Introduction to the flavor and taste of high-quality coffee from Lazmus Manor, Colombia

In his letter from Jamaica in 1815, Bolivar envisioned that when South America was liberated from Spanish colonial rule, New Granada and Venezuela should form a country, named Colombia. In August 1819, Bolivar's Patriotic Army defeated the Spanish colonial army at the Battle of Boyaca and liberated Bogota. As a result, New Granada and most of Venezuela have been liberated. With the consent of the patriotic army and people of New Granada, Bolivar proposed in the Venezuelan Congress held in Angostura in December of the same year that Venezuela and New Granada unite to form a unified country. On December 17, Congress passed a resolution formally establishing the union of the two regions.

The Republic of Colombia. In May 1821, the State of Colombia held a Constituent Assembly in Kukuta, the interim capital, which adopted and promulgated the first Constitution of Colombia on August 20. The Constitution provides for a centralized republic and a series of decrees declaring the abolition of slavery, the liberation of slaves and their children, the prohibition of slave trade, and the equal rights of citizens, with freedom of speech and the press. The meeting elected Bolivar as the first President of the Republic and Santander as Vice President. In May 1822, Bolivar General Sucre led the army to liberate Quito, then Ecuador announced to join the Republic of Colombia in 1946, the Conservative M. Ospina Peres, who was elected president with the support of the United States (1946-1950), persecuted liberals and working people. In April 1948, J.E., the left-wing leader of the Liberal Party. Gaetan was assassinated, leading to an armed uprising. In 1949, the Conservative L.E. Gomez Castro was elected president and carried out a pro-American dictatorship. In 1950, farmers organized guerrillas in the mountainous areas to repel the siege of government forces many times. In 1953, commander of the armed forces G. Rojas Pinilla came to power in a coup and was forced to step down in 1957. In the same year, the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party reached an agreement to form a national front and decided to take turns as president and form a cabinet for 16 years from 1958. Since then, the national economy has developed rapidly. But the massive import of US capital controls Colombian oil, coffee and banana production and manipulates Colombia's foreign trade. After the expiration of the two-party agreement in 1974, the Liberal Party was elected president for two consecutive terms, and the political situation was relatively stable. In October 1974, the government announced the cancellation of oil concessions to foreign companies. In 1975, a decree was issued to provide for the "Colombialization" of foreign banks, credit institutions, etc. On February 7, 1980, Colombia formally established diplomatic relations with China. In 1982, the Conservative B. Betankur Qualtas was elected president, declared his government a super-party national government, and approved a bill to pardon the guerrillas in order to resolve the issue of domestic peace through dialogue with rebel forces. The Government reached a peaceful ceasefire agreement with major guerrilla organizations in 1984 and the national dialogue began in January 1985; however, guerrilla activities continued. In 1986, V. B. of the Liberal Party. Vargas was elected president.

The main varieties of Colombian coffee are small grains of coffee. Plants are small trees or large shrubs, 5-8 m tall, usually much branched at base; old branches gray-white, nodes dilated, young branches glabrous, compressed. Leaves thinly leathery, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 6-14 cm long and 3.5-5 cm wide, apex long acuminate, acuminate part 10-15 mm long, base cuneate or slightly obtuse, rarely rounded, entire or shallowly wavy, both surfaces glabrous, lower vein axils with or without small pores; midrib raised on both surfaces of leaf, 7-13 on each side of lateral veins; petiole 8-15 mm long Stipules broadly triangular, arising from the tip of the upper part of the young branch conical or awn tip, the tip of the old branch is often protruding tip, 3-6 mm long. Cymes are clustered in leaf axils, each with 2-5 flowers, without a total pedicel or with a very short peduncle; fragrant flowers, with 0.5-1 mm long pedicels, the suitable climate in Colombia provides a real "natural pasture" for coffee. Coffee trees in Colombia are mainly cultivated in the Andes, on steep slopes about 1300 meters above sea level, where the annual temperature is about 18 degrees Celsius, annual rainfall is 2000 to 3000 millimeters, latitude 1 °- 11 °15 north, longitude 72 °- 78 °west, the specific range of elevation is more than 2.000 meters. A special combination of factors, latitude, altitude, soil, plant origin of species and varieties of coffee production in Colombia's coffee growing area, rain patterns produced by the climate of the coffee growing area and tropical convergence, changing topography, luminosity, favorable temperature range throughout the year, moderation and Rain Water's distribution And include some common cultural practice areas in the process of selective logging and transformation, including washing and drying. Very suitable for the growth of coffee, mild climate, humid air, and can be harvested regardless of season. This is why Colombian coffee is of high quality. Colombia has three Codiera mountains running north and south, right into the Andes. Coffee is grown along the highlands of these mountains. The mountain steps provide a diverse climate, where the whole year is the harvest season, and different kinds of coffee ripen at different times. And fortunately, unlike Brazil, Colombia doesn't have to worry about frost. About 2.7 billion coffee trees have been documented in Colombia, 66 per cent of which are planted in modern plantations and the rest on small traditional farms.