Malawi and its neighboring countries.

Compared with Kenya, Malawian coffee also has considerable sweetness and aroma, while the sour taste is a lower style. If the sour sound of Kenya is compared to the sour sound of Kenya, the sour sound of Malawi feels like the bass and mid-bass. Coffee grown in Malawi, which is grown in Arabica and treated with water, is the country's ninth largest export, accounting for only about 5% of the country's total exports.

However, in particular, although the export volume is very limited, the production and marketing of coffee is produced and sold by local people who set up their own production and marketing companies, which are responsible for their own production, processing and sale, rather than coffee distribution led by the government in Kenya.

In this way of independent operation, the quality of coffee in Malawi has been maintained at a considerable level, so it is also one of the most popular coffee for traders.

World coffee producing areas / coffee bean producing areas

III. Central America

1. Guatemala (Guatemala)

Famous representative coffee: Antigua (Antigua), Vivette Nango (Huehuetenango)

The latitude of Guatemala is about 15 degrees, bordering the Pacific Ocean on the left and the Caribbean Sea on the right. The Sierra Mountains on this side of the Pacific Ocean are the main coffee-growing areas of Guatemala.

Because the mountains stretch very long and the regional climate changes greatly, it has created the seven major coffee producing areas of the country. The coffee in these seven major producing areas has different flavors and characteristics. Among them, the coffee of Antigua is slightly sour, fragrant and glycolic, with a slightly volcanic carbon burning flavor, which makes Guatemala coffee especially famous in Antigua.

Guaguaran coffee belongs to Arabica species, which is treated by washing. In the far northwest, there is a piece of Huehuetenango highland. Due to the elevation of more than 5000 feet, the coffee produced has the characteristics of hard texture, strong acidity and rich taste of high altitude coffee. It is also one of the most distinctive coffee in Guardia.

two。 Costa Rica (Costa Rica)

Well-known representative coffee: Tarrazu

Like other Central American countries, coffee from Arabica is widely grown in Costa Rica. Its coffee is mainly grown in two high areas, one is the high area near the capital San Jose, and the other is the Tarrazu mountains southeast of San Jose. Because the coffee trees in Costa Rica are planted in high altitude areas, the coffee here also has a strong sour taste, and because of the lower temperature in the mountains, the coffee trees grow slowly, with a more complex and non-monotonous taste.

The coffee produced in Tarasu has a special flavor of fruit and some chocolate or stone fruit, so it is also one of the favorite coffees for coffee tasters.

3. Nicaragua (Nicaragua)

Famous representative coffee: Nicaragua (Nicaragua)

Nicaraguan coffee, which is mainly produced in the central and northern parts of the country, is characterized by shade planting and coffee beans are washed and dried in the sun. Generally speaking, Nicaraguan coffee is less distinctive, so Nicaraguan beans are often used as mixed coffee or instant coffee.

But high-quality Nicaraguan beans, such as Maragogipe, a very large coffee bean called elephant beans, are highly valued. This coffee has a well-balanced taste, without the distinct acidity that other Central American coffees often have, but it has a clear taste and excellent aroma. This round and soft texture also makes it a unique show in the more moderate evaluation of Guatemalan coffee and is loved by many people.

4. Honduras (Honduras)

Well-known representative coffee: Honduras

Honduran coffee seems strange to many coffee drinkers. For coffee production, the geographical conditions of Honduras are no less than those of its neighboring coffee-producing countries, such as Guatemala and Nicaragua.

However, in the past, Honduras was less well-known in the consumer market because it did not have strong support in the handling and transportation of raw beans. However, in recent years, Honduras has begun to change dramatically, and the emphasis on the coffee industry has slowly opened up the international popularity of Honduran coffee.

There are six main coffee producing areas in Honduras, including the five regions next to each other in the West, Santa Barbara (Santa Barbara), Copan (Copan), Ocotepeque, Lempira and La Paz, as well as El Paraiso in the southeast. Honduran coffee tastes less acidic, while caramel is more sweet.

The taste of coffee in six different producing areas is also slightly different, some slightly sour, some have a unique flavor. As it is still in the process of promoting its popularity, although the quality of coffee in Honduras is good, its price is still quite competitive. Considering the unique flavor of Honduran coffee, it is a good choice to use it as a single product or to add mixed coffee and espresso (Espresso).

5. Panama (Panama)

Famous representative coffee: Panama (Panama)

Panama is bordered by Costa Rica to the west and Colombia in South America to the east. Most of its coffee is grown in the mountains near Costa Rica to the west. Panamanian coffee is medium and uniform in flavor and texture, with a blue mountain-like temperament, so it is said that Panamanian coffee is often imitated as the high-priced Kona of Hawaii or the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. However, Panamanian coffee has always been at the middle and low price level in the consumer market, which may not have a distinctive relationship.

In recent years, Panama has also actively promoted the cause of boutique coffee and sold its high-quality coffee beans at competitive auctions. As a result, Panamanian coffee has gradually attracted the attention of the world again. Good Panamanian coffee beans are stunning for their clean, clear, bright and supple taste and medium mellowness, making them one of the most excellent coffees recognized by coffee connoisseurs.

6. El Salvador (El Salvador)

Famous representative coffee: El Salvador (El Salvador)

El Salvador, with its upland topography, is the smallest country in Central America, flanked by Guatemala and Honduras. Because there are two parallel mountains in the area, the volcanic soil is rich in minerals, making El Salvador suitable for growing coffee.

The coffee tree in El Salvador is Arabica, which is mainly divided into two species: bourbon and Pacas. Its coffee is refreshing and uniform, which is divided into three grades according to altitude, namely SHG (Strictly High Grown), SG (High Grown) and SC (Central Standard).

It is worth mentioning that El Salvador produces a hot spring coffee, named because of the use of hot spring water for washing treatment, its special and supple sour taste and sweet smell is very charming, because the low yield makes the unit price quite high, is its very characteristic coffee.

7. Mexico (Mexico)

Famous representative coffee: Mexico (Mexico)

Mexico is close to the north of the United States, and its coffee production ranks fourth in the world, mainly in the southeast adjacent to the Malavitte Nango Highlands in Guatemala.

Brother Mo, about 70% of his coffee is exported directly to the United States, which is washed and divided into three grades according to their height. Generally speaking, Mexican coffee is evaluated as moderate aroma and mild mellow. Among them, the coffee beans produced by the giant elephant bean tree Maragogipe (also known as Maragogype) are not only three times larger than the average, but also famous for their mellow and round taste.

World coffee producing areas / coffee bean producing areas

IV. South America

1. Brazil (Brazil)

Well-known representative coffee: Santos

Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer, ranking first in the world in terms of total output, accounting for about 1 of the world's total output. Brazil is mainly produced in the central and southern provinces.

Brazil is suitable for growing coffee, the terrain is relatively flat, coffee gardens are mostly below 1200 meters above sea level, and there is no shade from big trees. This kind of coffee bean is not a fine coffee because the raw berries are picked together at harvest. Brazilian coffee is of mediocre quality, but lacks excellent grades. Its beans are soft and obviously not resistant to heat during roasting. Santos (named after its export port Santos) is more famous among all varieties. Brazilian coffee beans are neutral and can be tasted alone (though a bit monotonous), or mixed with other kinds of coffee beans to form a comprehensive coffee, which is generally considered to be indispensable in blending.

two。 Colombia (Colombia)

Famous representative coffee: Colombia

Colombia is the world's second largest exporter of coffee, accounting for about 15% of global production. Most of its coffee trees are grown in three mountains stretching north and south, with only Arabica species.

Although its output ranking is lower than that of Brazil, the coffee beans are of good quality, rich and unique aroma, sweet in acidity and moderate bitterness, which is very suitable for single drink or mixture.

Colombian beans and Brazilian beans are the best choice of basic beans for blended coffee, but their flavor is more mellow and more fragrant than Brazilian beans. In addition to individual taste, they are also often used to blend coffee to increase the sweetness of coffee and to blend the bitterness of other coffee.

3. Peru (Peru)

Famous representative coffee: Peru (Peru)

Peru is one of the major coffee producers in South America, and coffee is Peru's largest export of agricultural products, which has grown significantly in recent years, reaching an all-time high in 2006.

As can be seen on the map, there are Andes mountains parallel to the coast in Peru. More than 90% of Peruvian coffee is grown in the north, in valleys east of the capital Lima, and in forest areas on the slopes of the Andes.

Peruvian coffee beans have a round taste, moderate mellow, not thick not light, soft acid is one of its major characteristics, with a slightly drupe flavor. As the export volume increases and coffee lovers become familiar, more and more people have fallen in love with the mellow taste and soft sour taste of Peruvian coffee.

4. Ecuador (Ecuador)

Well-known representative coffee: Galapagos

Ecuador, which passes through the equator between Colombia and Peru, is one of the few countries in South America that produces both Arabica and robusta coffee.

In fact, Ecuador means "equator" in Spanish. Due to the use of old-fashioned traditional harvesting and handling methods, Ecuadorian coffee is not included in the list of boutique coffee, so it is generally rare and unfamiliar.

Ecuador faces the Pacific Ocean, and near the equator, about 900km off its west coast, near the equator at 90 degrees west longitude, there is also a Galapagos Island, also known as Cologne, which produces the famous Galapago coffee. In order to protect the natural ecology, the Ecuadorian government has designated the archipelago as a national park and banned the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other chemical agents, so coffee in the Galapagos Islands is recognized as organic coffee.

Galapagos Islands coffee flavor is more balanced and neutral, moderately mellow, with a little obvious but pleasant acidity, with a special aroma. However, because it is seldom seen on the market, not many people talk about this coffee.