Introduction to the characteristics of flavor and taste quality of Yunnan small-grain coffee brewing method

I don't know what you think Yunnan coffee tastes like. Qianjie believes that Yunnan coffee has both mellow bitterness, moderate acidity and sweetness, which is neutral and balanced. Let's take a look at what makes Yunnan coffee such a flavor.

What variety does Yunnan small grain belong to?

The so-called small-grain coffee is to compare the medium-grain robusta coffee grown in Hainan, China. To put it bluntly, it belongs to Arabica varieties like many coffee producing areas.

Before the sixties of the last century, large-scale cultivation in Yunnan belonged to the two small-grain varieties of iron pickup and bourbon. Since the 1970s and 1980s, major coffee producing areas around the world have suffered from leaf rust, coffee people around the world began to find ways to solve this problem. In 1990, with the promotion of Nestle, a foreign-funded enterprise, Yunnan introduced Katim varieties with better disease resistance and higher yield from Central and South America to replace the "unprofitable" tin card varieties of coffee trees. Katim began to grow on a large scale in Yunnan, and the output continued to increase and break through, but the flavor was not excellent. At that time, Yunnan farmers' raw bean processing technology was not superb, and the coffee batches produced were often sold at a low price. Become a recipe for bulk blended beans or instant coffee.

Katim is a combination of Arabica species and Robusta species. Robusta species have good resistance to leaf rust and rich oil, high yield and easy to grow. Katim has 25% of the Robusta gene after crossing with Arabica. Katim has 25% of the Robusta gene, which improves resistance to leaf rust and retains rich oil. at the same time, it has the rich taste of some original species of tin card. So most Yunnan manors began to plant Katim on a large scale. Qianjie believes that the Katim coffee grown in Yunnan has the flavor of nuts, brown sugar and plums, but the overall cleanliness is not as good as that of the tin card variety.

Where is the small grain coffee in Yunnan?

At present, coffee in Yunnan Province has been planted in 35 counties in 9 cities, including Pu'er City, Baoshan City, Dehong Prefecture, Lincang City, Wenshan Prefecture and Xishuangbanna. Yunnan coffee on Qianjie bean list is selected from Baoshan and Lincang producing areas.

The frost-free warm climate of Baoshan is very suitable for the growth of small-grain coffee, especially in the unique dry-hot valley around Lujiangba, but the temperature difference between day and night is large, which creates the unique return of Baoshan small-grain coffee. in addition, it has a reasonable low rainfall, which brings great advantages to coffee production. Baoshan is a large and early coffee producing area in Yunnan. Compared with other producing areas such as Pu'er and Menglian, the biggest climate feature of Baoshan is relatively less precipitation and higher elevation, so most of Baoshan producing areas have less fruit and flesh of coffee beans. but high sweetness. So Qianjie started Baoshan granule as the facade representative of Yunnan coffee, giving everyone a taste of domestic products.

Affected by the warm and humid air flow in the Indian Ocean and the southwest monsoon, Lincang, Yunnan Province has no obvious distinction between the four seasons, but there are two distinct seasons of drought, with more Rain Water, long sunshine, short frost period, frost-free in some areas and obvious three-dimensional climate, which is very suitable for growing Arabica coffee. Qianjie specially selected the most primitive tin card, which has a rich and diverse flavor, showing a variety of fruit acidity and delicate taste, which is recognized as a high-quality variety. The famous Blue Mountain Coffee and Hawaiian Kona Coffee all belong to Iron pickup.

Yunnan coffee beans under natural treatment

Some merchants use novel flavor enhancement methods to cover up the defective taste of Yunnan bean itself, and add a lot of flavor to it and raise the price. Qianjie feels that this does not really retain the taste of Yunnan coffee, but also misleads consumers. After tasting Yunnan coffee beans with special treatment, some friends feel that the aroma is particularly prominent, so they think that this is the mainstream processing method of Yunnan coffee. In fact, most Yunnan coffee farmers are in difficult conditions and do not have high-priced processing equipment, so the vast majority of Yunnan coffee beans can only be treated naturally, that is, washing and solarization.

If you really want to explore the "taste of Yunnan", Qianjie here recommend Qianjie Yunnan small grain beans, using water washing treatment. Qianjie launched rations beans selected 7 classic producing areas, covering a number of very representative producing areas, varieties, using the natural treatment method commonly used in the producing area, showing a unique style of the producing area.

The steps of washing: remove the peel and pulp of the picked coffee fruit by practical machine, put the peeled coffee beans into the fermentation tank for fermentation, decompose the pectin layer by fermentation, wash the decomposed pectin repeatedly with clean water, and finally dry the coffee beans for 1 week and 2 weeks. Washed Yunnan coffee not only reduces the defect rate, the quality of the coffee produced is more stable, but also makes the coffee flavor more clean.

Qianjie also has a coffee bean "Qianjie 2013" that uses natural drying and sun treatment, which is produced from Qianjie's own estate in Lincang, Yunnan Province. It is selected from an elegant tin card variety and uses natural sun treatment. Whenever November comes, the coffee fruits planted in Qianjie are also ripe one after another. Qianjie will arrange for workers to pick red coffee cherries one by one and spread the fresh coffee fruits in the sun to dry them naturally and turn them irregularly to let them dehydrate evenly. Avoid the negative taste of excessive fermentation. Yunnan coffee in the sun has more fermented flavor of fruit than washing, and shows a higher sweetness in taste.

Brewing small grains of Yunnan Coffee in Qianjie

After buying roasted Yunnan coffee beans, some friends don't know how to extract them. First of all, Qianjie believes that the freshness of coffee beans is very important, because roasted coffee beans will have the best taste period, if the aroma peak, the flavor will be difficult to extract. The beans shipped in Qianjie are freshly baked within 5 days, in the hope that everyone can enjoy the most complete taste period.

Hand punch parameters of front street:

Filter cup: hario v60

Powder content: 15g

Water temperature: 90 degrees Celsius

Degree of grinding: pass rate of No. 20 screen 75%

Gouache ratio: 1:15

Filter cup: Qianjie believes that Yunnan coffee should show rich aroma and a variety of taste levels, Qianjie barista will use resin V60 filter cup. The body of the V60 filter cup has a large round hole connecting the diversion ribs at the top and the bottom and the center, which speeds up the flow rate of the water, while the spirally shaped exhaust trough is designed to lengthen the flow path and increase the contact time of coffee powder and hot water. each flow of water converges along the groove to the center of the filter cup, the pressure on the coffee powder is concentrated, and the coffee extracted is more layered.

Grinding degree and water temperature: precisely because the flavor attribute of Yunnan coffee is neutralized and balanced, too high warm water and too fine grinding degree can easily lead to excessive extraction of coffee, release too much bitter macromolecular flavor substances, and too low water temperature and too coarse grinding degree, on the contrary, it leads to insufficient extraction and coffee is easy to be tasteless. So Qianjie will choose medium water temperature and grinding degree, 90 degrees Celsius hot water for extraction, coffee powder thickness for the Chinese standard 20 sieve pass rate of 70%, stores EK43s- scale 10.5.

Three-stage water injection: wet the powder bed with twice as much water as coffee powder to form a drum and steam for 30s, then fill the small water from the inside to the outer circle to 125g, wait for the powder bed to drop to half of the filter cup, and continue to inject the same fine water into the third section to 225g, until all the coffee liquid has been filtered and remove the filter cup for about 2 minutes.

Qianjie Yunnan small grain grain bean coffee flavor: smell very nutty, entrance has herbs, chocolate, caramel, finish with a touch of fruit acid, the overall taste is balanced, with a good cleanliness.

Qianjie 2013 Sun Iron pickup Coffee flavor: dry powder shows the aroma of caramel, nuts and citrus, chocolate, fermentation and berries at high temperature, the acidity of plums as the temperature drops, and the sweet finish of black tea and sugar cane. Medium to high alcohol thickness, taste clear, rich and varied layers.

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