Introduction to the characteristics of fine coffee in the producing area of coffee flavor and taste in Xuemai Manor, Bolivia.

Bolivia became independent during the War of Independence in Latin America in the 18th century, when it was rescued by Bolivar, a national hero from Caracas, Venezuela, so the country was named after him. On August 6, 1825, independence from Spain was declared, named the Bolivarian Republic, and later changed to its present name.

It formed a federation with Peru in 1836 and collapsed as a result of the Chilean invasion in 1839.

In 1863, rich saltpetre deposits were discovered in Atacama province along the Pacific coast. In 1879, Chile sent troops to occupy the mining area, and Bolivia joined forces with Peru to wage the "Pacific War" with Chile. Bolivia was defeated in 1883 and ceded the saltpetre-rich Pacific coast to Chile in 1904. Bolivia lost its only coastal province, including the important port of Antofagasta, and has been a landlocked country ever since. However, Bolivia has always claimed sovereignty over this place and claimed that the 1904 treaty was null and void. [3]

In 1932, the Chaco War broke out between Bolivia and Paraguay for oil resources in the North Chaco region. Bolivia was defeated and lost a large area of territory.

The people's armed uprising broke out in April 1952, and Paz Estenssoro, leader of the nationalist revolutionary movement, became president. Since then, there have been frequent military coups and long-term political instability. The modern bourgeois democracy with South American characteristics was restored in October 1983.

Bolivia is 1/3 of the Andean mountains, rugged terrain, mainly road transport, accounting for more than 85% of transportation. The main railway and road networks are concentrated in the west, and remote areas rely on air communication. But road coverage is the lowest in South America. And there is also the Ronggas Highway, the world's first insurance road known as the "road of death". There is no developed economy here, and it is one of the poorest countries in South America. However, with its beautiful lake scenery and unique scenery of the Andes, the Uyuni Salt Lake, known as the Mirror of the Sky, is a wonder of the world.

We know that Arabica coffee cannot be grown in cold places above 2000 meters above sea level. if the altitude is too high, coffee trees will frost because the temperature is too low. So Bolivian coffee is mainly grown in the Yungas region northeast of La Paz. It borders the Amazon basin and is about 1500-2500 meters above sea level with an average annual temperature of about 10-15 ℃. Therefore, it ensures the suitable temperature for the growth of coffee and protects the coffee plant from frost. In addition, the Bolivian coffee growing area has a distinct dry and wet season and fertile soil, which is a paradise for the development of boutique coffee. Bolivian coffee is usually picked by hand and is mostly processed by washing.

The early Bolivian coffee was of low quality and the market was very poor. Usually the picked coffee fruit is bumped all the way to the processing plant after a simple peeling treatment. Due to the imperfect infrastructure, the traffic is underdeveloped. Coffee farmers have to overcome the rugged mountain road and transport the beans to the higher altitude area of La Paz for washing. If the coffee fruit is not delivered to the processing plant in time, it is easy to ferment and rot on the wet mountain road. As a result, the coffee of good quality has been destroyed.

Bolivia has made a lot of efforts to improve the quality of coffee, stimulate the enthusiasm of coffee farmers and make coffee farmers have a deeper understanding of fine coffee. After the introduction of the COE competition, in the first COE competition held in 2004, there were 13 boutique bean cups with a total score of more than 84 points, and the champion bean score was as high as 90.44 points. In addition, in order to solve the problem of untimely post-processing, a washing treatment plant has also been built in Yanggas area. Let the freshly picked coffee be post-processed as soon as possible to prevent the decline in quality caused by transportation. Coffee farmers are also constantly refining their planting techniques. In short, Bolivia has finally completed a magnificent turn in quality through its own efforts in all aspects.