Introduction to the characteristics of high-quality Rwandan boutique coffee beans flavor and taste manor

The watershed between the Congo Basin and the Nile River basin runs through Rwanda from north to south, and about 80 per cent of the country is drained from the Nile River, while about 20 per cent draws water from the Ruzizi River and Lake Tanganyika. The longest river in the country is the Nyabarongo River, which originates in the southwest and turns north, east and southeast respectively before flowing into the Ruvwu River and forming the Kagera River, which will flow due north along the eastern border of Tanzania. Both the Niabalongo and Kagera rivers will eventually flow into Lake Victoria. Rwanda has many lakes, the largest of which is Lake Kivu. Located at the base of the Albertine Rift Valley and extending along the western border of Rwanda, the lake is 480 meters deep at its deepest point, making it one of the 20 deepest lakes in the world. Other large lakes include Lake Burera, Lake Ruhondo, Lake Muhazi, Lake Rweru, and Lake Ihema, the largest of a series of lakes on the eastern plains of Akagera National Park. [2]

terrain

Rwanda is mountainous and has the title of "country of thousands of hills". The whole country is situated at high altitudes: the lowest point, the Luziji River, is 950 metres above sea level. The central west is dominated by mountains, part of the Albertine Rift Range, which in turn is part of the Great Rift Valley of East Africa and runs north to south along Rwanda's western border. The highest mountain in the country is located in the volcanic chain of the Virunga Mountains in the northwest, of which Karisin is 4507 meters higher than the volcano and is the highest geographical point in Rwanda. The mountains in the western part of the country, located in the Albertine Rift Mountain Forest Ecological Zone, range from 1500 to 2500 metres above sea level. Central Rwanda is dominated by rolling hills, while the eastern border region consists of savannas, plains and swamps. [2]

climate

Rwanda has a temperate and tropical plateau climate, with temperatures lower than typical equatorial countries due to its higher altitude. Daily temperatures in Kigali, located in the centre of the country, generally range from 12 to 27°C, with relatively small fluctuations throughout the year. There are also some places in the country with large temperature differences. The temperature in the mountainous west and north is lower than that in the low-lying areas in the east. Rwanda has two rainy seasons each year, one lasting from February to June and the second from September to October; there are also two dry seasons, the longer one from June to September, which often does not rain at all, and the other from December to February, which is relatively less severe. Rainfall varies from region to region, with more precipitation in the west and northwest than in the east and southeast. However, the rainy season pattern has changed in response to climate change. A report by strategic foresight says there are fewer rainy days each year, but more rain in short periods. In some cases, heavy downpours occur frequently in a single day, with more rainfall than in the previous month combined. There are also cases where the rainy season comes late or ends early

Coffee fruits need to be transported to the processing plant as soon as possible after picking, but due to lack of facilities in the country, it is impossible to process the fruits in the first time. The fruits accumulate together after being picked, and lack of ventilation will continue to accelerate mold and rot. The rotten fruits will affect the quality of coffee and appear defective flavor.

Rwanda has made great progress in coffee production and processing in recent years. First, coffee fruit is picked manually; coffee production cooperatives are set up all over the country to provide technical guidance to coffee farmers; coffee farmers send coffee processing stations for cleaning and screening as soon as possible after picking, and select mature and high-quality coffee fruits for processing.

Rwanda has been growing coffee since colonial times. Although coffee is the main crop, the quality of coffee produced in Rwanda is not outstanding. The status of coffee in the world is low and few people pay attention to it. Rwanda grows mostly bourbon coffee varieties. Rwanda, known as the "country of thousands of hills", has a high altitude mountain environment, fertile volcanic soil and abundant rainfall, which is conducive to the growth of coffee trees. The advantages of varieties combined with excellent natural conditions should have produced high-quality coffee, but why is the coffee quality not satisfactory? The reason lies in the later processing links. Improper processing will reduce the quality of coffee and sacrifice many good flavors in vain. Harvesting, planting, processing, grading, transportation and other links will directly affect the quality of coffee beans, one of the links of the lack of control will become a stumbling block to make good coffee