Introduction to the cultivation of Lingfeng Coffee in Yunnan. Is Lingfeng Coffee good? how much is it in Rose Summer?

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Coffee belongs to the evergreen shrub of the genus Rubiaceae. There are about 6000 species of Rubiaceae distributed in the tropical region. There are about 40 species of coffee plants, but the only ones that can produce coffee beans of commercial value are Arabica, Robusta and Liberica, which are called the three native species of coffee. Most of the people in circulation are Arabica and Robusta, so the Liberian species are not introduced here.

There are more than 60 coffee producing countries in the world, most of which are located in the tropics and subtropics between the north and south. This coffee cultivation area is called "coffee belt (Coffee Belt)" or "coffee zone (Coffee Zone)."

The main Asian origin of ● is Vietnam, Indonesia, India and China.

Coffee producing areas in China are mainly in Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong and Taiwan. Northern Hainan Island, southern Yunnan Province, located between 15 degrees north latitude and the Tropic of Cancer, its coffee is strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, very unique. The refreshing and comfortable acidity of the fruit is also unique, it is the top grade of coffee, which is praised internationally.

Yunnan is the main coffee bean producing area in China. Yunnan is located in the subtropical mountain climate zone south of the Tropic of Cancer, with unique plateau red soil, fertile and loose soil and mild climate, which is especially suitable for growing small-grain coffee.

After inspecting the coffee planting and primary processing base in Yunnan, international coffee organization tasting experts rated Yunnan coffee as the kind of small seed coffee processed by Colombian wet processing, which is the highest quality coffee in the world.

At present, Yunnan coffee is mainly distributed in 11 prefectures and cities, such as Baoshan, Simao, Yuxi and Dehong.

● climatic conditions

The annual average temperature of the coffee belt is above 20 ℃, because the coffee tree is a tropical plant and cannot grow normally if the temperature is below 20 ℃. Arabica coffee is not resistant to high temperature and humid climate, nor can it stay at a low temperature below 5 ℃ for a long time. It is mostly planted on steep slopes at an altitude of 1000-2000m. Robusta coffee is cultivated in lowlands below 1000m above sea level because of its strong adaptability. Average rainfall throughout the year, rainfall of 1000-2000 mm, coupled with moderate sunshine, is the most suitable environment for coffee growth. Arabica coffee is not resistant to strong sunlight and extreme heat, so it is suitable for growing in terrain prone to morning fog, especially where there is a large temperature difference between day and night.

Lingfeng Coffee in Lincang Coffee planting Base in Cangyuan County

● soil quality

To put it simply, the soil suitable for growing coffee is fertile volcanic soil with enough moisture and moisture and rich in organic matter. The Ethiopian plateau is covered with this kind of volcanic weathered soil, so the soil rich in humus is naturally one of the basic conditions for growing coffee.

1. Sowing seeds

The coffee tree either comes from grafting or begins its life by sprouting and growing "qualified" seeds sown in shallow sandy soil. Coffee is grown with seeds with an endocarp (Parchment). "endocarp" (or "sheepskin" or "paper skin") is a tea-brown hard skin wrapped in coffee grown, and the coffee beans attached to that skin are called "Parchment Bean".

2. Seedlings

When the coffee wrapped in endocarp is planted to the seedbed, it will germinate in 60 days, and the length of time is closely related to temperature and humidity. After germination, cotyledon seedlings should be transferred to the nursery to raise seedlings, which will grow to about 50 cm in about 6 months. At this stage, the seedlings are still fragile and must be covered with cold gauze and other things to block direct sunlight. It will take another 3-12 months to get out of the nursery. So the whole seedling stage takes half a year to a year and a half.

3. Growth

The seedlings bloom about three to five years after they are transplanted from the nursery to the garden. During this period, the vegetative growth is exuberant, with the root, stem and leaf growth as the center, and the aboveground and underground parts expand rapidly to form an ideal plant structure and prepare for production. Countries such as Central America that use hand-picking to harvest coffee beans will prune the branches of coffee trees and remove the lower side branches in order to improve the efficiency of harvesting coffee.

4. Flowering

The flowers of the coffee tree are white five-petal flowers with the smell of jasmine, and the flowers will wither in a few days.

5. Results

After the flowers withered, and then grew small fruit, 6-August turned red, red means that the coffee has ripe.

The peak of the coffee harvest is in the 6-8 years after the coffee tree grows, and then the harvest will gradually go downhill. In addition, if the coffee tree grows too high, it will also lead to a poor harvest, so coffee farmers will cut off the trunk at 30mur50cm above the ground to regenerate branches and renew productivity, a step known as "Cutback". If combined with climate, fertilization, resistance to diseases and insect pests and other favorable conditions, coffee trees can last 20 years, or even 50 years of continuous fruit.

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