Planting requirements of Coffee and introduction of Environment, Weather and Climate

Coffee fruit contains two seeds, namely coffee beans. The two beans are connected face to face with each other on one side of the plane. Each coffee bean has a thin outer film, which is called silver skin, and its outer layer is covered with a yellow outer skin, called endocarp. The whole coffee bean is wrapped in a sticky pulp, forming a soft and sweet pulp, and the outermost layer is the outer shell of the coffee tree whose first flowering period is about three years old, with white flowers with five petals and tube-shaped flowers. there is a faint fragrance of jasmine, and the inflorescences are dense and arranged in clusters. Flowers wither after two or three days of blooming and begin to bear fruit after a few months. The fruit is a drupe with a diameter of about 1.5cm. It turns green at first, then turns yellow gradually, turns red after ripening, and is very similar to cherry, so it is called cherry coffee (Coffee Cherry). At this time, it can be seen that the conditions for cultivating high-quality coffee are very strict: sunlight, rainfall, soil, air temperature, as well as the way coffee beans are harvested and the production process. Will affect the quality of coffee itself the ideal planting conditions for coffee trees are: the temperature is between 15 and 25 ℃, and the annual rainfall must reach 1500 to 2000 mm, and the rainfall time should be in line with the flowering cycle of coffee trees. Of course, in addition to the seasonal rainfall, there should also be fertile soil and good drainage. Fertile soil containing volcanic ash, in addition, although sunlight is an indispensable element for the growth and fruit of coffee, too strong sunlight will inhibit the growth of coffee trees, so various producing areas usually cooperate with the planting of some shade trees. As for the ideal altitude of 500 to 2000 meters, the origin of the coffee tree is Ethiopia in Africa. In botany, coffee trees belong to the evergreen trees of the subgenus Rubiaceae, and coffee beans, commonly known as coffee beans, are actually the seeds of the fruit of coffee trees. They are called coffee beans only because they are shaped like beans. Climate is the decisive factor for coffee cultivation. Coffee trees are only suitable for growing in the tropics or subtropics, so the zone between latitude 25 degrees south and north is generally called coffee belt or coffee area. However, not all the land located in this area can cultivate good coffee trees.