Historical and geographical environment of coffee development in Guatemala

In 1527, the capital was re-established in Almolonga. The city was destroyed by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in 1541. Then there is a series.

Antigua Guatemala

Antigua Guatemala

A series of earthquakes with destructive power. In 1543, SantiagodeMayor was rebuilt in what is now Antigua Guatemala. In the years that followed, it became the center of the port director's office activities, and its scope extended to the whole of Central America. Antonelli outlined the first urban plan. In 1590, the city was rebuilt after another earthquake. During the 17th century, the city's architecture was built on the inspiration of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The plan of Juan Bautista Antonili (JuanBautistaAntonelli) (who is also in charge of the design of fortifications for Katanagh, Havana, San Juan and Puerto Rico) is in line with a perpendicular grid of 108889 square kilometers, located in the north of Central America and bordering Mexico, Belize, Honduras and El Salvador. It is bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the south and the Gulf of Honduras in the Caribbean Sea to the east, bordering Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras and Belize on land. 2/3 of the territory consists of mountains and plateaus. There are Kuchu Matanes Mountains in the west, Madre Mountains in the south, volcanic belts in the west and south, with more than 30 volcanoes. Tahumurco volcano is 4211 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in Central America. Earthquakes are frequent. There are Petten lowlands in the north. There are narrow coastal plains on the Pacific coast. The major cities are mostly distributed in the intermountain basins in the south. Located in the tropics, the northern and eastern coastal plains have a tropical rain forest climate, and the southern mountains have a subtropical climate. The year is divided into two dry and wet seasons, with wet seasons from May to October and dry seasons from November to April of the following year. The annual precipitation is 2000-3000 mm in the northeast and 500-1000 mm in the south. Forests account for half of the country's area, especially in the lowlands of Peteng, which are rich in valuable wood such as mahogany. Mineral deposits include lead, zinc, nickel, copper, gold, silver, oil and so on.

The northern lowland plain Peten is a tropical rain forest, the central highlands have volcanoes of up to 4200 meters, and the narrow and fertile flatlands on the banks of the Pacific Ocean have a tropical climate. The central plateau is also the cultural center of Guatemala, where temperatures are mild all year round at an altitude of 1300 to 1800 meters, with daily temperatures between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius, and higher levels tend to be colder in January and February. Guatemala City, the capital of Guatemala, is also here. With 2.5 million residents, it is the largest city in Guatemala. Tourist centers include Lake Attila, the old capital of Old Guatemala, the ancient Mayan city of Tikal and some other famous cities such as Kesaltnango and Chichikas de Nango. Population 12.6 million (2007). It has the largest population and the highest proportion of indigenous peoples in Central America, with Indians accounting for 53 per cent, Indo-Europeans accounting for 45 per cent and whites accounting for 2 per cent. The official language is Spanish, as well as 23 native languages such as Maya. 75% of the residents are Catholic and 25% are Protestant.