A brief introduction to the planting situation of Yunnan Tieka Coffee Fine Coffee beans, Geography, Climate and altitude

Baoshan: the cultivation of coffee in Baoshan began in the mid-1950s, and the first coffee seedling was introduced by the late patriotic overseas Chinese Mr. Liang Jinshan in Southeast Asia. The local famous Lujiangba small grain coffee is of excellent quality. It was rated as first class in London, England as early as the late 1950s. In recent years, with the expansion of international trade, Lujiangba's small-grain coffee is more famous. Merchants in Europe, the United States, Egypt, Hong Kong and Macao, especially in Britain, the United States, Egypt, Hong Kong and Macao all regard it as the best coffee, and the products are in short supply. In December 2010, after being examined and approved by the General Administration of quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China, it was decided to implement the protection of national geographical indication products for "Baoshan small Coffee".

Lincang: because of its unique geographical location and climatic conditions, Lincang has become the focus of many coffee enterprises, and has successively established 200 mu and 100 mu of high-quality coffee breeding bases in Mengding Town and Lincang Happiness Farm in Gengma Autonomous County of the city. coffee is planted in Gengma, Zhenkang, Yun County, Cangyuan, Yongde and other places.

Pu'er: tea village Pu'er has cultivated coffee for 150 years. At the end of 1990s, Pu'er City began to cultivate coffee as a dominant backbone industry to adjust the industrial structure and increase farmers' income. Coffee is grown in 54 townships (towns) in 9 counties and 1 district of Pu'er City.

Coffee cultivation in China is concentrated in Yunnan and Hainan provinces. Yunnan has a large output, with an annual output of about 26000 tons in recent years, accounting for 90 per cent of the national output. It is said that Yunnan coffee came from the French 70 or 80 years ago. The main variety is Arabica Arabica, that is, the so-called small seed coffee, commonly known as Yunnan small grain coffee. Yunnan's high-quality geographical and climatic conditions provide good conditions for coffee growth. The planting areas are Lincang, Baoshan, Simao, Xishuangbanna, Dehong and other prefectures. The natural conditions of Yunnan are very similar to those of Colombia, that is, low latitude, high altitude and large temperature difference between day and night. The small grain coffee produced is mellow by cup quality analysis, and its quality and taste is similar to that of Colombian coffee.

However, due to a variety of reasons, the development of Yunnan coffee industry is not fast. Yunnan coffee is mainly exported as raw materials, with an export volume of about 15000 tons in 2006. More than 60% of raw materials are acquired by Nestl é and Maxwell each year, and Starbucks and Amway have joined in recent years.

Due to the lack of deep processing and marketing, Yunnan coffee is not well-known and unrecognized by people locked in the mountains. It is believed that with the in-depth development of Yunnan coffee industry, the rising demand of domestic coffee market and the efforts of the government and enterprises, Yunnan coffee will usher in a new period of development.

Typica and Bourbon, two classic high-quality coffee varieties, are the main coffee varieties in Yunnan. In 1991, Katimo Catimor series varieties were introduced from Kenya (with stronger anti-virus ability and higher yield). A variety of Arabian species (also known as small seed species). Because the morphology and habits of the two varieties are similar, the two varieties are mostly mixed.

Tibica coffee, native to Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan, is the most widely cultivated variety of coffee in the Western Hemisphere. The plant is stronger, but not light-tolerant, and the yield is higher in Hawaii. The top leaf of Tibika is red and copper, which is called red top coffee.

Bourbon coffee is a variety of small-grain coffee second only to Tibica. At first, the main branch and the trunk grew upward at 45 degrees, and drooped with fruit load, the lateral branches were denser, the fruit was more, and the yield was higher. But the berries are smaller and ripen more slowly. The top bud of Bobang is green, which is called green top coffee.

Catimor is an improved variety of Tibika. Genetic coffee with 25% Robusta is a beverage crop with high economic value. It is called the three largest beverages in the world along with cocoa and tea, and its output and consumption ranks first among the three beverages. Coffee is rich in protein, fat, sucrose, starch, glucose, caffeine and other substances, rich aroma and delicious taste. Coffee is a perennial evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Rubiaceae. There are many species, including small seed species, medium grain species, large grain species and Ethel sa species, among which the small grain coffee species known as "fragrant coffee" have the highest yield, accounting for more than 80% of the total coffee output. Coffee originated in tropical Africa. Since the 15th century, coffee has gradually spread to all parts of the world. At present, coffee is grown in more than 70 countries and regions in the world.

Coffee cultivation in China is concentrated in Yunnan and Hainan provinces. Yunnan has a large output, with an annual output of about 26000 tons in recent years, accounting for 90 per cent of the national output. It is said that Yunnan coffee came from the French 70 or 80 years ago. The main variety is Arabica Arabica, that is, the so-called small seed coffee, commonly known as Yunnan small grain coffee. Yunnan's high-quality geographical and climatic conditions provide good conditions for coffee growth. The planting areas are Lincang, Baoshan, Simao, Xishuangbanna, Dehong and other prefectures. The natural conditions of Yunnan are very similar to those of Colombia, that is, low latitude, high altitude and large temperature difference between day and night. The small grain coffee produced by cup quality analysis is mellow, and its quality and taste is similar to that of Colombian coffee.

The western and southern parts of Yunnan Province are located between 15 °N and the Tropic of Cancer, most of which are 1000-2000 meters above sea level, and the topography is dominated by mountains and slopes. With fertile land, sufficient sunshine, rich rainfall and large temperature difference between day and night, the unique natural conditions have formed the particularity of Yunnan small seed coffee taste-strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, slightly fruity.

Pu'er, Xishuangbanna, Wenshan, Baoshan, Dehong, Lincang and other places in the south and west of Yunnan are all the distribution areas of small-grain coffee in Yunnan. As of January 1, 2012, according to the comprehensive survey of Yunnan Province, the planting area of coffee in Yunnan has exceeded 800000 mu, and the output of coffee beans in this period is expected to exceed 55000 tons. For the future, local governments in Yunnan have also drawn a blueprint: Dehong is planning to expand the coffee planting area from the current 100000 mu to 200000 mu in the next few years; Lincang plans to expand the existing 20, 000-mu coffee forest by 10 times to 200000 mu in the 12th five-year Plan; and Pu'er also plans to expand the 220000 mu coffee forest to 600000 mu. Other areas suitable for coffee cultivation, such as Baoshan and Xishuangbanna, are also planning to expand the planting scale.

Dehong: it has the laudatory name of "hometown of Chinese coffee". As of 2011, a total of 120900 mu of coffee has been developed and planted in the state, accounting for 30% of the total coffee planting area in the country. In the next 3 years, the planting area of coffee in Dehong Prefecture will reach 200000 mu. The coffee planting in Dehong Prefecture is above 1000 meters above sea level, of which 30, 000 mu are planted in the mountains above 1600 meters above sea level. in addition, the coffee grown in Dehong Prefecture mainly uses organic fertilizers and organic pesticides, resulting in high quality coffee. it is one of the rare high-quality coffee producing areas in the world.