The birth of Japanese coffee culture is inseparable from the ice drop coffee that crosses the ocean.

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Japanese cafes are springing up like bamboo shoots after a spring rain. They not only have different types of cafes, but also retain the traditional spirit of persistence, and gradually become the third space for people to relax and discuss.

Whether it is both external and practical hand-made utensils, or unique roasting and brewing techniques, Japan has a place in the coffee world.

Goat Coffee this series will introduce the history of Japanese coffee and give you a better understanding of the history of Japanese coffee.

The policy of locking up countries in the Edo era

The Edo shogunate, also known as the Tokugawa shogunate, is the last shogunate regime in Japan, the general of the fence is the controller of the actual regime, and the emperor is only the symbolic head of state. Under the system of feudal society at that time, high-pressure control was imposed on the aristocracy and the people to avoid class mobility.

In the era of Zhifeng in Japan, as many missionaries from foreign countries began to preach in Japan, all classes converted to Catholicism, making the ruling regime feel threatened. After the establishment of the Edo shogunate, a "religious injunction" was issued, and many believers were forced to convert or be sent into exile.

The founder of Edo shogunate-- Tokugawa Jiakang

In 1633, Japan went on to implement the policy of locking up its country ², which interrupted most of its trade relations with foreign countries, and opened only specific targets to trade at ports such as the Ming and Qing dynasties between the Netherlands and China, while why Japan was willing to maintain import and export with the Netherlands during the lock-up period was deeply trusted by the shogunate regime because they thought that the Netherlands had low missionary ambitions and active desire to trade with Japan, so it was deeply trusted by the shogunate regime.

The lock-up period, which lasted for more than 200 years, had a great negative impact on Japan in the future. the lock-up period made it impossible for Western science and technology and knowledge to be smoothly introduced into Japan, but coffee was the exception.

Nagasaki port out of the island

The Netherlands introduced coffee to Japan.

In the era of great navigation, European countries actively sought new trade opportunities in the open sea. at that time, Europeans were used to drinking coffee, and the Dutch were fascinated by this magical drink.

But because the voyage at sea was long and dangerous, the Dutch had no spare time to make coffee at sea, so they began to think:

Is it possible to keep the brewed coffee for a long time to drink at sea?

There is a Dutch businessman who trades in Batavia, Indonesia, who uses cold water to brew coffee powder to extract, thus solving the problem that it is difficult to keep coffee in hot water for a long time, so he has the present Dutch coffee (Dutch Coffee), or ice drop coffee.

With the Dutch trade route, ice drop coffee was introduced into Japan during the Edo shogunate period. Because of the specific opening to the Netherlands during the lock-in period, coffee successfully entered the Japanese market. This Dutch ice drop coffee is sweet but not bitter. Although it was not immediately widely accepted by Japanese society, it opened the opportunity for the Japanese to become popular for coffee in the next few hundred years.

Related article: it has a longer history than hand brewing and Italian style. Where does ice drop coffee come from?

The influence of Dutch Culture on Japanese Coffee

It has been recorded in the history of coffee in Japan that the coffee that first landed in Japan was at the "Dutch Restaurant" on the island of Nagasaki.

The record of Nagasaki, compiled by doctor Hirokawa Hirokawa, not only mentions the normality of coffee consumed by foreigners, but also records the relevant medical knowledge of coffee.

In 1804, Nanmu of Daejeon, a famous Japanese fanatic singer ³, also described what had been invited to drink "coffee" on a red-haired ship, describing that the beans were fried black and powdered and mixed with white sugar. the bitter smell and bitterness can not adapt to the taste.'

It can be seen that the acceptance of coffee was not popular when it was first introduced into Japan, and there were still many myths about this black drink entered from the West, and coffee did not gradually become a new favorite in Japan until the era of Taisho and Showa.

Field south mu

The first coffee shop in Japan, "can you teahouse"

Can I open a teahouse?

In fact, the first coffee in Japan has something to do with the Zheng family in Taiwan. Zheng Chenggong's younger brother has worked as an interpreter in Nagasaki, Japan for generations. Zheng Yongqing, the seventh generation descendant of Zheng Chenggong's younger brother, opened Japan's first coffee shop, whether or not Teahouse, in Tokyo in the 21st year of Meiji (1888).

The word "can" refers to coffee, which evolved from the Dutch name for coffee "koffie". Because the Japanese did not know how to translate "koffie", words such as "yes", "Ke Fei" and "Jiaxi" appeared, and then evolved into the Japanese Chinese character "Jiaqing".

Zheng Yongqing brought the cafe culture he saw while studying in the West to Japan. In the teahouse, you can see rare western toys, books, newspapers, magazines and so on.

Although this coffee shop closed down because of poor management shortly after its opening. But it is undeniable that "can teahouse" is the forerunner of Japanese cafes. More than a decade later, the number of cafes began to grow at a doubling rate in Japan.

Today, Japan ranks the third largest coffee consumer in the world, after the United States and Germany, and has a fully mature coffee culture, which can not be achieved overnight.

Reference: http://www.thenewslens.com/post/253414/

Note 1: the Zhi Feng era, 1573-1603, also known as the "Antu Taoshan era", was the time when Shinaga Saeda and Toyotomi Hideyoshi dominated Japan.

Note 2: the term "locking the country" was put forward by Tadao Shigeru, an orchid scholar, in 1801, and it was not directly called the policy of locking the country at that time.

Note 3: crazy song refers to a kind of Japanese folk literature and illustrations.