Yunnan small grain coffee production method flavor description taste manor production area variety introduction

Yunnan small grain coffee production method flavor description taste manor production area variety introduction

Coffee has been cultivated in Pu'er City for about 150 years. It was introduced by missionaries and planted sporadically in Lancang, Jiangcheng, Jingdong, Jinggu, Menglian County and other places. The development of coffee industrialization in Pu'er City began in 1988. As the place name of Simao City has been used since coffee was grown on a large scale, and the name used in Yunnan Local Standard DB53/T154.1-10-2006 "Simao small seed Coffee Comprehensive Standard" is also "Simao", Pu'er Coffee still uses the raw material brand of "Simao small seed Coffee". For more than 20 years, the Pu'er municipal party committee and government have always regarded the development of coffee as a dominant backbone industry to adjust the industrial structure and increase farmers' income, and adopted the agricultural industrialization management model of "company + base + farmers + standard". And established a good trade partnership with Nestle Coffee Company, the coffee industry has made great progress.

Because of its geographical location and special climatic environment, the quality of Pu'er coffee has been recognized as a good coffee in the world and favored by world-famous coffee companies. Since 2004, the Bureau of quality and Technical Supervision of Pu'er City has sampled from the coffee industry federation (mixed samples from more than 30 coffee companies in the city) and sent it to the Food quality Supervision, Inspection and testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture (Chengdu) for testing. BHC (BHC) and DDT have not been detected, and the sanitary indicators are better than the green food standard. Since 2006, Nestl é has sampled coffee purchased from Pu'er and sent it to Yunnan entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau for testing. Agrochemicals banned and restricted by Japan's "positive list system" have not been detected. The excellent inherent quality of Simao small seed coffee is recognized as a first-class product by the International Coffee Organization (ICO). Nestle Coffee Company has newly launched Nestle Fine Coffee (Limited Edition), whose raw beans are Pu'er 's high-quality Simao small seed coffee. And Japan's Dayinam Comprehensive Investment Co., Ltd. (Beijing Jiyiou Coffee Co., Ltd.) has also registered Simao small seed coffee in Japan.

The quality of coffee depends on many factors, such as growing environment, climate, cultivation and management techniques and so on. Its best growing environment is low latitude, high altitude, sufficient rainfall and suitable sunshine, so the north latitude is 15. The ideal growing area for coffee is between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer. However, other areas in this zone, such as Hawaii and Saudi Arabia in the United States, or low altitude or little rain in the desert, are not conducive to coffee growth, only southern Yunnan in this zone happens to have all kinds of conditions. According to the determination of experts, small seed coffee should be planted in the mountains at an altitude of 800 to 1800 meters. If the altitude is too high, it will taste sour, and if it is too low, it will taste bitter. Yunnan coffee is mostly planted in dry and hot valleys at an altitude of 1100 meters above sea level, so it has a moderate sour taste, rich and mellow aroma. In terms of climatic conditions, the long light time in southern Yunnan is conducive to plant growth and photosynthesis, and the large temperature difference between day and night and low temperature at night are conducive to the accumulation of coffee nutrients. Therefore, the effective nutrients of Yunnan small-grain coffee are higher than those of other foreign coffee varieties. Small seed coffee is easy to be infected with rust, and the yield and quality of embroidery disease are deeply affected. In the hot area of Yunnan, due to the distinct dry and wet, the red ripening of fresh fruit enters the dry season every year, and the relative humidity is low, which is not conducive to the formation and growth of rust blister. Due to the excellent quality of Yunnan coffee, it entered the London market with "Lujiang No.1" in the 1960s and was rated as first-class. In recent years, the world-famous coffee companies such as Nestle and McDonnell have come to Yunnan to open up raw material bases, and the products produced in Yunnan are also gradually famous at home and abroad. At present, the average yield of coffee in Yunnan has reached 96.4 kg, and a household contracted land in Lujiang has set a world record of 400 kg. "I have seen countless coffee plantations in the world, where the management is world-class and the yield is the highest," said Steyhead, a chief coffee expert at the United Nations Planning and Development Program, after visiting the coffee garden at Lujiang Farm. "