Arabica Coffee Bean and Coffee Manor A brief introduction to Arabica Coffee Manor

Arabica coffee accounts for 70 -80% of all coffee production, and its excellent flavor and aroma make it the only coffee of all coffee species that can be drunk directly. However, its resistance to dryness, frost, diseases and insect pests is too low, especially the natural enemy of coffee-leaf rust, so all producing countries are committed to variety improvement.

Coffea arabica originated in Ethiopia's Abyssinia plateau (now known as the Ethiopian plateau), initially mainly as a medicine to eat (Islamic monks used as a treatment of physical and mental secret medicine or used to wake up), the 13th century to cultivate the habit of baking and drinking, the 16th century through the Arab region into Europe, and then become the world's favorite drink.

native species

It turned out that all the world's commercial coffee was Arabica coffee, but it was only in the late 19th century, when leaf rust caused the collapse of a large number of coffee plantations, that growers began to look for other disease-resistant varieties.

Arabica coffee is still the most important coffee variety, accounting for about 3/4 of the world's total coffee production. It is cultivated mainly in Latin American countries, but also in Indonesia and the Pacific islands. The geographical and climatic conditions of Brazil, the world's largest coffee producing area, are very suitable for the growth of Arabica coffee. The main coffee varieties planted are also Arabica coffee. Brazil's coffee production accounts for more than 1/3 of the world's total production.

The fruit of small coffee is smaller than medium coffee and large coffee. The berry is oval and generally has two seeds, which is called "coffee bean".

subspecies

The three earliest subspecies of the Coffea arabica series are varietal Blue Mountain, varietal Typica, and varietal Bourbon.

Jamaica Blue Mountain is an excellent coffee; tibeka coffee is native to Ethiopia and the southeast of Sudan and is the most widely cultivated coffee variety in the Western Hemisphere; Hawaii Kona and Blue Mountain coffee, which are higher in production, are comparable in quality and only 1 - 3 dollars in price.

Bourbon was introduced to the Americas by French immigrants from the Island of Bourbon (today's French Island of Reunion, located in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar) in the 18th century, and is now widely cultivated in Brazil and other Western Hemisphere regions, and a small amount is also cultivated in Yunnan, China. The caffeine content of subspecies Bobang is 20% to 30% higher than that of subspecies Tepica, but less than that of most subspecies Coffea. The main branches initially grow upward at 45 degrees from the trunk and droop with fruit load. The lateral branches are dense, the fruit is many, the yield is high, but the berries are small and mature faster, so they are not resistant to strong wind and heavy rain. Popan coffee is the second best variety of Arabica coffee after iron pica. It has many fruits and higher yield, but the berries are smaller and mature slowly. Coffea arabica grown in Yunnan Province of China mainly consists of subspecies Tibika and subspecies Bobang. From the botanical point of view of coffee, Coffea arabica grown in Yunnan Province has genetic similarity with Jamaica Blue Mountain and Hawaii Kona, which are recognized as the best.