A brief introduction to the planting climate and altitude of varieties in the coffee plantation of Arusha, Tanzania.

Composition

Raw beans: raw beans are unbaked beans, which contain 11.5% fat; 11.5% moisture; 28.6% crude fiber; 4.0% minerals; 6.2% tannic acid; 1.3% caffeine; 17.0% essence; 8.1% sugar; 11.8% protein.

Baked beans: baked beans, which contain 13.0% fat; 1.5% caffeine; 29.5% crude fiber; 2.6% moisture; 5.0% minerals; 4.2% tannic acid; 29.4% essence; 2.0% sugar; 12.8% protein.

Tanzanian coffee is mostly washed. After picking, coffee farmers will send the coffee fruit to the nearest processing plant for processing. The treatment step of the water washing method is to screen and remove the impurities in the coffee fruit, then remove the coffee pulp and exocarp, and send it into the fermentation tank to remove the pectin layer on the inner pericarp by fermentation. clean and then dry. Coffee in Tanzania is graded in the same way as in Kenya, both according to the size of coffee beans. When screening, let the raw coffee beans pass through the screen with fixed size holes. The larger the number of the screen is, the larger the particles of the raw coffee beans are. The flat beans classified by size are mainly AA+, AA and AB. In addition, PB (peaBerry), which is widely produced in Kenya and Tanzania, also has a set of sieve size standards, which specifically classify the size of round beans.

The topography of Tanzania is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, showing a ladder shape. The eastern coast is a lowland, the western inland plateau accounts for more than half of the total inland area, and the East African Rift Valley runs from east to west from Lake Malawi to the north and south. The Kibo peak of Mount Kilimanjaro in the northeast is 5895 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in Africa. [6]

Climatic change

The eastern coastal areas and inland lowlands of Tanzania have a savanna climate, while the western inland plateau has a tropical mountain climate, with an average temperature of 21-25 ℃ in most areas. More than 20 islands in Zanzibar have a tropical maritime climate, hot and humid all the year round, with an annual average temperature of 26 ℃. [6]

The types of rainfall can be divided into bimodal distribution and unimodal distribution. The areas with double bee rainfall include the provinces around the Lake Victoria basin, the northeast highlands, the coastal and inland northeastern. The bimodal rainfall area is characterized by two rainy seasons. The short rainy season occurs from September to December. The total rainfall can reach 200-500 mm. The long rainy season occurs from March to May, and the rainfall reaches 300-600 mm. The areas outside the double bee distribution rainfall area belong to the single bee distribution rainfall area, the rainfall time is from November to April, and the rainfall reaches 500-1000 mm.

Hydrology

The main rivers in Tanzania are the Rufidi River (1400 km long), the Pangani River, the Rufu River, the Wami River and so on. There are many lakes, including Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika and Lake Malawi. [7]

Tanzania is rich in mineral resources. By 2014, the major minerals identified include gold, diamond, iron, nickel, phosphate, coal and various gemstones, ranking fifth in Africa in total. Tanzania also has huge natural gas reserves. According to official data released by Tanzania, Tanzania has proven natural gas reserves of 44 trillion cubic feet, and the total reserves are expected to reach at least 200 trillion cubic feet.

"fresh" is the most important factor in buying Kilimanjaro coffee beans. There are several steps to judge whether the beans are fresh or not.

1. Grab a handful of coffee beans and feel whether they are solid beans with the palm of your hand.

2. Whether it is enough to smell the aroma close to the nose.

3. Put a bean into your mouth and bite it twice. There is a clear sound indicating that the bean is well preserved and not damp.

If you want to buy a single Kilimanjaro coffee bean, grab a handful in the palm of your hand, in addition to the above judgment, but also look at whether the color, grain size and shape of each bean are similar, so as not to buy mixed beans. If you buy mixed beans, it is normal to have different colors, grain sizes and shapes.