Variants of coffee varieties in the world, genetic mutants, pointed bourbon.

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Coffee variety gene mutant

Pointed Bourbon (Bourbon Pointu): found in Bourbon Island in 1810, beans changed from round to pointed, with only half the caffeine content, but in small amounts, weak and extremely precious (mostly cultivated in the laboratory).

Elephant bean (Maragogype, or Elephant Bean): Tibica's best-known variety of beans, first discovered in 1870 in the Maragogype bean-producing region of the state of Bahia in northeastern Brazil, is at least three times larger than the average Arabica, hence the name. The taste of elephant bean is poor in low altitude area, but it has better flavor at high altitude, mild sour taste and sweet fragrance.

Geisha / Geisha: a derivative of the Tibika family, it was exported from the Geisha Mountains of southern Ethiopia in 1931 (Geisha is synonymous with Japanese geisha). It was unknown in many countries and was transplanted to Panama in the 1960s and did not begin to win cup tests until 2005.

Kenyan "SL28" and "SL34": the bourbon line, screened and cultivated by French and British missionaries and researchers in Kenya in the early 20th century, has adapted to Kenya's high-concentration phosphate soil for a century, giving birth to Kenyan characteristics of sour elves; top Kenyan coffee comes from these two varieties, but it loses its flavor when transplanted elsewhere.

Yellow bourbon (Bourbon Amarello, or YellowBourbon): a bourbon variety endemic to the Brazilian state of Sao Paulo, where the coffee fruit does not turn red and is orange when ripe. It was later found that the pericarp of other local bourbon-derived varieties also turned yellow.

Kaddura (Caturra)

It is a single gene variant of bourbon found in Brazil in the 1950s. It has better yield and disease resistance than bourbon, and the tree is shorter and easy to harvest. Unfortunately, it has the same problem as bourbon-- as a result, it takes a year off for a year. The flavor is equal to or slightly worse than bourbon beans.

But it is more adaptable, can be planted with high density, does not need shade trees, and can be vibrant in direct exposure to the sun, so it is also called "exposed coffee" (Sun Coffee).

Kaddura is suitable for high altitude areas from 700m to 1700 m, but the higher the altitude is, the better the flavor is, and the bean yield is relatively reduced. There are also variants of yellow Kaddura in Central and South America, but the wind rating is not as good as Huang bourbon.

Pacas (Pacas): a bourbon variety found in El Salvador. In 1935, the Salvadoran coffee farmer "Don Alberto Pacas" selected a high-capacity San Ramon bourbon variety to be planted on a farm. In 1956, his coffee tree yielded more fruit than the same kind of coffee tree. Professor "Dr. William Cogwill" of the University of Florida identified this as a genetic mutation in bourbon and named it "Pacas".

Pacas, with its high output and good quality, is popular in Central America. Currently, 68% of El Salvador is bourbon, while Pacas has 29%.

Vera Saatchi (Villa Sarchi): the bourbon variety, first discovered in Costa Rica in the 1960s, often appears on the cup test list of excellence in recent years.

Kona: although planted at an altitude of several hundred meters, Kona from the Big Island of Hawaii, with a mild sea breeze and rich volcanic soil, has an incomparably clean acidity and sweetness. Compared with the blue mountains with higher elevations, it is even worse.

Blue Mountain (BlueMountain): blue Mountain, which is popular all over the world and hard to get a bean, comes from the iron pickup family. Why is Blue Mountain so hot and expensive?! It is mostly because it is contracted by the royal army, and partly because it is not satisfied with soil and water and is in poor condition once it leaves Jamaica. After two hundred years of domestication, Blue Mountain has evolved successfully in Jamaica, and its resistance to fruit rot is better than that of ordinary iron pickups.

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