Coffee production and processing Coffee planting methods how to make coffee beans

Specialty coffee is also known as specialty coffee or specialty coffee. It refers to coffee made from green beans with excellent taste characteristics grown in a few extremely ideal geographical environments. Depending on the particular soil and climatic conditions in which they are grown, they have outstanding flavors. This type of coffee is then strictly selected and graded, and its texture is hard, rich in taste, and excellent in flavor. It is a selected coffee bean.

Coffee production and processing

Ethiopia's geographical environment is very suitable for coffee growth. Coffee is mainly grown in the southern highlands between 1100 and 2300 meters above sea level. The main coffee producing areas are Harar, Limu, Djimma, Sidamo, Kaffa, Yergacheffe and Wellega. The soil in these areas is well drained, slightly acidic, and red and loose.

Ethiopian coffee is harvested once a year. 3-4 Beautiful white coffee blossoms bloom during the month, and then the fruit begins to grow. 9-12 The moon-red coffee fruit ripens and waits to be picked. 11-12 A new season of coffee begins to be exported.

Currently, about 25 percent of Ethiopia's population depends directly or indirectly on coffee production for their livelihood. Farmers using traditional farming methods predominate. Artificial care of coffee trees, use organic fertilizer, do not use harmful pesticides and herbicides. Most of the coffee produced in Ethiopia is organic.

Coffee can be divided into three types: forest or semi-forest coffee, garden coffee and plantation coffee.

60% of coffee is forest-semiforest coffee. In such wild coffee forests, pesticides are not used at all, but biological methods are used to control pests.

35% of coffee is courtyard coffee. In this coffee garden, the planting is three-dimensional distribution. Coffee sits in the lower layers, in the shade of other crops, to get the right environment to grow. Fertilizer is mainly deciduous, withered grass and animal manure.

5% of coffee is plantation coffee. This is a modern way of growing coffee. Coffee is grown as a forest, but new varieties are used and spaced apart from other shade trees.

Due to different processing methods, coffee can be divided into washed coffee and sun-dried coffee.

Washed coffee accounts for 35 per cent of exports. Good quality washed coffee is processed from freshly picked fully ripe fruit, carefully picked and closely monitored by professionals. After picking clean coffee beans on the day of picking to pulp, then fermentation, washing, drying, peeling. The humidity of the processed coffee beans is kept at about 12%.

Sun-cured coffee accounts for 65 per cent of exports. Picked primarily at home, red beans are dried on concrete floors or high tables to a humidity of about 11.5%, then peeled and washed.