Flavor and taste characteristics of authentic Lanshan No. 1 coffee beans are blue mountain coffee beans expensive? grindability and water temperature parameters

For a long time, many media have been exaggerating that there is no real Blue Mountain Coffee in China, but in fact, this situation has changed in 2010. Blue Mountain Coffee has a mellow flavor, and a very standard cup of black coffee is also called the king of coffee because of its small quantity. It was once difficult to buy in China. This is a fact, and it is precisely because of this that many years ago, Blue Mountain Coffee has been exported to China. Of course, many Taobao merchants or coffee makers are also selling blue mountain flavor, blue mountain flavor, just in the name of blue mountain, selling deep-roasted coffee, which has little to do with blue mountain, which is also the reason why the price of blue mountain flavor coffee is surprisingly low.

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Not all the standard "Blue Mountains" are true Blue Mountains. The Blue Mountain No. 1 coffee provided by Qianjie Coffee has a certificate issued by the Jamaica Coffee Bureau. In addition, the wooden bucket packing Jamaican Blue Mountain coffee beans will have the logo of a green frog (you can see the picture below when the front street coffee was picked into the Jamaican raw beans). This is the front street coffee specially selected the rainforest certified production of Jamaica Blue Mountain No. 1 coffee estate. Clifton Farm, and Jamaica is the only producing area that uses buckets of raw beans. There is also the most iconic Blue Mountain flavor, the real Blue Mountain is very rich in aroma, balanced taste, there will not be any kind of taste prominent or lack of feeling. The price of authentic Jamaican Blue Mountain coffee will be higher than that of other coffee. Qianjie Coffee believes that there are three most important reasons: small quantity, good flavor and strict quality control.

When it comes to drinking coffee, many friends will immediately say, "give me a cup of Blue Mountain." Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee has a high reputation, low production and a long history. It can be said that even if you have never tasted boutique coffee, you have heard of Blue Mountain one coffee. We often see "Blue Mountain No. 1 Coffee", "Blue Mountain Flavor Coffee" and "Blue Mountain Harmony" on the market, which are dazzling. Not all those with the words "Blue Mountain" are authentic Blue Mountain No. 1 Coffee. If you drink fake Blue Mountain a little inadvertently, how can you tell which Blue Mountains are real? First of all, Qianjie Coffee takes you to understand how Blue Mountain Coffee comes from.

Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee Story

The history of Jamaican coffee can be traced back to the 18th century, when King Louis XV of France ordered the cultivation of coffee in Jamaica in 1717, and in the mid-1920s, the Governor of Jamaica Nicholas. Nicholas Lawes imported Arabica seeds from Martinique and began to plant them in St. Andrew. Coffee trees have been introduced into Jamaica and coffee is grown in the Blue Mountains, which is divided into high-altitude Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee, Alpine Coffee and Jamaican Coffee. Different grades also determine different prices.

Planting altitude

The Blue Mountains are located in the eastern part of the island of Jamaica, hence its name because it is surrounded by the Caribbean Sea. On clear days, the sun shines directly on the blue sea, and the peaks reflect the bright blue light of the sea. The highest peak of the Blue Mountains, which is 2256 meters above sea level, is the highest peak in the Caribbean and a famous tourist attraction. Located in the coffee belt, with fertile volcanic soil, fresh air, no pollution, humid climate, foggy and rainy all the year round (the average precipitation is 1980 mm, the temperature is around 27 degrees), this climate has created the world-famous Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee. It also creates the highest price coffee in the world.

The real Blue Mountain Coffee is one of the most advantageous coffee growing conditions in the world. The weather, geological structure and topography of Jamaica provide a unique ideal place. Designated Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee can only be grown in the Blue Mountain area, in Kingston, Jamaica is in the eastern north of the island. The ridge across Yatoujia extends to the east of the island, and the Blue Mountains are more than 2100 meters high. The cool weather, foggy weather and frequent rainfall reconcile the rich land of Rain Water. Here people use mixed planting to grow coffee trees next to banana and avocado trees on terraces.

Moreover, the mountain is very uneven, and the process of harvesting is very difficult (the coffee harvester is almost entirely female). Their coffee trees are on rugged hillsides, and the picking process is so difficult that non-local skilled female workers are simply unable to do it. It is very important to choose the right ripe coffee beans when picking. Immaturity or ripeness will affect the quality of the coffee.

Treatment method

Before this year, Lanshan No.1 coffee can only be washed. The peel, pulp and mucous membrane were removed by washing and fermentation. Farms that use the washing method must build washing ponds and be able to introduce an endless supply of running water. During the treatment, first remove the peel and pulp and let it ferment for 18 hours, then put the mellow beans into the pool and pass them back and forth, using the friction of the beans and the power of running water to wash the coffee beans until smooth and clean. After washing, at this time, the coffee beans are still wrapped in the pericarp with a moisture content of 50%. They must be dried to reduce the moisture content to 12-14%, otherwise they will continue to be mellow, moldy and rotten. After that, the coffee beans are screened and stored in a special warehouse. These procedures must be strictly mastered, otherwise, the quality of the coffee will be affected.

Why does Qianjie Coffee say that soon Blue Mountain Coffee will not only be washed, because Qianjie Coffee will soon arrive a batch of sun-cured Blue Mountain Coffee, of course, it is also certified for export by the Jamaican Coffee Bureau.

In fact, the production of this sun blue mountain coffee is also very difficult, why there was only water washing before, that is because water washing is the most essential embodiment of the blue mountain flavor, and changing the treatment method will certainly change its flavor structure. This is why Qianjie Coffee recommends washed coffee beans every time it introduces coffee beans in a certain producing area, because washing best represents the flavor of the producing area. Of course, Blue Mountain Coffee uses sun treatment, more to follow the development of the market, just like Qianjie Coffee some time ago also added a sun-dried Mantenin coffee beans, which is also different from the traditional wet planing method.

Three major producing areas of Blue Mountain Coffee

The Blue Mountain area is a small area with a planting area of only 6000 hectares, and it is impossible to grow all the coffee marked "Blue Mountain" there. Another 12000 hectares are used to grow two other types of coffee (non-Blue Mountain Coffee): Alpine Top Coffee and Jamaican Coffee.

Today, St. Andrew is still one of the three major producing areas of Blue Mountain Coffee, while the other two are Portland and St.Thomas. Some small estates also grow Blue Mountain Coffee, such as WallenfordEstate, SilverHillEstate and AtlantaEstate in J.Martinez. Even the largest landowners in the region are small-scale growers by international standards, many of whom are small landowners whose families have been working on the land for two centuries.

At present, there are six marks that can represent the origin of Blue Mountain Coffee, such as Memphis River Embankment Central Factory (M.B.C.E), Blue Mountain Coffee Cooperative Factory (M.H.C.C.T.), Portland Blue Mountain Coffee Cooperative Factory (P.X.X.S.H.), Coffee Industry Association (Wallenford), Coffee Industry Association (St. John's Peak) and J.A.S (Lanli). There are also some manor grades that are marked on the barrel.

Variety

The leaf tip of the iron pickup species has a feature, which is red copper, which is called red top coffee. Coffee tree opposite leaves are long oval, smooth leaves, the end of the branch is very long, few branches, and the flowers are white, open at the base of the petiole connecting the branch. Ripe coffee berries look like cherries and are bright red.

Why did Japan have the right of first refusal?

The Government of Jamaica established the Jamaica Coffee Industry Council in 1950 to establish quality standards for Jamaica coffee and oversee the implementation of quality standards to ensure the quality of Jamaica coffee. The Commission awarded a special official seal to Jamaica's exports of green and roasted coffee because the Japanese loan improved the quality of production and thus secured the market.

By 1981, about 1500 hectares of land in Jamaica had been cleared for coffee, followed by investment in another 6000 hectares. In fact, today's Blue Mountain region is a small area of only 6000 hectares, and it is impossible that all the coffee labeled "Blue Mountain" is grown there. An additional 12000 hectares are devoted to growing two other types of coffee: alpine premium coffee and Jamaica coffee.

Jamaica Coffee Board export statistics to 2013, 85% of limited Blue Mountain coffee bean quota exported to Japan, 5% to USA, 5% to Europe and 5% to other countries. However, China accounts for 15% of the global distribution of authentic Jamaica Blue Mountain coffee consumption, according to the International Coffee Association. This is due to a portion of Japan, Australia, Europe's share of Jamaica Blue Mountain coffee exported to Taiwan through direct subsidiaries.

Jamaica is the only country in the world with a government coffee regulatory agency-the Jamaica Coffee Industry Board (CIB), which is part of the Jamaica Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. CIB's function is to plant technical guidance, processing training, fair trade, quality control and other things about the quality and brand of Jamaica Blue Mountains. CIB's board of directors are all estate owners with a certain amount of plantation estate in Jamaica (due to the transfer of the industry, the newly certified Jamaica Blue Mountain Estate now requires an area of more than 50 hectares). CIB stipulates that only blue mountain coffee beans produced in Jamaica Blue Mountain area above 2200 feet can be called Jamaica Blue Mountain. Its grades are divided into NO.1, NO.2, NO.3 and PB specially selected by hand according to bean size. The basic standard of NO.1 blue mountain green beans is beans with more than 17 meshes, defect rate less than 3%, moisture content about 13%, etc. In addition, so far, Blue Mountain coffee green beans only one way to wash, no sun and other processing methods.

Another company worth mentioning should be Coffee Trades. The estate name is CLYDESDALE. The company's coffee factory is in the backyard of CIB's office building. The estate is about 1200 meters up the mountainside of Blue Mountain. Jamaica's other two most Blue Mountain coffee companies are Wallenford and Mavis Bank. These two companies were originally state-owned holding companies. Wallenford's output exceeds 60% of Jamaica's Blue Mountain output. Mavis Bank's output exceeds 20%. Moreover, it is one of the few Jamaican Blue Mountain enterprises. One of the companies that owns Jamaica Blue Mountain, Jamaica Alpine and Jamaica Specialty Coffee.

Classification and classification of Blue Mountains

The history of Jamaican coffee can be traced back to the 18th century. The British introduced coffee trees to Jamaica and planted coffee in the Blue Mountains, which is divided into high-altitude Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee, Jamaican Alpine Coffee and Jamaican Coffee. Different grades also determine different prices.

(1) Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee

Among them, there are four grades under Blue Mountain Coffee and Alpine Coffee. From top to bottom in terms of quality, NO.1, NO.2, NO.3 and PB,PB are round beans. According to CIB standards, only coffee grown above 666m above sea level is called Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee. The best coffee is located in the Blue Mountain of Jamaica with a height of about 2000,000,2256m. Because it is located on a dangerous hillside, the output is small, the grain is large, the quality is good, the taste is harmonious, and it has appropriate sour, bitter, fragrant, mellow and sweet taste. It is recognized as the best in the world, so the price of Blue Mountain No.1 is the highest of all Blue Mountain Coffee.

(2) Jamaica Alpine Coffee

The coffee produced in the Blue Mountain region of Jamaica below 666 meters is called alpine coffee, which is also the second best coffee after Blue Mountain coffee. It is called the brother variety of Blue Mountain coffee by industry insiders. Jamaica Blue Mountain caffeine production is very small, so if you want to taste Jamaica coffee, then Jamaica alpine coffee is your best choice.

(3) Jamaica Coffee

Coffee grown outside the Blue Mountains is called Jamaica coffee. It turns out that Chinese coffee industry generally has a wrong understanding that only coffee planted in the Blue Mountain area above 1800 meters above sea level can be called Blue Mountain Coffee. In fact, there is only one manor, Amber, on the mountain crown above 1800 meters above sea level. It is descended from Chinese people. The manor's main surname is Lyn (Lin). Its ancestral home is Guangdong, China. The manor has only 30 hectares of land and its yield is very small. Blue Mountain coffee is mainly distributed in the Blue Mountains John Crow, St. John's Peak, Mossman's Peak, High Peak, Blue Mountian Peak and other five mountain areas.

Authentic Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee with Certificate

The government of Jamaica used to insist that all Blue Mountain coffee was roasted in Jamaica to ensure quality. In fact, baking is a fine art, and doing it well requires experience, training, and expensive equipment. From the consumer's perspective, coffee beans should be available and consumed immediately after roasting. Coffee roasted in Jamaica is unlikely to meet this requirement. Jamaica's green coffee beans are now ready for export.

Front Street Coffee has entered Jamaica Blue Mountain from its place of origin and is currently available on the market for certification by the Jamaica Coffee Board for all exported Blue Mountain coffee.

There are three types of certificates:

(1) Certificate of quality issued by the Jamaican Coffee Agency

(2) the authorized sales certificate issued by the blue mountain coffee manufacturer. (blue Mountain Coffee is distributed by 4 processing producers licensed by the Jamaican government and exported by 16 licensed exporters)

(3) Certificate of origin of Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee

The quality certificate indicates the time and quantity. The Jamaica Coffee Bureau randomly selects a package from the Blue Mountain Coffee for inspection, and issues a certificate if the conditions of the Blue Mountain Coffee are met.

Flavor of Blue Mountain Coffee

Blue Mountain coffee tastes very clean, and it is one of the sweetest coffees in the world. This taste has been described by JimReynolds in Peet Coffee and Tea: "the best example of Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee is that it is fragrant, smooth and strong, and it makes me feel like a gem. It is as precious as a gem. It's complex, but very mild, it's sweet, it's very mellow. You must taste it in order to know what I'm talking about. "

Unique growth conditions, and in all the production process are very careful, making Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee very famous. The taste is full-bodied and mellow. the sweet, sour and bitter taste of coffee is perfect, with no bitterness at all, only a moderate and perfect sour taste and a long-lasting fruit taste.

Qianjie Coffee teaches you how to distinguish between true and false Blue Mountains.

1. Appearance: the raw beans of Blue Mountain Coffee are cyan, the appearance is very neat, the size is medium to small, the ends are warped up, and the volume increases a lot after baking, which is very full.

2, grinding beans: the real blue mountain coffee beans grow at high altitude, its cytoplasmic structure is relatively loose, it feels very crisp, cool and continuous when grinding by hand, and there is no feeling of resistance.

3. Aroma: the aroma is very rich and dense; the so-called blended Blue Mountain Coffee does not have this aroma.

4. Taste: the real Blue Mountain Coffee has a balanced and full-bodied taste, without any feeling of prominence or lack of taste, which is unmatched by any other coffee beans, and the most critical identification point. The aroma of blue mountain peas is more subtle and the taste is relatively stronger. Suggestion on brewing Blue Mountain Coffee

Recommended brewing parameters for Qianjie Coffee:

Generally choose these filter cups, V60 filter cup, kalita fan-shaped and Kono, Qianjie coffee is mainly brewed with Kono filter cup for display. Qianjie Coffee chooses Kono filter cup mainly because Blue Mountain Coffee chooses deep roasting, high temperature can easily lead to over-extraction, so Qianjie Coffee chooses 86 ℃ in water temperature. If V60 filter cup or other filter cup with fast flow rate is used at this temperature, it is easy to lead to insufficient extraction, while Kono has few and short ribs, which can isolate the gap between filter paper and filter cup, increase the residence time of water flow and have the function of soaking. Therefore, combining the test results of all the brewing parameters, Qianjie coffee finally chose the Kono filter cup.

Other parameters: 15g powder, water temperature 86 ℃, ratio of water to powder 1:15, grinding degree BG#5J (Chinese standard No. 20 sieve pass rate 80%)

In the brewing technique, Qianjie coffee is extracted by stages, that is, three-stage water injection method. Steaming with 30g water for 30s, the first small flow was injected around the circle to 125g off water, and the second stage of water injection was continued when the liquid level was about to expose the powder layer, and the total extraction time (including steaming) was 225g.

Having said so much, Qianjie Coffee has one last point: there is often a Blue Mountain flavor coffee mix on the market, and the so-called "Blue Mountain blending" actually has nothing to do with Blue Mountain. The reason for this is that the early Blue Mountain coffee is rare and expensive, and the operator uses mixed beans and deep roasting to make coffee close to the blue mountain taste according to the blue mountain flavor. therefore, conscientious merchants in domestic and foreign markets will tell customers that this is a comprehensive blue mountain, blue mountain flavor, blue mountain style coffee beans, not real blue mountain coffee.

The real Blue Mountain and Blue Mountain flavor are two different concepts, which are generally roasted with other beans to mimic the similar taste of Blue Mountain coffee. The beans of "Blue Mountain matching" are mixed, have a big difference in shape and are easier to identify. Also do not believe in dozens of yuan a pound of "the best Blue Mountain", more than ten yuan a cup of "Blue Mountain Coffee".

Not all the blue mountains are true blue mountains!

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